Ntchito za Sholokhov. Mndandanda wa mabuku otchuka

Kodi njira yolemba ya wolembayo ndi yophweka? Pambuyo pake, wolemba wina wamkulu wamkulu anayamba ndi chinachake, anagonjetsedwa. What is known about Mikhail Sholokhov? Ntchitozi, zomwe mndandanda wawo udzawerengedwera m'nkhaniyi, zonsezi zikudzipereka ku zovuta za nkhondo, ku mbiri yakale.

Ntchito za Sholokhov. Nthawizonse za za muyaya

Nkhondo yapachiweniweni ya 1917 inagwira Mikhail Sholokhov adakali wamng'ono ndipo anasiya zolemba zosaiwalika pa ntchito yake. Iye anabadwa mu 1905 m'banja la Don Cossacks. Koma pa nthawi ya kusintha kwake adalowa mu Reds. Ndipo magulu onse a nkhondo omwe mudzi wawo anali nawo, pambuyo pake anawonekera mu buku lake lalikulu "Quiet Flows a Don."

Mayi Mikhail atabwera kukaphunzira mumzindawu ndikudziwana ndi olemba a bwalo la "Young Guard", anayamba kupanga zolembera zoyambirira, zomwe zinayesedwa ngati ntchito yamaluso. Nkhani yoyamba inalembedwa m'nyuzipepala ya Moscow mu 1924. Ankatchedwa "Mole". Nkhani zina zowerengera za moyo wa Cossack zinaikidwa m'gulu loyamba la olemba - Don's Stories.

Sholokhov, pokhala ndi zolemba zatsopano, nthawi zonse ankatsogoleredwa ndi ulamuliro - kulemba chokha chowonadi. Zambiri mwa mabuku ake ndizofotokozera mwatsatanetsatane nkhani. Pa Nkhondo Yachikristu, wolembayo anali wolemba nyuzipepala. Anafalitsa anthu ovutika omwe adawona m'nyuzipepala yosatha "Anamenyera nkhondo amayi awo", komanso m'nkhani yakuti "Tsogolo la Munthu". Nkhaniyi inali ya Soviet Russia kulengeza kwenikweni za ubwino ndi umunthu, ngakhale mavuto onse a moyo wa pambuyo pa nkhondo.

Buku lodziwika ndi dziko. Mphoto ya Nobel

Pa ntchito yotchuka kwambiri - buku lolemba buku la "Quiet Flows Don" - wolemba anayamba kugwira ntchito ali ndi zaka 22. Ndipo buku loyamba linali lokonzekera kale mu 1927. Yachiŵiri yomwe anaipereka kwa osindikiza mabuku mu 1928. Taluso yake inakhudza mitima ya onse owerenga Soviet ndi alendo.

Mabuku a Mikhail Sholokhov adayesedwa mu 1965, adapatsidwa mpukutu wakuti "Quiet Flows Don" ndi mphoto yomwe adaipidwa kwambiri - wolembayo adasanduka Nobel Prize laureate. Kuzindikiridwa kuli ndi bukhu lokha osati ntchito yeniyeni, ndi zilembo zamoyo za zolembazo ndi nkhani yochititsa chidwi yambiri, komanso monga mbiri yakale yomwe ili ndi maziko ake akuphunzira mwakuya za mbiri yeniyeni.

Mikhail Sholokhov: ntchito. Mndandanda wa wotchuka kwambiri

Koma mabuku ake ena ndi oyenerera kuzindikira. Ntchito zonse za Sholokhov, zomwe mndandanda wawo sizowonongeka, zimayenera kukhala ndi udindo wapamwamba, monga munthu wa mphamvu yowunikiridwa, malingaliro abwino ogwira ntchito pa iwo. Iye anatha kuwonetsa chinthu chachikulu - mphamvu ndi kukongola kwa umunthu, ndi kusasinthika kwa chiwonongeko pakati pa zoopsa za m'mbuyomu.

