Nyanja ya Okhotsk: chuma, maonekedwe, malo ake apadera

Nyanja ya Okhotsk, chuma zomwe ndi zofunika boma - imodzi mwa nyanja yaikulu a Pacific. Ili ku gombe la Asia. Iwo ndi wosiyana nyanja ndi pa Kamchatka Peninsula ndi zilumba - Hokkaido, kum'mawa gombe la Sakhalin ndi Kuril m'mayiko unyolo.

Dziwani kuti nyanja imatengedwa kuti ndi ozizira a yonse inali ku Asia. Ngakhale chilimwe kutentha pa zilibe upambana madigiri 18 kum'mwera ndi kumpoto kum'mawa, thermometer limasonyeza madigiri 10 - kuchuluka pazipita.

Kufotokoza mwa chidule za nyanja ya Okhotsk

Ndi ozizira ndi amphamvu. Okhotsk Nyanja amatsuka kugombe la Japan ndi Russia. Malinga ndi mawonekedwe ake akufanana mwachizolowezi trapezoid madzi. Nyanja umachokera ku chakumadzulo kumpoto chakumadzulo. Kutalika kwa pazipita 2.463 Km ndi munthu pazipita M'lifupi - 1,500 Km. Gombe kutalika kuposa 10 000 Km. Okhotsk Nyanja kuya (pazipita chizindikiro cha maganizo) pafupifupi 4000 Km. mosungiramo mtundu, pafupi m'mphepete mwa kulalikira, - losanganikirana.

ntchito chiphala chimafikira kwa onse pamwamba ndi pansi pa nyanja. Pamene madzi akubwera kayendedwe zivomerezi kapena kuphulika kwa phiri lomwe m'madzi, zingayambitse mafunde akuluakulu, kusefukira kwa madzi.

hydronym

Dzina la nyanja ya Okhotsk, chuma cha amene ntchito mu Boma zachuma a m'mayiko awiri (Russia ndi Japan), analandira dzina la Hunt Mtsinje. Malinga ndi magwero boma asanafike kulemekeza Lamsky ndi Kamchatka. Mu Japan, kwa nthawi yaitali kunyanja ankatchedwa "North". Koma chifukwa chisokonezo ndi wina wa dzina chomwecho dziwe, hydronym ndinazolowera ndipo anaitana nyanja ya Okhotsk.

Phindu la nyanja ya Okhotsk ku Russia

Izo sizingakhoze n'kofunika kwambiri. Kuyambira 2014 Okhotsk Sea amatanthauza kumtunda madzi la Russia. boma amapezerapo mwayi wonse wa zinthu zake. Choyamba, ndi zofunika zazikulu za mitundu nsomba. Iwo chum, sockeye, chinook ndi anthu ena a m'banja. Apa kupanga caviar limayendetsa, amene ofunika kwambiri zokwanira. Nzosadabwitsa Russia ndi chimodzi mwa ogulitsa zikuluzikulu mankhwala.

Mavuto a nyanja ya Okhotsk Komabe, monga matupi zina za madzi, zachititsa kuti kuchepetsa kwambiri anthu. Ndi chifukwa chake boma anali kuchepetsa nsomba. Ndipo si monga nsomba banja, koma mitundu komanso zina monga hering'i, fulonda, nsomba za khodi.

makampani

Russia yapindula kwambiri mu chitukuko cha mafakitale m'mphepete mwa nyanja ya Okhotsk. Choyamba, ndi sitima ndipo, ndithudi, mafakitale processing nsomba. madera awiri awa akhala akweza zaka 90 ndipo tsopano kwambiri kuti chitukuko chuma cha boma. Lero pano pali makampani ambiri malonda.

Makampani komanso pa amamudziwa otukuka. Sakhalin. Poyambirira, mu nthawi lachifumu, zazindikirika zoipa, chifukwa anali ngati malo limasonyeza zokayikitsa ulamuliro anthu. Tsopano zinthu zasintha kopambana. Makampani ndi yamphamvu, anthu akufuna kubwera kuno, kupeza ndalama zambiri.

Kamchatka mabizinezi processing nsomba mu dziko msika. mankhwala awo wofunika kwambiri kunja. Iwo likukwaniritsa mfundo ndi chotchuka kwambiri m'mayiko ambiri.

