Nsomba kudya nsomba. Kodi ndi mmene kudyetsa nsomba m'nyanja?

lathuli ndi anthu oimira chodabwitsa cha zinyama, omwe ali ndi makhalidwe yake yapadera. Ife tikudziwa kwambiri za iwo: Mwachitsanzo, koala si kumwa madzi, mphaka kuwona bwino mumdima, ndi Dolphins ndi nzeru pafupifupi anthu. Ndipo tikudziwa zotani za nsomba, koma kuti pali ntchito chakudya, ndipo pali onse inedible ndipo ngakhale chakupha?

M'nkhaniyi, ife tinena za anthu zodabwitsa za muyeso m'madzi, ndi zipsepse: za miyoyo yawo mu kuya, zizoloŵezi zimene nsomba kudya, malingana ndi malo omwe amakhala.

Mudzaona dziko osadziwika wa ufumu m'madzi, kumene si zonse ndi bata ndi mtendere ngati zikuoneka pa koyamba. Mwachitsanzo, mu madzi moyo nsomba, kudya nsomba ndi nyama zing'onozing'ono. Palinso rybolyuby-mbalame ndi nyama si mantha kudya chakudya mwatsopano kugwidwa.

Aliyense menyu yake

Ndi chikhalidwe cha khalidwe ndi kudya zizolowezi za nsomba anawagawa makamaka pa zolusa ndi mtendere. Zolusa - ndi nsomba nsomba kudya, ndi zina ankangomva chakudya osiyana. Iwo loopsa kwambiri nsomba zamasamba, makamaka kukula ang'onoang'ono.

Mtendere, mudzachitira zamiyendo Inayi, benthophages ndi zomera. Mwachidule, ndi nsomba kudya algae.

Zamiyendo Inayi zimawononga timayandama yekha, mwa kulankhula kwina - akuyandama algae. Benthophages - nsomba kudya algae kukula kuzama (otchedwa phytobenthos) ndi tinthu organic. Planktophages amakonda zooplankton ndipo si mantha zamoyo zokhala ndi selo imodzi zokhala mu mtsinje.

Komanso, pali omnivores euryphages - nsomba kudya nsomba, algae ndi invertebrates yaing'ono. menyu awo ndi osiyanasiyana ambiri.

Alendowa mtsinje

Kuyang'ana pa mtsinje, tilibe maganizo kuchuluka kwa mitundu yonse ya zamoyo moyo pansi pamwamba madzi. M'dera lililonse amakhala ndi zake 'adzakhazikitsa "nsomba madzi oyera. Mwachitsanzo, mu mitsinje pa dera la Russia zimapezeka oimira monga Bersh, carp, dace, ruff, Nsombazi, mumapezeka nsomba, whitefish, Grayling.

Komanso madzi Russian angapezeke smelt, Pike, carp, bream, chub. Komanso, pali wokondedwa ndi anglers carp, minnows, carp, roach, rudd, tench, mlamba, burbot, nsomba. Ndipo ichi si mndandanda wa mitundu yonse.

Zimadya ogwirira mtsinje

The chakudya pa nsomba mu mtsinje? Aliyense ali ndi chakudya chawo. Mtsinje okhala menyu kumatengera zifukwa zambiri: mtundu wa pansi (mchenga kapena miyala), Seaweed, ndipo ngakhale ndi nyengo pa chaka.

