Pamene njoka kuikira mazira? Kwambiri: mitundu, maonekedwe, khalidwe

Kodi kwenikweni chidwi anthu, chifukwa ndi funso ngati njoka ndi oopsa kusiyanitsa iwo kuchokera mphiri. Koma zokwawa izi Nkhono njoka detachment makhalidwe m'malo chidwi, njira ya moyo, zakudya. Banja natricinae lambiri kwambiri. Pali zoposa 1500 mitundu. Adders anthu m'mayiko onse kupatula Antarctica, amakhala malo osiyana, kuphatikizapo zipululu. Fans wa terrariums kunyumba ndi zosangalatsa kawetedwe zokwawa izi. Adders ndi wodzichepetsa, ndi kusamalira kochepa kwambiri. Iwo terrarium kwambiri kuganizira funso nthawi komanso malo njoka kuikira mazira, momwe kuti mwana wathanzi. Tiyeni tione vutoli.

mitundu ya njoka

Monga tanenera kale, izi ndi banja lalikulu kwambiri. Iwo m'magulu atatu: woona, njoka onyenga ndi njoka ndi verdigris. Taganizirani za chiyambi cha mtundu Natrix. Izi ndi zenizeni njoka. Iwo alinso pali mitundu mazana angapo. Ambiri a iwo - Natrix natrix, kapena kwambiri wamba. Umapezeka ku Ulaya (kupatula Far North). Ndi kwa mtundu uwu ife kupanga lingaliro la zimene zili. Photos njoka kameneka ndi chikasu "makutu" akutumikira monga "sewero gulu" banja lonse. A olakwika! Pali mitundu ya njoka ndipo popanda mawanga chikasu - mwachitsanzo, Natris tesselata, zokhala m'madzi Western European, Moldova ndi Ukraine. Osanenapo njoka, njoka mwachilungamo lalikulu ndi njoka yosalala. Koma iwonso a Adders lapansi. Anapeza mwa banja osiyanasiyanawo ndi mitundu chakupha. Monga chinsinsi chawo si owopsa kwa anthu, ndiponso pa nkhani zikachitika zitha kuyambitsa kutupa padziko mbola malo.

Kodi kusiyanitsa pakati pa njoka ya mphiri

Awiri yowala mawanga lalanje kapena wachikasu mbali ya mutu si yekha zimasiyanitsa chizindikiro. Njoka, osachepera, awa, njoka, ndi ena onyenga, ana ndi lozungulira. Pamene njoka - kudula vertically anakonza. Kachiwiri, ndi kusiyana izi ndi ulamuliro yekha m'dziko lathu. Mu kotentha, pali njoka slotted ana. Mtundu mamba - zakuda kapena imvi - angapezeke pa nsana ndi mbali cha Akhristu ake nonpoisonous. Choncho mtundu wa njoka zimapezeka mu dziko lathu? Natrix ndi ambiri mu gawo European la Russia. The malire kumpoto kwa uthunthu wake - ndi ufulu wa Vologda. Madzi njoka zambiri kutentha wachikondi. Ife izo imapezeka kum'mwera Volga, ku Kuban ndi Don. Pomaliza, Rhabdophis tigrina, nyalugwe kwambiri, opezeka mu Primorsky Krai. fomu iyi ayenera otchulidwa mwachindunji. Izi conventionally njoka yapoizoniyo 110 masentimita yaitali. Ngati izo zimachitika kuluma munthu lalifupi mano kutsogolo, mabala ang'ono ndi zizindikiro poyizoni ali anaona. Koma chala ali osavomerezeka kuika mu pakamwa nsomba ya makerele uzhu - kwenikweni. Kuya kwa pharynx wake (pa mbali kumbuyo kwa nsagwada chapamwamba) ndi poizoni ndi mano. Chinsinsi chiphe, osati wolephera kufunika kwa zotsatira za kuluma mphiri.

