Anthu ka Russia - mndandanda. Anthu osachepera ambiri a Russia

Dera anthu anthu ameneŵa la Russia, akuthamanga pamodzi nkhani 28 la Russia. Iwo umachokera ku zigawo Far East kwa Kola Peninsula.

Malinga ndi mndandanda boma la 2006, ku North, Siberia, ndi Far East ndi zigawo zina za la Russia ndi kunyumba kwa anthu 45 zamakolo, kupereka chonse cha anthu a anthu pafupi 250 zikwi.

Anthu ochuluka kuposa iwo ali Nenets, chiwerengero chawo anafika 44 chikwi. Mitundu ang'onoang'ono amanyamula Ents, amene amagwirizana ndi dzina encho. chiwerengero chawo si upambana anthu 200. Ndi anazimiririka anthu Akunenanso Izhors - anthu 450, ndi mtundu Vod, chiwerengero cha zomwe tawerenga chatha anali anthu osachepera 100. Kodi kuyitana ena numerically kakang'ono anthu a Russia? Mndandanda Tingaone pansipa.

List of zilankhulo za Anthu a Russia

• Chukchi.
• Eskimos.
• Chuvans.
• Kamchadals.
• Koryak.
• Alyutors.
• Aleuts.
• Nivkhs.
• Orok.
• Orochi.
• Udegeytsy.
• Negidals.
• Ulchi.
• Evenki.
• Evens.
• Yukagirs.
• Dolgan.
• Abaza.
• Chum.
• Veps.
• Izhors.
• Nenets.
• Igelmeny.
• Sami.
• Chulyms.
• Shor.
• Khanty.
• Besermyan.
• Korek.
• Mansi.
• Sepkupy.
• Soyots.
• Mabeseni.
• Teleuts.
• Tofalars.
• Tozhu tuvans.
• Kumandins.
• Nanai.
• Nagaybaks.
• Naganasany.
• Tubalars.
• Nganasans.
• Chelkans.
• Karels.
• Vod.

The worldview miyambo ya anthu zakwawoko wa North

Pachikhalidwe Evens, komanso anthu ena zamakolo wa Russia, deify thambo ndi zounikira onse aakulu, komanso zinthu zofunika zomera ozungulira ndi zomera - mapiri, mitsinje, nkhalango nayonso ndi nyama zosiyanasiyana kuti moyo. Mwachitsanzo, Sun mu Eban chikumbumtima miyambo akuimira munthu wokoma mtima, kwathunthu chidwi ndi chidwi ndi kuteteza anthu akuderalo. Sun Mulungu akhoza anachititsa kucheza ndi nsembe ndi chikhulupiriro ndi mapemphero. Umulungu angathe kuchita chifuniro cha okhulupirira ndipereka iwo ana athanzi ndi amphamvu, kuonjezera gulu la alenje nswala kubweretsa zabwino ndipo amakonda nsomba kupha.

Anthu ambiri zamakolo za anthu a Siberia ndi achikunja ndi Chipembedzo cha milungu yambiri, ndi mbali m'malo achilendo za ubwenzi, monga solo ndi thupi, makamaka chikhalidwe mbadwa ndi zochitika, koma ndi chikhalidwe ambiri. Izo ziri chimodzimodzi m'dziko limene akukhala kapena anthu ena, iye ndi Mulungu ndi zamoyo chilli, angathe kulimbikitsa zochitika zonse mu chikhalidwe ndi mu anthu. mphamvu yake, ndi wapamwamba ake anazindikira kuti mphamvu ya anthu akuyesera kuti zikhale ndi njira zosiyanasiyana zauzimu monga kupemphera, kukwiya, ndi zina zotero D..

nyama, nayenso, ngati zomera, atengedwa chifukwa chofunikira kwambiri. Mwachitsanzo, m'mudzi okha-Kehl ili Kobyaysky District, amakula mtengo wopatulika, amene Mtetezi wa anthu. Polemekeza nsembe mtengo anapanga, iyenso ankafotokozedwa zinthu zosiyanasiyana. Komanso, pali mwambo wa wopatulika nswala, swans, ziwombankhanga ndi totems ena osiyanasiyana.

