Kruglov SERGEY Nikiforovich: Wambiri ndi Banja

The woimira nomenklatura Soviet anayesa kupeŵa nkhani, chifukwa anali wodzichepetsa ndi wodzichepetsa munthu. Komabe, anathandiza mu udindo BOMA ndi zina zomwe zikubweretsa monga chithunzi anthu anali amphamvu kwambiri. Ntchito mabungwe yazamalamulo Kruglov SERGEY Nikiforovich ali odzipereka mbali ya moyo wake, ndipo ntchito yake boma akhoza kaduka aliyense. N'chifukwa chiyani atsogoleri a boma la Soviet muzindikire iye? Monga mmodzi mwa zifukwa zimenezi, akatswiri amanena chakuti Kruglov SERGEY Nikiforovich anali ndi ufulu yunivesite, zilankhulo zambiri yachilendo, anali wanzeru kulinganiza zinthu, kudziwa zoona zenizeni, waulemu kwa atumiki ake, mosiyana wake "anzake", kuti makhalidwe onse awa ali m'modzi kapena ambiri ziwiri. Kodi chochititsa chidwi za mbiri ya States ndi munthu pagulu? Taganizirani funso ili mwatsatanetsatane.

Zaka ubwana ndi unyamata

Kruglov SERGEY Nikiforovich, amene banja lake anali m'mphawi anabadwa pa October 2, 1907 m'mudzi wa Pakamwa (chigawo Tver).

Atangochoka makolo ake anasamukira ku Petrograd, komwe bambo amapita ku ntchito pa mbewu. Koma mu 1910s mochedwa, ndi ana mayi ake anabwerera ku nyumba yakale.

Kale monga wachinyamata, anayamba ntchito, ndicho msipu ng'ombe. Mwachibadwa, nthawi kukaphunzira ku sukulu, Sergei anali pang'ono. Komabe, mu 1924 iye anakwanitsa kutenga maphunziro Zubtsov. Kufika zaka khumi ndi zisanu ndi ziwiri, mnyamata ndinayamba ntchito ngati mlembi wa bungwe m'mudzi m'mudzi Nikiforov. Pakuti changu mu ntchito za mnyamata Patapita nthawi yoikidwiratu mutu wa bungwe m'mudzi.

Mu 1925, Kruglov SERGEY Nikiforovich amawonjezereka kagulu ka Young League Communist ndi izo amalowerera kanyumba kuwerenga chipinda. Kenako amayenda ku famu "Vahnovo" Rzhevsky County, amene amagwiritsa ntchito ophunzira oyamba, ndiye ntchito yokonzanso, ndi zina - ndi thirakitara.

Kumapeto kwa 1928 mnyamata kutenga Bolshevik Party.

Zaka usilikali, ndipo ntchito zina ntchito

Kruglov SERGEY Nikiforovich posachedwa usilikali. Koma adzakhala chaka chimodzi chokha. Kukhala m'chipindacho, iye katswiri zatsopano ntchito ya umakaniko, amene anali wofunika kwambiri kwa iye pambuyo demobilization.

Kupereka udindo Mama, mnyamata adzapita Kustanai dera komwe anakagwira ntchito monga mphunzitsi makaniko mu umodzi wa maphunziro ndi anakumana mbewu munda.

Phunziro pa yunivesite

Patapita nthawi, Sergei Nikiforovich amazindikira kuti ayenera kutenga maphunziro apamwamba, ndipo mu 1931 anadzakhala wophunzira wa Industrial ndi Pedagogical Institute. Karla Libknehta, amene ali likulu. Koma posakhalitsa anasintha yunivesite wake, osati munthu. Tisatengere Party ntchito ana asukulu, mu kufanana, analowa Institute of Studies Oriental (gawo Japanese), ndipo patapita nthawi yochepa anadzakhala wophunzira wa History luso la Institute of Red Aphunzitsi wotsegulira pamaso Kruglov chiyembekezo chodzakhala mphunzitsi. Koma tsoka wapanga Kusintha ake, ndipo mnyamatayo sanathe kumaliza sukulu yapamwamba.

ntchito chipani

Mu 1937, maphunziro a digiri yoyamba Institute of Red Aphunzitsi anatumiza kwa kutaya wa chipanichi. Kruglov SERGEY Nikiforovich, amene yonena ndi chidwi ndi azambiriyakale, imagwera Dipatimenti ya ŵa matupi chipani, yomwe imateteza kulinganiza udindo.