kumene miyoyo

Kale, mtundu umene anthu mitunda zosiyanasiyana, mpaka ku chipululu, koma "amakonda" madzi. Izo wakonda lonyowa, nkhalango lowe kapena meadows. Akugwira njoka pafupi madzi ndi madzi nyoka akukhala mwa iwo. Koma kudya nyama, ndi zambiri zokwawa izi chiikire mazira pa dziko. Mu kotentha pali njoka arboreal. N'zochititsa chidwi kuti akhoza kokha kukwawa mpaka. Kukwera pa thunthu, oyima kwambiri kutenga nthambi m'chifanizo podkaraulivaya mbalame. Kupita pansi njoka mapini ndi kudumpha masika. Ikamauluka limakuwongola thupi, imakoka m'mimba ndi rastopyrivat nthiti. Iwo likukhalira kuti chinthu ngati glider, chute, liwiro kugwa. Izi njoka arboreal kudula woboola mwana, nayenso, koma anaikidwa horizontally, zomwe zimathandiza inu kuona chithunzichi atatu azithunzi omwe tikunena. Grass njoka, Kuwulura zimene ife kale, kufika kutalika mamita imodzi ndi theka. N'zochititsa chidwi chifukwa si yachilendo kwa anthu azikhalamo. Akazi kuikira mazira ngakhale coops lapansi.

The Zingayambe

Chakudya chachikulu cha zokwawa awa achule, achule, achule. Komano, amene kudya kwambiri, zikudalira pa biotype malo okhala ake. Mu theka chipululu amadya makoswe ang'ono, mazira ndi tizilombo. Mu mapiri mu zakudya zake tichipeza abuluzi ndi ngakhale njoka. Wood njoka kudya geckos, skinks, mbalame osazindikira. The chakudya cha madzi kupanga 60 peresenti imakhala nsomba zina zing'onozing'ono. Young udzu njoka kudya tadpoles, tizilombo mphutsi za newts. Pali mitundu ya "specialization." Mwachitsanzo, fathead njoka kuti moyo kum'mwera chakum'mawa kwa Asia, amadziwa kutuluka zipolopolo nkhono. Anaumirira mano awiri kutsogolo mu thupi zofewa la mollusk ndi kuyamba kuluka ngati corkscrew a. Adders-oviphages moyo kudutsa Africa. Izi njoka yaing'ono (75 masentimita mkulu). Koma iwo sakudziwa nkomwe momwe kumeza mazira. Nyoka chabe zotiphimba nyama, monga kuwonjezera pa. Mkati kum'mero wake ali ndi "dzino" - msana ndondomeko kuti napyoza dzira. Madzimadzi amalowa m'mimba, ndi flattened chipolopolo njoka amalavulira.

makhalidwe oseketsa

Anthu mwayi bwino kukumana njoka kuposa mamba. Koma mwayi wochepa kumugwira iye, chifukwa zokwawa awa nimble kwambiri. Komanso, iwo amadziwa kuti nkhondo ndi munthu alibe kuteteza. Kukumana njoka izi ndi chikasu "makutu" angayandikire chuma, komanso kukweza kumene njoka kuikira mazira. Mu mvula njoka izi ndituluke kuti amasangalala kwambiri yamawangamawanga thawed pa stumps, ngakhalenso panjira. Pamsonkhano wina ndi mdani pafupi ntchito ndi njira zosangalatsa, amatchedwa "akinesia" - imfa onyenga. Likukhalira ali momveka kwambiri: thupi monga wopanda moyo chingwe, maso ake kukunkhuniza, pakamwa pake anatsegula convulsively, lilime anagwa kuchokera. Anthu ena ngakhale kuyamba kwa nsagwada za madontho ochepa magazi. Pakuti zambiri wosatsutsika mphukira ku chotulukira akununkha chinsinsi. anthu ochepa adzasirira kukatenga theka-lawola mtembo. Koma pamene muyenda patali mokwanira monga zinthu zokwawa, "Lazaro" anaukitsidwa ndi skedaddle.