Chifukwa mafuta ndi gasi minda, Russia ali ndi okhawo mderali. Palibe boma kuti akhoza ntchito kupereka mabuku chomwecho kwa Europe mafuta ndi gasi. N'chifukwa chake mabizinezi padera ndalama zambiri ku chuma mwayekha.

zilumba

Mu Nyanja ya Okhotsk zisumbu zazing'ono, yaikulu ya iwo - Sakhalin. mwanyanja ake ndi sanali yunifolomu: kumpoto-kum'mawa pali m'zigwa, kum'mwera chakum'mawa pang'ono kukwezeka pamwamba pa nyanja, ili kumadzulo gombe.

chidwi chifukwa Islands Kuril. Mu kukula ang'ono, lalikulu, pali pafupifupi 30, koma pali komanso ang'onoang'ono. Pamodzi kupanga zivomerezi zone - lalikulu pa dziko. Pa Kuriles pafupifupi 100 mapiri. Komanso 30 a iwo yogwira: iwo nthawi zonse "chimwemwe" nyanja ya Okhotsk.

Resources Shantar Islands - apanyanja Zisindikizo. Apa pali ndende wamkulu wa mtundu. Komabe, posachedwapa zonse kupangidwa, pofuna kupewa okwana chiwonongeko.

Magombe

mwanyanja ndi indented ndi dziwe pang'ono, ngakhale kuti ali ndi kutalika kwambiri. Magombe ndi coves m'dera pafupifupi palibe. Pool Okhotsk Nyanja lagawidwa mabeseni atatu: Kuril, TINRO Deriugina ndi maganizo.

. The gulfs yaikulu: Sakhalin, Tugursky, Shelikhov, etc. Komanso, pali ena mlomo - mabala kwambiri mu kumalo dziko kuti apange ku chigwa cha mitsinje ikuluikulu. Ena mwa iwo ndi Penzhinskaya, Gizhiginskaya, Uda, Tauisk. Chifukwa Magombe ndi kuwombola madzi akupezeka nyanja. Ndipo pa nthawiyo, asayansi amanena pa funso limeneli mabvuto ndithu.

m'mavuto

Iwo ali mbali ya Okhotsk beseni. Ichi ndi chinthu chofunika, zomwe zikugwirizana ndi mosungiramo ndi nyanja ya Japan, ndi Pacific Ocean. Komanso, pali otsika ndi osaya m'mavuto: La Perouse ndi Nevelsk. Iwo alibe udindo wapadera, monga laling'ono mokwanira. Koma Krusenstern Khwalala ndi Bussol yodziwika ndi malo aakulu, ndi kuzama ake pazipita ukufika mamita 500. Mu njira zambiri zonse amenewa la nyanja ya Okhotsk.

Pansi ndi mwanyanja

Kuya kwa nyanja ya Okhotsk neodnoobrazny. Pa mbali ya Sakhalin ndi kumtunda ankaimira osaya pansi - mbali ya gawo Asian m'dzikoli. m'lifupi ndi pafupifupi 100 Km. Otsala a pansi (70%) ukufanizidwa ndi otsetsereka chokhala. Near Islands Kuril, pafupi pafupi. Iturup akudwala maganizo. Pa nthawi imeneyi, nyanja ya Okhotsk kufika akuya mamita 2500. Pansi pa dziwe ndi awiri lalikulu mpumulo lalitali malo ndi maina m'malo pachiyambi: Rise wa Institute Oceanology ndi Academy of Sciences wa USSR.

Gombe la nyanja ya Okhotsk amatanthauza zosiyanasiyana geomorphological. Ambiri a iwo - mkulu ndi kunkakhala. Only dera la kumadzulo kwa Kamchatka ndi kum'mawa. Sakhalin bodza mu otsika lapansi. Koma gombe kumpoto zambiri indented.

kuwombola madzi

Kumtunda paulimi yaing'ono. Izi zimachitika chifukwa chakuti mitsinje onse kukasonkhana ku nyanja ya Okhotsk, musati amasiyana olemera ndi yofunika kusewera sindingakhoze. Zofunika kwambiri ndi mtsinje. Cupid, izo crouches pa iye oposa theka la okwana chizindikiro zinyalala. Pali ena mitsinje ndi lalikulu. Iwo Kusaka, Uda, Large, Penzhina.