Tiyeni tiyambe ndi ogwirira tingachipeze powerenga, monga nsomba, nsomba ndi kudya. Iwo Bersh, Nsombazi, mumapezeka nsomba, Pike, mlamba, njoka yam'madzi, mtsinje nsomba. Tiyeni tione iwo:

• Bersh wa Okuneva banja ndipo zikuwoneka zofanana kwambiri ndi nsomba za. Izi zolusa sukulu nsomba wakudya mwachangu wa roach ndi Rudd. Musazengereze kutenga minnows ang'ono ndi ruffs.
• Nsombazi wa banja la dzina chomwecho. Ichi ndi chilombo aukali kuti mungasangalale chakudya menyu chachikulu ndi "kuluma" chule. Mu ambiri mtsinje Nsombazi kumachitika kokha pamene iwo zimaswana. Izi zosamukasamuka nsomba ogwirira kudya osati madzi abwino, komanso mchere.
• Loach - nthumwi yaikulu kwambiri ya banja nsomba, amene ankaona chilombo chifukwa kwambiri amakonda nsomba caviar, wowawasa kirimu mu lalikulu zedi, potero kuchepetsa chiwerengero chawo mpaka itafika zoopsa. Komanso Amapezerapo Mwayi mumapezeka nsomba pa nsomba mwachangu.
• Pike - yekha woimira banja la dzina chomwecho. Ndi mwamakani kwambiri, voracious, zolusa munthu. The chakudya chakudya zimapezekanso ryboshki monga carp ndi roach. Komanso, Pike "kuvutika" kudya: nsomba ndi ogwirira kudya oimira ang'onoang'ono a mtundu wawo. The zosiyanasiyana menyu akhoza kupanga Pike ndi nyama zing'onozing'ono (mwachitsanzo, mbewa), anali mu madzi. Komanso Pike nyama angakhale ang'ono mbalame za m'madzi ana awo.
• Mlamba wa banja soms pa amadya ofanana Pike lapansi. Izo wakudya nsomba yaing'ono, ndipo waterfowl akhoza kuukira anapiye. oimira Large agwire mbalame zikuluzikulu, komanso akhoza kunyamula pa madzi kakang'ono galu kapena ng'ombe. Pali milandu pamene mlamba anaukira nkhunda kuti mosadziwa chikumujompha tirigu mphepete madzi. Izi "dyera" chakudya chifukwa chakuti izo wakudya yekha mu nyengo yofunda, ndipo m'nyengo yozizira njala.
• Burbot wa kuti m'nyanja zikuluzikulu. nsomba ndi ogwirira kusaka nyama usiku, ndipo musadye nsomba zokha, kuphatikizapo juveniles ngati okha, komanso kuvunda nyama ndi achule.
• Mtsinje nsomba ndi onse mlenje ndi nyama. Izo wakudya nsomba yaing'ono, ndipo iye ndi chakudya cha Pike ndi zander.

zamasamba m'madzi

Wamba mtsinje kuya - chabwinobwino nsomba kudya algae ndi timayandama, detritus. Timayandama - chomera zamoyo kakang'ono, limene ambiri padziko amatunga ndipo anasamukira mwa mtsinje.

Nthawi zambiri timayandama zosaoneka kwa apoyera, kotero anthu sindikupatsani mtengo. Ambiri a ife n'komwe za zamoyo izi tosaoneka ndi maso, koma - zochuluka zamasamba apanga zimene kudyetsa nsomba mu mtsinje. Zimenezi ndi zoona makamaka mitundu monga udzu carp, carp siliva ndi tench. Timaphunzira zambiri za iwo:

• Cupid - "nzika" za banja carp. Izo wakudya kokha masamba chakudya: matope, algae zosiyanasiyana ndi mabango. Akhozanso ntchito adalowetsedwa pamene chigumula cha lapadziko zomera mtsinje.
• Carp wa banja limodzi monga carp, ndipo wakonda tosaoneka algae ndi detritus. Carp pakamwa - mtundu wa "fyuluta chipangizo" chifukwa chimene nsomba zobiriwira madzi Zosefera, monga ngati mtsinje ukhondo.
• Lin - nsomba amangokhala kwambiri amakonda kukhala pafupi pansi kapena mu nkhalango kelp. Zoposa 60% ya zakudya zake tichipeza algae.

euryphages omnivorous

N'zochititsa chidwi kuti pafupifupi onse eni zipsepse ngati vegans mtendere kapena carnivores carnivores mu nyengo ya kukula yogwira ali omnivores. The chakudya pa nsomba mu mtsinje, amene wachinsinsi monga euryphages? Yankho lake ndi losavuta: pafupifupi chilichonse ameneyo m'kamwa. Izi ang'onoang'ono mtsinje zomera, nkhanu, molluscs, mogwirizana ndi ngakhale tizilombo! Izi ndi zowona makamaka ndi nyama. Kalori chakudya - ndi chinthu chofunika, imene nsomba kukula zosowa.

