"October 19 ...", Pushkin: kusanthula ndimeyi

Palibe mchitidwe wotsutsana, ndipo palibe abwenzi okhaokha. Choipa ndi chachilendo kuchepetsa ndi kubereka anthu: wina kwa kanthaŵi kochepa, ndi wina wabwino. Koma nthawi zina pamakhala misonkhano yambiri imene mukufunikira kuti muzisangalala nayo chifukwa cha zinthu zamtengo wapatali. Nthano ya "Oktoba 19" (Pushkin), yomwe kufufuza kwake kudzaperekedwa mu ndemanga, imanena chimodzimodzi ichi.

Analysis Plan

Pamene ndakatulo sankatha kupita ku msonkhano wa ophunzira a lyceum, ndipo ndakatulo ya "October 19" (Pushkin) inalengedwa. Kufufuza ntchitoyi kudzakhala kosavuta kulemba, kukhala ndi dongosolo lalifupi pamaso panu:

1. Zida za zomwe zili. Panthawi imeneyi ndikofunika kulemba zonse zomwe zikugwirizana ndi ndakatulo ndi wolemba. Izi zikutanthauza: ndi liti, liti, ndi ndani amene analemba vesili. Mu mtundu wanji, mutu wake ndi chiyani, lingaliro, lingaliro lalikulu. N'kofunikanso kumvetsera mwachidwi pamtima komanso msilikali wamakono.
2. Fomu. Mu ndime iyi nkofunikira kuphatikiza chilichonse chokhudzana ndi stylistics, rhyme ndi rhythm.
3. Mchitidwe wa zithunzi. Chinthu chofunika ndikutanthauzira ndi "kukumbukira" mafano. Mwachitsanzo, ngati tikamba za Pushkin, ndiye kuti ndakatulo yake ya tsiku lopweteka imapweteka, ndipo nthawi imodzimodziyo ndi chimwemwe chokumana.

Awa ndi mfundo zazikulu zomwe muyenera kuziganizira, pamene mukuwerenga ndime ya "October 19" (Pushkin).

Nyimbo za Pushkin

Ndondomeko iliyonse ya ndakatulo ndizopambana. Ndipo chirichonse chazochita zake ndizosiyana, zovuta zovuta zomwe zonse zimafunika: kuchokera kufotokozera nyengo ndi mawu omwe akulemba. Nthawi zambiri mu ndakatulo zake kufotokozera zachilengedwe kumagwirizana ndi chikhalidwe chauzimu cha protagonist. Ntchito zake zonse zimakhala ndi zithunzi zofunikira, zomwe zimakhala ndi nkhani zina. "Ubwenzi", "kudzipereka", "moyo", "imfa", "chikondi", "ufulu" sizinthu izi, koma mau ena ambiri mu ndakatulo ali ndi mitundu yosiyanasiyana komanso tanthauzo. Mu ndakatulo za Pushkin n'zovuta kufotokozera mutu umodzi, chifukwa ntchitoyi ikuimira symbiosis ya mfundo zingapo zofunika. Pachifukwa ichi, ndakatulo ya "Oktoba 19" (Pushkin), yomwe kufufuza kwake kudzaperekedwa pansipa, ndi yosiyana. Pano mutu wa ubwenzi wautali, ubwenzi wokhulupirika ndi zochepa zomwe zikutsutsana ndi ziwonetsero zikufotokozedwa bwino.

Zonsezi zinayamba bwanji?

Kufufuza kwa ndakatulo "Oktoba 19" (Pushkin) malingana ndi ndondomeko yabwino kuyambira ndi mbiri yakale. Makamaka, ndi chidziwitso choyambitsa choyambirira cha ntchitoyi.