Pa ntchito ya "Quiet Don" Sholokhov anayamba kulemba buku lachiwiri. Komanso yaikulu komanso ndi zolemba zambiri. Bukhu lotchedwa "Virgin Soil Upturned" ndi buku lofotokoza zochitika za collectivization. Ikuwonetsera nthawi za ziwembu ndi imfa zomwe zimagwirizana ndi kusiyana kwa mawonedwe.

Buku lotsatira la mbiri yakale linali loti likhale buku "Iwo adamenyera Amayi awo." Koma, mwatsoka, wolembayo analibe nthawi yomaliza; Anamwalira mu 1984 mumzinda umodzi wa Veshenskaya, kumene anabadwira.

Mndandanda wa ntchito za Sholokhov ndi zaka

Kulimbika kwakukulu kwa wolembayo kunadziwonetsera yekha kuti mabuku ake anafalitsidwa nthawi zonse, ndipo palibe mavuto, ngakhale nkhondo, yomwe inamukakamiza kuti asiye ntchito yake pa prose. Ndi ntchito zina ziti za Sholokhov zilipo? Mndandanda wawo uli pansipa. Zonsezi zinakhala zolemba zambiri za mabuku a Russian ndi a padziko lapansi.

• 1923 - zolemba m'nyuzipepala.
• 1924 - "nkhani za Don".
• 1924 - chosonkhanitsa "Lazarevaya steppe". Zinaphatikizapo nkhani ngati izi: "Kolovert", "Prodkomissar."
• 1928 - 2 voliyumu ya "Quiet Don" inasindikizidwa kamodzi.
• 1932 - 3 voliyumu "Kukhazikika Kumayenda Don" ndi 1 buku la "Virgin Soil Upturned".
• 1940 - mabuku 4 omalizira. Mbiri yonse "Chidziwitso Chakuyenda Don" inamasuliridwa m'zinenero zambiri za ku Ulaya ndi ku Oriental.
• 1942 - Machaputala angapo ochokera m'buku lakuti "Anamenyera Amayi awo" adasindikizidwa.
• "Mau a Motherland" ndi nkhani.
• "Sayansi ya udani" ndi nkhani yosindikizidwa mu July 1942.
• 1956 - Fate of Man.
• 1956 - 2 buku la "Virgin Soil Upturned".

Monga mukuonera, ntchito za Sholokhov, zomwe mndandanda wake sizong'ono, ndizo mbiri yakale. Koma panthawi imodzimodziyo, amawonetsa malingaliro ndi kumverera kwa ankhondo, njira ya moyo wa Cossacks a nthawi imeneyo, ndi nzeru za mbali zonse zotsutsana za mkangano. Sholokhov analidi waluso. Anakaika zipilala m'mabuku ambiri a ku Russia komanso mumzinda wake, womwe uli m'chigawo cha Rostov.

Kuphatikiza pa mphoto ya Nobel, analandira Lenin (mu 1960) ndi Stalin pa 1 degree mu 1941. Anaperekedwanso mphoto ya "Sofia", yomwe inaperekedwa kuti apereke olemba a ku Asia - "Lotus" ndi mphoto ya World Peace Council mu chikhalidwe.

Sholokhov's Shielded Works: Mndandanda

Mabuku ndi odabwitsa! Koma moyo umapitirira monga momwemo. Pogwiritsa ntchito mafilimu, mafilimu ambiri a Sholokhov anali ojambula ndi kujambulidwa, ndipo mndandanda wa mafilimu okhudzana ndi mabuku a wolembawo ndi waukulu. Chithunzi cha mavoti 4 a "Quiet Don" ya "buku" anawomberedwa kwambiri ndi Sergei Gerasimovich mu 1958, atalandira mphoto zingapo pa ntchitoyi.

"Mosfilm" adawonetsa filimu yofotokoza nkhani yakuti "Tsoka la Munthu", mu 1961 nkhani "Nahalenok" idasindikizidwa, mu 1963 filimuyi "Pamene Cossacks akulira" adawomberedwa, ndipo mu 2005 - filimu yaifupi The Colt. Mwina m'tsogolomu adzaonedwa ntchito zina ndi Sholokhov. Mndandanda wa ntchito zake umapangitsa olemba atsopano. Ntchito zake zonse ndi mabuku asanu ndi atatu.