Zimadya tizilombo, "unyamata" sindiye kukhala ogwirira, ndi amene kudya algae ndi mwachangu si nthawi zonse kukula zamiyendo Inayi. Komabe, pali ena nsomba nawobe "omnivorous" moyo:

• Elec - "nzika" za banja carp. Ine kudya invertebrates moyo pansi, komanso zomera ndi tizilombo.
• Ruff wa banja Okuneva. Iye anali amazipanga adyera komanso amadya nthawi zonse. The zakudya waukulu ruff ndi - invertebrates, tizilombo ndi mphutsi yawo, mollusks yaing'ono, mazira nsomba ndi mitundu ina ya algae.
• Grayling - nthumwi ya banja la dzina chomwecho. Monga ruff, izo wakudya zooplankton, tizilombo mazira nsomba spawning.
• Smelt - omnivorous nsomba, zomwe sakubwerera kwa chakudya monga mazira ndi mwachangu nsomba zina, algae, zamoyo benthic.
• Carp - ndi lalikulu euryphage carp banja. Iye alibe m'mimba, kotero njala wake konse suzimitsidwa. nsomba adya mollusks, tizilombo mphutsi, zooplankton, tikukhala mu matope pansi.
• Bream ndi osiyana ndi nsomba zina zing'onozing'ono pakamwa kutsegula. Chifukwa cha zinthu izi anatomical ndi sangathe kuwaphunzira chakudya chachikulu, kotero okhutira ndi detritus, tizilombo yaing'ono ndi mphutsi.
• Mamba wa banja carp. Ana a nsomba wakudya tizilombo, zooplankton, nkhanu zing'onozing'ono. Atakula anthu ndi kusintha kwa "zolusa" zakudya. Pa mamba yomweyo alibe mano ndi kupeza nsomba zing'onozing'ono, zidzasintha iyo inagunda mchira. Iye sakubwerera, ndi tizilombo zikuluzikulu monga agulugufe, kafadala, dragonflies.
• Karas - mmodzi kwambiri woimira euryphages nsomba. chakudya ndi nkhanu, tizilombo mphutsi, molluscs, amatope, algae, benthic zomera, duckweed.
• Gudgeon - Chitsanzo cha benthophages. Izo wakudya zooplankton, tizilombo yaing'ono ndi molluscs, komanso osiyanasiyana nsomba caviar.
• Rudd - nsomba za banja carp. Ndi mtundu wa "litmus mayeso" kudziwa khalidwe la madzi - rudd moyo yekha mu madzi oyera. menyu ake tichipeza zanthete za zomera zosiyanasiyana za m'madzi, tizilombo ndi mphutsi yawo ndi mazira a mollusks, yomwe nsomba izi pa ziyangoyango za kakombo.
• Roach - izi wodzichepetsa chakudya nsomba za banja carp wakudya nkhanu ang'ono ndi amenewa, atombolombo mphutsi, bloodworms, algae ndi mbewu.

Kadyedwe kwa anthu a nyanza

Musaiwale kuti kuwonjezera pa mitsinje ndi nyanja pali zambiri zimene inunso mumakhala mitundu yonse ya nyama m'madzi: nkhono, achule, nsomba zazinkhanira. Mu malo amenewa amakhala Ozyornaya nsomba chakudya pa nkhanu zing'onozing'ono: Nsombazi, carp, udzu carp, tench, nsomba, utawaleza mumapezeka nsomba, carp, roach, whitefish ndi ide.