Monga momwe akudziwira kuchokera ku biography ya ndakatulo, mu 1811 (19.10) Tsarskoye Selo Lyceum anatsegulidwa , pamene Pushkin anaphunzira. Pa maphunziro ake, anthu 28 anaphunzira, ndipo iyi inali yoyamba kumasulidwa kwa sukuluyi. Ena mwa ophunzirawo anali anthu, omwe adakhudza kwambiri chitukuko cha chikhalidwe ndi sayansi m'dzikoli. Pushchin, Delvig, Kiichelbecker, Matyushkin, Gorchakov, Yakovlev - mainawa alembedwa m'mbiri.

Kumapeto kwa sukulu, ophunzira onse adakonzekera za msonkhano wa pachaka tsiku la kutsegulidwa kwa Lyceum, pa October 19. Palibe amene anasintha mwambo uwu, koma zochitikazo ndi zosiyana, ndipo gulu la omaliza maphunziro pang'onopang'ono anayamba kufooka. Patsiku laja la 1825, Pushkin sakanatha kulemekeza anzawoyo chifukwa cha kukhalapo kwake, popeza anali ku ukapolo. Anagwidwa chisoni ponena za zovuta zake ndipo analemba vesi ndi mutu wakuti "Oktoba 19" ngati chigoba choyanjana ndi chikhalidwe.

Zamkatimu

Pokumbukira ndakatulo ya "Oktoba 19" (Pushkin), kusanthula ndondomekoyi kungayambike polemba mwachidule ntchito (makamaka kwa omwe sanavutike kuwerenga). Monga tanena kale, malingaliro a umunthu mu ndakatulo ya Pushkin yolemba ndakatulo nthawi zonse imakhudzana ndi nthawi ya chaka.

Ntchitoyi imayamba ndi kufotokozera malo osungunuka a autumn, omwe amatsindika mwakuya chisoni, kupsinjika ndi kusungulumwa kwa mlembi, yemwe amayesa kusintha maganizo ake ndi kapu ya vinyo kwa anzake a kusukulu. Chisoni chake chimawonjezeka pamene akukumbukira omwe adafa popanda kuyembekezera msonkhano uno ndi iwo omwe ali kumapeto ena a dziko lapansi. Komano wolembayo akuyimba ubwenzi wopatulika umene umagwirizanitsa anzanu a kusukulu kosatha, zomwe palibe chomwe chingathe kuwononga.

Pushkin akukumbukira kuti "abwenzi" ake atsopano sanali "enieni". Ndipo okalamba okhawo omwe anali nawo m'kalasi nthawi zonse ankakhala "akugwirizanitsa" ndipo ankamuchezera nthawi iliyonse. Kuwonjezera apo, maganizo ake akuwonekera ndi chiyembekezo chosatheka, amalonjeza, akulosera kuti adzakumana ndi anzathu chaka chimodzi. Pomalizira, wolemba ndakatuloyo akuitana kuti asangalale, pamene aliyense ali pamodzi, ndipo panthawi imodzimodzi, akumva chisoni ndi zomwe zidzachitikire wopulumuka womaliza wa lyceum.

Kupereka kwa ubwenzi

"Oktoba 19" (1825, Pushkin) ndi vesi, kufotokozera kumeneku kumaphatikizapo chikhalidwe chachikulu, chomwe chimapereka ulemu kwa anzanu a kusukulu. "Okondedwa anga, mgwirizano wathu ndi wokongola!" Cholinga ichi chikukamba pazinthu zonse: kudzipereka kwa mawu a munthu, kukhulupirika kwa anzanu, ndi ubwenzi wapamtima wauzimu womwe watetezedwa kwa zaka zambiri. Kuyankhula kwachinsinsi kwa ntchito ndi chisonyezo cha kusungulumwa. Tsiku lomwe abwenzi onse amasonkhana pamodzi, amakumana limodzi. Koma sakunena za kusungulumwa kwake monga chikhalitso cha moyo wosatha, koma ngati chinthu chokhalitsa.