zamoto

Izi njoka zikuluzikulu, akuyesetsa kukula kwa mamita awiri kapena kuposa kutalika. Iwo ndi mitundu khumi angapo. Zidzachitika ndi dziko lathu, makamaka kum'mwera kwa Far East. Mu ulamuliro wa njoka njoka - sprinters kwambiri. anthu ang'onoang'ono amakonda kuchoka, koma lalikulu ndipo akhoza kusonyeza mokwiya kwa anthu. Ngakhale kuti njoka si chakupha, lalikulu, ngati mano galu akhoza kum'vulaza. Makamaka aukali zheltobryuhy njoka, lomwe likupezeka mu Ukraine, mu Caucasus ndi wathu wotsika Volga kwa Ural Mtsinje. Popeza inamupanikiza iye chitaya yekha mu nkhope. Osati utsalira iye wofuna kuimirira okha wamawangamawanga njoka. Dera malo ake - Central Asia. Ndipo lalikulu sanali njoka (kupatula, ndithudi, kupatula boas ndi pythons) - eyed njoka. Akafika kutalika mamita atatu ndi hafu.

mphiri

Ndi chochepa. Chithunzi chikusonyeza ofiira kapena zofiirira njoka kutalika kwa masentimita 50 zokha, zowoneka pamodzi kumbuyo kwa malo yaing'ono mdima. Mphiri amakhala mu clearings ndi glades, meadows ndi steppes. Dera malo ake - kuchokera Scandinavia ndi ku Ulaya. Tili mu kum'mwera kwa dziko. Gadyukofoby mwankhanza kupha medyanok kusokoneza iwo ndi njoka zaululu. Ndipo zifukwa zomveka. Mphiri okha gadyuchat kudya, ndi zina kuukira ndi akulu. Komabe, iwo ndi poizoni. Koma iye amachita kokha pa mwankhanzaku - abuluzi mphiri kuluma amapha masekondi. Koma munthu kulibe vuto lililonse mwamtheradi. njoka onyenga Latin America - mussurany - kudyetsa njoka yekha zaululu. Khalidwe limeneli ntchito ndi alimi mu Brazil ndi Argentina. Iwo zimaswana mussuran kuteteza nyumba zawo ndi ng'ombe ya njoka zapoizoni, amene kudya ndi wabodza uwu kwambiri.

kubalana

Pairing zokwawa izi m'chaka, kawirikawiri mu April. M'pofunika kuganizira terrarium. "Wintering" - yokonza yokumba wa ziweto pa kutentha m'munsimu madigiri 10 pa mwezi - adzakhala kuwonjezera mwayi wakuti bwino. Mating njoka mu malo wopanda frills iliyonse. Male, kuyandikira dona ake akuluakulu kuchita rhythmic nods mutu wake. Ngati iye amachita modekha, iye wakudza kwa iye ndi unkagunda mmunsi mwa thupi. Nthawi zina ntchito kwa mkazi ndi yokulirapo kuposa wina. Ndiye njoka kupanga otchedwa "ukwati tangle." Amuna musamenyane ndi kuluma mzake. Iwo basi kuyesa kulikankhira mdani ndi mwini kupitiriza mpikisano. Zinthu zabwino (mwachitsanzo mu terrarium a) mungathe kukwaniritsa litters awiri pa chaka. Ngati oyambirira masika chisanu akugwetsa, nayenso, omwe si nthawi zonse kubalana umamumvera deadlines okhwima, mwina sachedwa kuika mazira. Pankhaniyi pali chidwi ndondomeko chosakwanira makulitsidwe. Mazira kukhala mu mazira anapanga m'mimba mwa mayi.

Mimba ndi kubadwa anapiye

Mimba kumatenga pafupifupi miyezi itatu. Njoka kuikira mazira pansi pa zinthu zakuya, mizu ya mitengo, mu kanthu mabowo, manyowa kapena kuvunda chomera zinyalala. Wotsendereka chiwerengero zimadalira kukula kwa mkazi. Nyoka kutalika kwa masentimita 70 chagona pa 10 mazira, mita - 15-30. Mkati chipolopolo ndi yolk lalikulu atazunguliridwa ndi wosanjikiza woonda zomanga thupi. Wamba njoka mazira amafanana nkhunda. Koma amakondana "kwa mikanda 'mankhwala gelatinous. Pakati pa nthawi imeneyo anthu njoka kuikira mazira ndi pamene pali achinyamata unachitika kwa masabata atatu. Akhanda ndi masentimita 15 m'litali, koma ndi yotheka kwathunthu. Iwo kudya mphutsi, nkhono ndi tizilombo zosiyanasiyana. kukula Young mosavuta analamulira, kutenga chakudya kuchokera m'manja.