Mkhristu Contemporary chifukwa Yakutia

Membala wa bungwe la zilankhulo za Anthu a North Zakharova NE phunziro lake iye amaona kuti panopa chikale northerners zamakolo amakonda kusankha mizu yawo yachikunja, kuyang'ana iwo kudzitsitsa, kulambira mafano ndi "kuledzera kudziwitsa anthu." Choncho, pamaso pa makono Ula atsogoleri achikhristu umatchulidwatchulidwa chinthu manyazi dziko chifukwa chakuti angafune kulambira zinthu kulambira chikhalidwe cha Mulungu mmodzi.

Pa nkhani imeneyi, ndi mizimu imachitika wotsimikizika kulimbana. Motero malinga Zaharovoy N. E., boma la Republic of Sakha Yakutia ndi chigawocho anaika pamaso pake ntchito kuthetsa wathunthu wa chikunja pa gawo anthu numerically kakang'ono anthu a kumpoto Russian.

Tikumbukenso kuti kulimbana ndi asing'anga wakhalako kwa zaka pafupifupi zitatu, kuchokera nthawi ya ufumu wa Russia. Komabe, achikunja kumpoto anakhalabe yekha ngakhale pambuyo pa ubatizo ofunda. Chifukwa, mizimu pang'onopang'ono anayamba kudutsa mu Russian chilengedwe chikhalidwe. Kufotokoza zodabwitsazi angakhale chakuti chi chikhalidwe cholowa limaoneka ngati wolowa dziko zachikunja. Iwo umupeza ena kumutsimikizira ngati lililonse la Kubadwa Kwatsopano - chitsitsimutso cha Dzikoli ku phulusa la achikunja mdima wa Ages Middle.

Chirichonse chomwe icho chinali, kuphatikiza kwa mbewu ndi intertwining a Chikhristu miyambo ndi mizimu kupereka chodabwitsa ndi chidwi zojambula, kuphunzira zimene Russian anthu ang'ono kupereka moyo wawo yekha.

Anthu a mbali ya kumpoto, kumadzulo kwa Russia

Pa mndandanda wa anthu numerically ka Russia ali mu ukutsika dongosolo la kukula anthu:

• Karels (92 chikwi. Pers.).
• Veps (8 zikwi. Pers.).
• The Sami anthu (2 zikwi. Pers.).
• Izhora (450 pers.).
• Vod (82 pers.).

Karels

Malo okhala Karels akhoza ndikuganiza dzina la anthu. Iye ndi mutu ndi anthu wochokera Republic Karelian. Ena Karels molimba zitakhazikika mu Leningrad ndi Vyborg malo. Karelian ethnos anayamba kupanga kuzungulira m'ma 13 pa gawo, yomwe kuphimba Karelian kamtunda kopita ku chilumba ndi mbali ya masiku ano Finland, komwe pali ena m'midzi Karelia.

Misa ubatizo imachitika pa malamulo Kalonga Novgorod, si yaikulu chikhalidwe wowerengeka wa Karelia. Zinali zovuta ofunda, chifukwa pa nthawi imeneyo anthu ochepa kwambiri kumvetsetsa Chirasha, zomwe kunachitidwa mabodza achipembedzo. Komabe, makhalidwe komanso mwauzimu mfundo Karels adapanga zimaonekera wowerengeka nyimbo, kuvina, ndakatulo ndi mawu amatsenga rune. Zilankhulo za anthu - Finland ndi Russia. M'madera kumpoto kwa ntchito yaikulu ya Karelia - mphalapala ndi ziweto zina, ena - nsomba ndi kukolola nkhalango. Panopa Karelia bwino anayamba drevodobyvayuschaya ndi opanga makampani, amene wotanganidwa mbali ya ochepa izi mitundu.