Nsomba moyo mu nyanja, ali ndi zakudya yosiyaniranapo kuposa mtsinjewo. Izi ndi chifukwa microclimate wapadera wa madzi. Mtsinje zolusa nsomba monga zizolowezi whitefish amadya amasiyana nyanja chifukwa chakuti zakudya ambiri a iwo, 60% tichipeza timayandama ndi algae.

The yaikulu komanso voracious chakudya Ozyornaya nsomba nkhanu zing'onozing'ono, timayandama ndi zooplankton - ndi carp. Ngati mtsinje ake "m'bale", iye sanatero adya, chifukwa nsomba popanda m'mimba ndi. Komanso, nkhanu ang'onoang'ono ambiri kudya bream.

Anthu a mchere nyanja

M'nyanja ndi lokhala ndi mitundu yonse ya oimira zomera, makamaka nsomba. Ngati mtsinje, ali mtendere ndi zolusa. The chakudya pa nsomba za m'nyanja? Chifukwa chakuti iwo lokhala ndi anthu ambiri mwa zamoyo zosiyanasiyana, m'madzi ozizira menyu wakufayo kuposa mtsinje awo "abale."

Ambiri nyanja "asuweni" mtsinje chipsyepsye kutsogolera njira mtendere wa moyo - mullet, hering'i, mullet, wofiira mullet ndi roach. Chifukwa "za"? Chifukwa nsomba kudya algae, nthawi zina amatha kudyera ngati yekha.

Menyu nsomba aukali, mosiyana ndi anthu abata kuya nyanja, zambiri zosiyanasiyana. The chakudya nsomba m'nyanja ogwirira? N'zochititsa chidwi kudziwa kuti chilombo ang'ono ndi zipsepse mwina kupanga zakudya za nsomba zikuluzikulu zimadya. Ambiri a m'munda - ndi nsomba ya makerele, nsomba, mlamba, fulonda, nsomba yam'nyanja yamchere, nsomba ya makerele, nsomba, nsomba, m'nyanja zikuluzikulu ndipo nsomba.

Kudya nsomba mtendere m'madzi

1. Mullet wa MULLETS banja. Ndi lofunika chakudya nsomba za kukula sing'anga, amene amadyetsa dentritom, nkhono ndi Seaweed, choncho ankaona kusintha dziko nyanja.
2. Hering'i - ndi "kudya" wa onse. chikondi chake mbalame, nyama zam'madzi , ndipo ife - pa anthu. Izo wakudya nkhanu ang'ono ndi zooplankton. Chachikulu oimira hering'i angathe kudya anthu, kudya ana a mtundu wawo.
3. Mullet ndi chimodzi mwa nsomba zambiri zokoma. chakudya chawo (zooplankton ndi Dentro), izo digs mwa m'dambo pansi.
4. Nsomba ndi dzina oseketsa mullet wakudya zamoyo yaing'ono benthic, ntchito tinyanga awo fumbles chakudya.
5. Ram - mmodzi wa ndiwotani anglers nyama. Zimadzetsa moyo demersal ndi kudya mollusks ang'ono ndi zooplankton.