Pushkin amakhulupirira mu ubwenzi ndi comradeship, iye ndi wotsimikiza kuti palibe chinthu china chamoyo chomwe chili chamtengo wapatali kuposa abwenzi. Ndipo tiyeni ndakatulo ikhale ndi khalidwe lachisoni, palibe malo okhumudwa, chifukwa pali chiyembekezo choyamba chogonjetsa pano.

Maonekedwe a Fomu

Kotero, Alexander Sergeevich Pushkin, "October 19, 1825". Kufufuza kwa ntchito kuyenera kupitilizidwa ndi kufotokoza kwa stylistics ndi tanthauzo la mawonekedwe oyambirira. Pano, nyimbo yosiyana ya iambs yachitsulo imatha kuonekera bwino. Nthano yake imayang'aniridwa ndi zilembo zovuta komanso zolembeka, zomwe zimagwirizana. Njira imeneyi imapindulitsa ntchitoyi ndi zolemba zambiri komanso zofananitsa.

Mbali ina ya ndakatulo ndi mankhwala. Mwa iwo mawu oti "bwenzi" ndiwo ofunika, ndipo malingana ndi momwe "mnzanu" akugwiritsira ntchito mawu oti "m'bale". Mwachitsanzo, "m'bale wa nyumba yosungirako zinthu zakale."

Mwachidule ndi mophweka

Wolemba m'mbuyo wamtima anatsindika zofuula komanso ziganizo. Mwachitsanzo, mukhoza kukumbukira ndondomeko yachitatu: "Ndani sanasonyeze? Pakati pathu palibenso wina? "Chifukwa cha njira imeneyi, zolankhula za wolembazo zimakhala zokambirana zosavuta, zomwe zimawonekera bwino kwa onse olemekezeka ndi olemera.

Nthano ya "Oktoba 19" (Pushkin), yomwe kufufuza kwake sizongowonjezera nyimbo yokha, ndi kosavuta kulemba. Pambuyo pake, aliyense ali ndi chinachake choti anene za izi.

Kwa Pushkin, abwenzi ake onse anali. Ngakhale iye anafera mmanja mwawo, osati kwa abale ake. Ubwenzi wolimba unabadwa ndipo unalimbikitsidwa m'makoma a sukulu, ndipo zaka zomwe adakhala pano zinali zapadera ndi zosaiŵalika. Icho chinali apa pomwe taluso ya ndakatuloyo inayamba kuwonetsera, apa iye anaphunzitsidwa kuganiza mozama ndi kupeza mayankho ake omwe.

Epilogue

Kotero, ife tinaphwanya ntchitoyi "October 19" (Pushkin). Kufufuza, mwachidule, kumatithandiza kuti titsimikizire motere: ndakatulo ikuyamika anthu omwe asunga ulemu, ulemu ndi ulemu. Amene akukumbukira, amakhulupirira ndikuyembekezera msonkhano. Ndipo chifukwa cha "wina" wolemba ndakatuloyo amayamika aliyense amene anathandiza pa msonkhano wa mabwenzi enieni. Chikondi cha mtima ndi malingaliro apamwamba afilosofi, okonzedwa ndi kukhudzidwa ndi chisangalalo ndichisoni, okongoletsedwa ndi chiwonongeko ndi chotupitsa chofunika kwambiri: "Okondedwa anga, mgwirizano wathu ndi wodabwitsa! Choncho tiyeni timwe, chifukwa tonse tiri pano! "Izi ndizo choonadi chomwe chili chovuta kupeza mu ndakatulo.

Ndipo musaiwale uthenga wotsiriza wa wolemba ndakatulo wamkulu, umene adaitanira kukumbukira misonkhano yowakomera. Pushkin ndikutsimikiza kuti zilibe kanthu momwe chiwonongeko cha abwenzi ake chimakula, panthawi yachisoni ndi kukhumudwa ndiyenera kukumbukira nthawi yomwe takhala pamodzi - "chisangalalo chosaneneka". Chifukwa chazikumbukiro izi, adakhala tsiku losungulumwa "popanda chisoni ndi chisamaliro", zomwe amathokoza abwenzi ake.