Hydrology

Madzi si kwathunthu zii ngati amenewa la nyanja ya Okhotsk ndi mkulu mokwanira. Kodi 32-34 ppm. Iwo amachepetsa kuyandikira ku gombe, kufika msinkhu wa 30 ‰, ndi wapakatikati wosanjikiza - 34 ‰.

Ambiri a gawo ali ndi akuyandama oundana m'nyengo yozizira. The pazipita otsika kutentha madzi pa nyengo yozizira, ranges kuchokera 1 mpaka 2 madigiri. Chilimwe kuya nyanja analimbikitsa kuti 10-18ºC.

Choona chidwi n'chakuti pa akuya mamita 100 ndi wosanjikiza wapakatikati wa madzi, amene kutentha sasintha mwa chaka ndi 1,7 ° C pansi pa ziro.

nyengo Features

Nyanja ya Okhotsk lili M'madera a zitunda kotentha. Zimenezi ali ndi chikoka chachikulu pa Chile, kupereka chakum'mawa kwa nyengo. Mu gawo ozizira chaka m'dera la madzi ukulamulira Aleutian Low. Kwakukulukulu amakhudza mphepo kumpoto, kuchititsa mkuntho mikuntho kuti anapitiriza lonse yozizira.

M'miyezi yotentha, ku Chile kubwera ofooka southeasterly mphepo. Chifukwa iwo kumadalira kutentha. Koma iwo anabwera ndi zowononga, amene kenako kupanga chimphepo. Kutalika oterowo mkuntho akhoza kukhala pakati pa masiku 5 mpaka 8.

Nyanja ya Okhotsk: Resources

Pa iwo Tikambirana zina. Amadziwika kuti zachilengedwe la nyanja ya Okhotsk akadali bwino kufufuza. The lofunika kwambiri ndi nyanja ndi ake nkhokwe alumali hydrocarbon. Today lotseguka 7 minda mafuta mu Sakhalin, Kamchatka, Magadan ndi Khabarovsk Krai likulu. Kukhala madipoziti zinayamba mu 70s lapansi. Komabe, kuwonjezera mafuta, chuma chachikulu cha Nyanja ya Okhotsk - nyama ndi zomera. Iwo yodziwika ndi kuchuluka kwambiri. Chifukwa pali zambiri anayamba nsomba. Mu Nyanja ya Okhotsk zimapezeka mitundu chidali cha nsomba. Mu kuya kwa nyamayi Tingafinye, ndi muphe nkhanu dziwe ndi pamalo oyamba mu dziko. Posachedwapa, zinthu kupanga kukhala okhwima ndi woopsa. Nayikapo yosaloledwa muphe nsomba zina.

Mu madzi kumpoto kwa nyanja anthu zisindikizo ubweya, zinsomba, zisindikizo. Kugwira nthumwi izi za mdziko nyama koletsedwa. Mu nthawi zapitazo, ayamba kutchuka nsomba - kugwira urchins nyanja ndi molluscs. Ya zomera ndi zofunika osiyanasiyana algae. Akulankhula za ntchito za m'nyanja, ndi Dziwani kufunika kwake mu gawo zoyendera. Ndi chofunika kwambiri. Apa amakwiriridwa maulendo zofunika nyanja malonda kulumikiza m'mizinda ikuluikulu Korsakov (Sakhalin), Magadan, Okhotsk ndi ena.

mavuto a zachilengedwe

Nyanja ya Okhotsk, komanso madzi ena a m'nyanja, akudwala zochita za anthu. Apa atathana mavuto a zachilengedwe mu mawonekedwe a otaya mankhwala mafuta ndi kugwirizana mpweya yotsalira. Ndi mabvuto ndithu zinyalala mafakitale ndi oyang'anira tauni mabizinezi.

Uwononge zone m'mphepete mwa nyanja kuyambira chiyambi cha chitukuko cha minda woyamba zikawonongeka, koma pamaso pa mapeto a 80s analibe zamitundu lalikulu. Tsopano anthropogenic zochita za anthu wafika mfundo yovuta ndipo amafuna kusamvana yomweyo. Ndende apamwamba zinyalala ndi kuipitsa anaikira kuchokera Sakhalin. Izi zili choncho makamaka chifukwa cha madipoziti wachuma wa mafuta.