The chakudya cha adani nsomba

1. Nsomba ya makerele - iyi ndi imodzi mwa nsomba zotchuka kwambiri kudyedwa ndi munthu. Izi chilombo-euryphage, amene amadyetsa onse zomera ndi ang'onoang'ono ngati okonda.
2. Pinki nsomba - ichi ndi chimodzi mwa oimira lofunika kwambiri la nsomba za banja nsomba. M'mayiko ena, nsomba amatchedwa "Russian nsomba". zakudya zake tichipeza mollusks, ndi nsomba ang'onoang'ono, nkhanu ndi mwachangu.
3. Mlamba amakonda madzi ozizira, choncho amakhala pa akuya mwachilungamo lalikulu. Ndiyamika nsagwada zake bwino anayamba menyu ndi kusintha kwambiri. Mlamba kudya nkhanu, ngale, urchins nyanja, nkhanu za mtundu, starfish ndi modabwitsa zina. Sanyoza mlamba ndi nsomba zomwe kwambiri kuposa kukula.
4. Fulonda ndi wapadera chifukwa cha maonekedwe ake zachilendo. Dona lathyathyathya kumabweretsa moyo demersal ndi zimakonda kudya nsomba yaing'ono ndiponso nkhanu, ankamenya nawo ku pothawirapo pake mchenga.
5. Nsomba yam'nyanja yamchere ndi banja la flatfish ndipo mothandizidwa ndi chimodzimodzi monga fulonda lapansi. Zokonda zapatsidwa kwa capelin ndi pollock.
6. Nsomba ya makerele - mlenje othamanga. Kumakhaladi nsomba nyama monga anchovy, wofiira mullet ndi mullet. Iye sataya pa juveniles zawo. Nawonso kavalo nsomba ya makerele - chakudya ankakonda kwa anamgumiwa.
7. Salmon - kwambiri ankakonda anthu nsomba. Ambiri ntchito pophikira mu m'makhitchini a dziko. Mu chakudya nyanja nsomba pa hering'i, sprat, smelt, hering'i ndi nkhanu.
8. Tuna wa banja Scombridae ndi chofunika kwambiri malonda nsomba. Izo wakudya cephalopods, ndi mitundu ina ya nsomba yaing'ono ndi nyamayi ndi shrimp.
9. M'nyanja zikuluzikulu ndi walleye musati amasiyana amadya yochokera kumwamba "anzake."

osamukawo menyu Aquarium

Mu Aquarium kumeneko kachitidwe azimuth bungwe kayeseleledwe wa nyanja. Kuti tichite zimenezi, Aquarium ndi chokongoletsedwa ndi miyala yamtengo wapatali, anemones ndi kuyamba nsomba zosowa kuchokera m'nyanja ndi m'nyanja. Kupeza "kampani" munthu wosadziwa ndi chodziwikiratu kuti athe - chakuti anthu ambiri-zabodza nyanja kuseri kwa galasi kuwononga mnzake mogwirizana ndi maonekedwe a chakudya. Modzikhulupirira ogwirira nsomba zonse kusaka kwa herbivores mtendere - tiyenera kuganizira posankha akuda "alendo" ndi zipsepse. chidwi ziperekedwe zimene nsomba anadyetsa m'nyanja. Ambiri a zimadya Aquarium "alendo kunja" - ndi discus, Astronotus, piranha, nsomba, lionfish, Apistogramma, Yellow.

Mwa anthu mtendere nyanja mu Aquarium akhoza moyo chisudzo nsomba, nyenyezi yaing'ono gourami, angelfish, Neon, ana, tetras.

Ngati mwaganiza kukonza pa nyumba yake mu dziko m'madzi, m'pofunika kudziwa zimene anthu amadyetsedwa Aquarium kunyumba - mu nyanja kapena nyanja. Zolusa monga nkhono Yellow mudye ndiponso nkhanu zing'onozing'ono, komanso si mantha kusaka kwa nsomba yaing'ono. Khalani nawo ndi cichlids ena, ndipo Astronotus ndi piranhas.

Koma algae - zomwe amadyetsa nsomba chisudzo. Komanso ambiri a ena okhala mtendere Aquarium.

