Pa zimene okwera zonyamula ntchentche ndege? Liwiro sitima ndege

Kuyang'ana kunja porthole chombo wakumwamba kudziko lakutali pansi, pa minda malo yofiirira pa kubalalika wa mauniko mudzi, mosadziwa angabweretse funso: ndege zouluka pa okwera chiyani? Tidzayensa funso limeneli yooneka ngati yosavuta. Chinthu kuti ndi chinthu cha okwera, amene ayamba yonyamula mu ndege, zimakhudza zinthu zingapo. Ndipo oyamba - chitsanzo cha makina. Kawirikawiri timaona ndege mlengalenga. Ena a iwo amaoneka ngati nyenyezi wothwanima anasiya njira ya mpweya. Izi ndege ndege. Iwo amasunthira mwakachetechete kudutsa mlengalenga. Ndipo pali sitima ndi mokweza ndi uterine yaukali ija kuthamangira kwambiri moti mukhoza kuona kampani chizindikiro fuselage lapansi. N'chifukwa chiyani kusiyana mu typesetting kutalika pamene zouluka? Werengani m'munsimu.

Kutalika abwino. Kodi ichi

Ku sukulu ya sayansi, tiyenera kukumbukira kuti apamwamba inu kupita mmwamba, n'kakang'ono mlengalenga amakhala. Kuchokera pamenepa, amachepetsa mpweya mikangano ndi ndege. Ndipo izo zikutanthauza - ndi kuchepetsedwa kumwa mafuta zofunika kuthana ndi kulimbikira m'mlengalenga. Zingatanthauze kuti zombo zonse zikhazikitsidwe mfundo imeneyi, kuuluka pa msinkhu pazipita. Penapake stratosphere, kumene pafupifupi palibe mpweya, palibe kukhululukirana. Koma mapiko a ndege lakonzedwa kuti galimoto mu njira ena kuthandiza otaya mpweya. Ndipo ngati iwo satero, ndege wayamba "zimazunzitsa". Ndicho chifukwa chake ndege ndi kunena aja abwino. danga Ichi ndi pakati pa asanu ndi khumi ndi zikwi mamita pamwamba pansi. Kodi mkulu zouluka mwakwera ndege ya mamangidwe - linaŵerengera woyendetsa chifukwa cha maonekedwe ake luso. Kuyenera kukhala "golide zikutanthauza" pakati pa mikangano ndi yokonza makina anthu ambiri mpweya.

Malangizo a njira

Zingaoneke zachilendo kuti chinthu zokhudza izo, ndege ndege galimotolo ndi njira zake zimene msinkhu. Opha kuteteza chosokosera mu ndege mlengalenga (chifukwa pamene ngozi ngati sapulumuka wina) anapeza ulamuliro zotsatirazi. Ndege zonse, zotsatirazi ina easterly, olumala zosiyanasiyana kum'mwera kapena kumpoto, kutenga wosamvetseka makonde mpweya. Ndi, monga ulamuliro, asanu ndi khumi makilomita kuchokera padziko lapansi. A ndege zouluka kumadzulo, kenako ngakhale "magulu" a pamwamba (khumi ndi mamita zikwi khumi ndi ziwiri). Kuchokera pa magawo luso makina, ndege ndi kuyembekezera kulowera iwo kusankha, nadzalalikira kuti opha pansi. Ndipo iwo akhala akuchenjeza oyendetsa za nyengo pa njira. Nthawi zina, kupewa kugwedezekagwedezeka zone zapamadzi zofunika kuchepetsa kapena kukwera. Zosintha kuyang'anira njira yonse ya mkanda ndi kusunga kulankhulana mosalekeza ndi katswiri woyendetsa.

Pa msinkhu pazipita zouluka ndege zonyamula

Mayiko ena anatseka airspace pamwamba m'gawo lake (kapena mbali yake) chifukwa cha nkhondo. Mkulu mapiri chifukwa cha kugwedezekagwedezeka pa mpirawo. Pazifukwa izi woyendetsa ayenera kuganizira charting podzera njira. Tinapangana Ngopambana njira mbali, ndi kutalika pafupifupi pa zimene ndege chichitike, amatchedwa "Echelon". Koma masoka achilengedwe mu mawonekedwe a mkulu mitambo mkuntho sangathe ananeneratu pasadakhale. Yaikulu cloudiness kumabweretsa kugwedezekagwedezeka mkulu. Ndipo woyendetsa ayenera kupita mozungulira mtambo kupewa ngozi. Ndipo ndi bwino kuchita izo padziko pamene palibe vagaries a nyengo si zoopsa. The pazipita ndege okwera ndege zonyamula zimatengera mtundu wa makina. Mwachitsanzo, TS-204 likhoza kupita kwa 7200 mamita yatsopano IL 62 -. Makilomita khumi. Ichi ndi kutalika pazipita ndi "Airbus A310". Ndipo zimene ndege akhoza kukwera kumwamba mu makilomita khumi ndi awiri? Awa ndi makina ndi injini ndege. Mbali wodutsa waku kutalika pazipita ndi kupeza "Boeing 737-400".

ndi liwiro la ndegeyo Kodi

Kuchuluka chachikulu cha mafuta ankadya kumayambiriro kwa zapamadzi lapansi. Pambuyo makina katundu ayenera bwino omwazika kuti kutsika pansi ndi phindu okwera kugonjetsa amphamvu mpweya kukhululukirana. Choncho, ngakhale mmene mkulu zouluka ndege, nyamuka chikuchitika mwamsanga. Ndiye okwera ndi kunena kulumikiza mpando m'zikwama zanu, chifukwa zapamadzi ndi ikuthamanga kwambiri. The "Boeing 737-400", mfundo imeneyi ndi pafupifupi mazana asanu makilomita paola. Pamene ndege afika ku okwera kwambiri, kanyumba kulengeza kuti mpando malamba akhoza kuchotsedwa.