Osati ndi participles wapakamwa: ulamuliro wa chowasiyanitsa ndi zovuta milandu

Ophunzira mosavuta kukumbukira zimene sitiyenera gerunds olembedwa payokha, komanso mneni ku mbali iyi ya kulankhula inkachitika:

• Osati pakumva kusiyanitsa pakati pa mbali ya kulankhula, ophunzira sakumvetsa ntchito malamulo kalembedwe. Choncho, kukhala munthu Ndiphunzitse mosadziwa ndizosowa kafukufuku wakapangidwe kazachilengedwe, sikutheka.

Kuchotserapo kuti lamulo limeneli ndi pamene mawu popanda tinthu si ntchito:

• Kirillov, kudana mzinda yachilendo palibe aliyense amene anali mtengo, zonse chete. M'dzikoli, disliking surly mnansi, kupewedwa iye. chimodzi chokha ozama Anna S., anakwiya kupusa kwa anthu, alendo akanatha kuwona wabwino, koma munthu osakondwa.

Muyenera kukumbukira kuti manambala oyambirira ndi chizindikiro cha kulemba kumvetsa zinaphatikizidwa:

• Atate, kusagona tulo, tsiku lililonse akugwira ntchito yake kafukufuku. Koma anapeza kwenikweni anapanga, chabe nedoglyadev mwana, mwangozi anakhetsa reagents pa tebulo.

Zichiwembu zosavuta, pa Koyamba, orfogrammy "kalembedwe si ndi gerunds," ndi pamaso pa mitundu homonymous. Mawu ofanana mu zomveka chinenero Russian ndi lexical tanthauzo losiyana.

Mwachitsanzo, gerunds "njala" ndipo "osati kumaliza" zinalembedwa mosiyana.

Tiyeni yerekezerani:

• Mary, nthawi zonse, osati kumaliza (sadya mpaka mapeto a) kadzutsa awo, woyamba amapita ku ntchito.
• Pa nthawi ya nkhondo, anthu ankakhala, njala (anadya pang'ono, zakudya m'thupi) miyezi.

Kuganizira kulemba mosamalitsa osiyana osati ndi gerunds, anthu ambiri asiye prepositions otumphukira ndi adverbs.

Aurally osiyana gerunds mzake ndi zichokera kwa iwo mbali ya kulankhula - ". OSATI ndi gerunds" vuto lalikulu kwa ophunzira kuphunzira phunziro

Zitsanzo za milandu yovuta kalembedwe:

• Ngakhale (gerund) mayi anga diso, Andrew analankhula za chinsinsi chake.
• Ngakhale (anachokera chowiringula) chisangalalo wake, analankhula ndi ulemu.
• Mosazengereza (gerund) miniti, tinapita ku Moscow.
• Agogowo yomweyo (adverb)!

Pofuna kuti amalakwitsa, muyenera kudziwa mbali kalembedwe mbali imeneyi ya kulankhula ndi kupempha pansi, funso molondola. Ngati tili gerund, ndiye n'zotheka kufunsa mafunso ( "kuchita chiyani?" Ndipo "Kodi ndichite chiyani?").

Komanso, gawo ili la mawu n'zosavuta kuwasandutsa mneni imene inakhalapo. Tanthauzo ichi cha chiganizocho sasintha.

prepositions otumphukira yopanda phindu palokha. ntchito yawo ndi kufotokoza syntactic malingana mbali mwadzina wa kulankhula mawu ena. Pepani motero amakhalabe funso yankho:

• Ngakhale (chiyani?) Mavuto The ife mokwanira athane ndi ntchitoyo.

Chilankhulo kwambiri limaimira mneni, monga chizindikiro anam'patsa zochita.

Mwa njira, kulabadira mawu a "monyinyirika". chilankhulo Izi wataya kukhudza ndi wake mbisoweka ku chinenero cha makolo awo - gerund "ngakhale kuti" nthawi zonse zinalembedwa pamodzi:

• Tsonga mpaka usiku, alendo (motani?) Monyinyirika anayamba kubalalika.

Mwamwayi, mawu amene mukhoza kulakwitsa kusokoneza iwo ndi gerunds, mu chinenero chamakono Russian si kwambiri. Kumbukirani ena homonymous mawu awiriawiri, ophunzira sachedwa kuphunzira orfogrammy "OSATI ndi gerunds."