Mtsinje alenje nsomba

Nsomba kudya mbalame, ndi choopsa kwambiri kwa iwo, mosasamala kanthu za chilengedwe chawo. adani Mbalame mtsinje oimira - ichi lakuda gulls, imvi herons, cranes, osprey ndi woyera-tailed. Mbalame voracious zingawononge nambala yaikulu nsomba. Timaphunzira zambiri za iwo:

• Lakuda (mtsinje /-wakuda gull) - ndi omnivorous, kudya mbalame nepereborchivaya ang'onoang'ono kukula. Chifukwa Ngati a Bakha yoteroyo mbalameyi mwangwiro kusambira ndi kupha nsomba kuchokera pamwamba pa madzi sikovuta.
• herons Gray ndipo cranes - ndi mbalame mwachilungamo zikuluzikulu, zimene amakonda chakudya chinyama chokha. Nsomba 80% chakudya, otsala 20% - achule ake ndi makoswe.
• Osprey - ndi mphungu mtsinje. Iwo m'gulu pangozi. Osprey - nsomba kudya mbalame ndi izo zokha! Iwo kusaka ntchito yoteroyo clawed, nalanda nyama kuchokera mmadzi. Osprey - mdani zoipitsitsa okhala mtsinje mosaganizira mtundu.
• White-tailed mphungu, ngati osprey ndi kutchulidwa Red Book. Ndi mbalame lalikulu la nyama, kudya nsomba ndi mbalame zing'onozing'ono. Komanso mu woyera tailed menyu mphungu zikuphatikizapo hares, agologolo pansi, marmots, ndi makoswe ena. Iwo sanyoza zovunda.

Mbalame alenje m'madzi

Nsomba zimene zimakhala mu nyanja, nawonso amakumana ndi chimene udzakhala chakudya cha mbalame. miyoyo yawo zikukangalika zopha nthenga-gourmets okonda monga cormorants, albatrosses, petrels, gulls. Mu nyanja kumpoto ndi nyanja ya anyani nsomba kusakasaka.

1. Chiswankhono - ziri ndithu mbalame chachikulu wakudya capelin osati, sardines ndi hering'i, komanso ngale. Maso a alenje izi mapiko ndi mandala nictitating Kakhungu amene adalowetsedwa m'madzi pamene ali mtundu wa magalasi m'madzi. Ndi zinthu izi anatomical wa cormorants bwino kuona nyama yake pansi ndime madzi.
2. Mbalame - nyanja wopulumuka. Pa moyo wake wa zaka 30 wa munthu wina amadya ndalama yaikulu nsomba ndi nkhono, nyamayi ndi ngale. Albatrosses angathe kuyenda pansi pa madzi ndi mamita 15 kuya, ndipo ndi tanthauzo enieni kwambiri kununkhiza.
3. Puffin zikuwoneka zofanana ndi nkhunda, koma mosiyana otsiriza, ali kwakukulu Ngati a Bakha mapazi. Kayendedwe ka moyo wa mbalame ndi zaka 20-26. Mphamvu ali ndi mofanana albatrosses ndi cormorants. Komanso petrels kaŵirikaŵiri zimayendera zombo podedu chakudya zinyalala.
4. Gulls - mbalame yekha amene alibe adani. chakudya chawo chachikulu - ichi makamaka nsomba ndi mollusks, tizilombo, mbalame yaing'ono ndi mazira, nkhanu, zovunda ndi zinyalala. Izi prilovchilis kuchenjerera kupeza ngale kuchokera ngakhale zipolopolo kwambiri cholimba, akuponya iwo kuchokera kumwamba ndi.
5. Anyani - mbalame connoisseurs. Iwo sadzakhala ndi munthu wowononga kapena stale nsomba, monga achitira seagulls kapena petrels. zakudya zawo ayenera kukhala mwatsopano kwambiri, tichipeza zomera, nsomba, krill, nyamayi ndi cephalopods. Chakudya Tingafinye anyani, kuk kuti akuya mamita 20-70.

Vuto ndi gombe

Kuwonjezera mbalame ndi nsomba anglers adani ndi nyama. Kudya nsomba anayi zomera miyendo konse mwayi kukhala ndi mbale lapamtima. Makamaka kwambiri miyoyo "okonda Gourmet 'pa mtsinje. Kodi nyama kudya nsomba? Izi muskrat, otter, shrew, muskrat. Ndiponso, kutikonda kwambiri mink ndi kudya lalikulu zedi.