Izhora

Izhora - kudziona Finno-Ugric anthu, m'mbuyomu, pamodzi ndi anthu ka Vod, Izhora anali anthu yaikulu ya dziko lapansi. Dzina la mtundu uwu mizu mwa Swedish dzina m'chigawo Ingermanladskoy (Ingermanland). Komanso, Izhors amadzitcha okha mu mochulukitsa "karyalaysht". Izi zikhale zogwirizana ndi mfundo yakuti anthu a anthu a Vod Izhora uzipereke izo monga "Karelia".

Mu 1897, chiwerengero cha anthu anafikira anthu 14,000, koma lero chiwerengero chawo anapita 400. Mu 1920 anayamba kupanga ngakhale kulemba wake, koma iye anali kumira mu chisokonezeko cha kumapeto kwa 1930.

munene chake choyamba monga "Ingram" Izhors analandira wina mu 1223. M'zaka za m'ma XV, fuko lino ndi mbali ya dziko la Russia. Iye bwino kukumana kuloŵerera ndi ena alionse chifukwa cha Orthodox chipembedzo. Mu XVII m'zaka za dziko Neva (Ingermanland) amakhala m'chigawo Swedish, ndi Izhora anaphatikizana ndi Finns, ndipo mu 1943 anthu utachotsedwapo ndi asilikali a ku Germany mu Finland. Kenako, mpaka 1950s m'ma, Izhora kuthetsa ndondomeko mu malo omwewo kakusintha ena oletsa ndi akuluakulu.

Farm Izhora ofanana Russian ndipo amasonyeza kulima kwenikweni: kulima masamba ndi mbewu monga chimanga, kenako zosonkhanitsira, kuyanika, ndi kupuntha flails ndi TACHIMATA pa benchi, komanso ziweto ndi nsomba yeniyeni, kupanga njira nsomba yozizira, amene Izhors kumanzere monga ambiri, anthu onse, anagona usiku mu thabwa misasa.

Malawi Izhora zinachitika m'midzi kawirikawiri mabanja ang'onoang'ono. Ngakhale Orthodoxy, anthu anali ovomerezeka awo mwambo wa maliro. Manda zinachitika mu malo opatulika, minda. Pamodzi ndi womwalirayo mu m'bokosi anaiika chakudya ndi ubweya impso, komanso mpeni.

Great kufunika chikhalidwe akuimira Rune cholowa Izhora mu kuchuluka kwa epics. Choncho, Chifinishi folklorist Elias Lennorot ntchito runes Izhora pamene drafting lemba "Kalevala".

Vod

The osachepera anthu ambiri a Russia ali lero anthu 82 basi ndipo amakhala makamaka mu gawo kum'mwera kumadzulo kwa dera Leningrad. Vod wa Finno-Ugric anthu. A chilankhulo kuti lili ndi anthu a anthu, atatu - izo vodsky, Izhora ndi Russian. Estonia - pafupi vodskomu chinenero chilankhulo. Waukulu ndi chikhalidwe utakhala mtundu waung'ono anali ulimi ndi nkhalango, nsomba ndi kuti akhale mmisiri chabwino. Analandira pa pafamu kawirikawiri anagulitsa mu malo aakulu, monga St. Petersburg.

The osachepera anthu ambiri a Russia sakanakhoza kusunga chinenero choyambirira. Izi zinathandiza osati anabwera Orthodoxy (maulaliki anali mu Russian), koma chinenero nenormirovannost, kusowa kwa sukulu, amene akanaphunzitsidwa vodsky olembedwa chinenero, ochepa anthu ndi zambiri mabanja losanganikirana. Choncho, chinenero vodsky saatha, komanso chikhalidwe cha anthu Vod kwambiri Anagonjera Russification.