Wodziwa ntchito ya Komiti chapakati cha CPSU (b), munthu wamng'ono ndi kunditumiza ku NKVD, amene adzatumikira monga chiyambi cha Lavrenty Pavlovich Beria. Kodi mtundu wa ntchito anali kuyang'anira kuyesa Dipatimenti Kruglov SERGEY Nikiforovich (Commissar)?

"Lamanja" Beria

Iye anali kukhala ndi njira yolongosoka zinthu, anthu okhudzidwa anali "anzake" kuntchito, kuchita zolakwa ndi zochimwa. Lavrenty Pavlovich anakondwera ndi masankhidwe a munthu wogwira ntchito yatsopano, ndipo pambuyo pa miyezi iwiri yokha Kruglov amakhala wothandizira mwachindunji kuti Beria, ndi NKVD walunjika dipatimenti ogwira. Izi lakuthwa ntchito nyamuka limabweretsa gulu la zochitika zapadera. Koma mu 1934 bungwe Lavrenty Pavlovich akukonza kusintha: iwo unagawidwa mu NKVD ndi NKGB. Kruglov SERGEY Nikiforovich, chithunzi cha amene anali kale lodziwika bwino kwa anthu Soviet, anapitiriza "dzanja lamanja" la Beria, amene anamuuza kuti athane ndi Gulag ndi kupanga ndi kumanga m'madipatimenti. Koma ntchito kugwira ntchito anali kulongosola za ntchito Kruglov amene anamupulumutsa iye mu 1953.

WWII

Kumayambiriro a World nkhondo awiri "mphamvu" mabungwe kachiwiri anali ophatikizidwa mu chimodzi. Ngakhale yokhala SERGEY Nikiforovich Kruglov ndi kuthandiza Beria, ndi NKVD, iye sanamvere nawo, natuma kutsogolo.

Pamene Germany anapita Moscow, kapitawo wa chitetezo anatenga lamulo la 4. State kumbuyo pomanga NKVD ndi 4 asilikali sapper. Chokaniora likulu mu 1942, analandira Order ya Red Star. Kruglov SERGEY Nikiforovich (Commissioner) anapitiriza kutumikira mu dipatimenti mphamvu, ndipo m'nyengo yozizira ya 1943, akuluakulu a boma anapereka udindo mkulu wa Commissioner wa State Security udindo wachiwiri. The NKVD anapitiriza kukhala mtumiki kazembe.

Mu 1944, chifukwa cha kupita misa ya Ingush, Chechens, Karachai, Kalmyks m'madera a kum'mawa kwa kapitawo chitetezo dziko kupereka dongosolo la Suvorov , 1 digiri. Ndiye Kruglov anayambitsa mu Ukraine kumenyana OUN, amene anali kupereka Kutuzov Order a mlingo wa 1. Ndiye Sergei Nikiforovich anatumizidwa ku Baltic States. Mu Lithuania amabala kuyeretsa chachikulu.

Kumapeto kwa nkhondo izo anatetezera a nthumwi yachilendo kupita ku msonkhano Yalta.

nkhondo itatha,

Mu 1945, woyang'anira za chitetezo, membala wa gululo Soviet, ifika mu US San Francisco, kumene hayala UN adzakhala analenga. Ku England, antabira mutu apamwamba otchuka - ". Knight wa Britain"

Komanso mu 1945, anthu Soviet amvela kuti Kruglov SERGEY Nikiforovich - nduna ya za M'dziko wa USSR, iye anasiyira ndi Beria, amene anali kugwira ntchito kwambiri mu Politburo.

imfa ntsogoleri

M'chaka cha 1953 anamwalira "mtsogoleri wa anthu" Josef Stalin, ndipo, ndithudi, mfundo imeneyi kwachititsa kusintha kwakukulu mu zida za boma. Apanso, iwo ophatikizidwa ndi madipatimenti wa NKVD ndi NKGB, ndi kasamalidwe kapangidwe mphamvu anatenganso pa Lavrenty Beria. Comrade Kruglov anabwerera ku malo mkazi wake woyamba. Inawonongeka kunja mseri kulimbirana mphamvu, ndi mutu wa NKVD anali ndi mwayi wabwino kuti atenge malo a mutu wa boma. Koma iye anali wodzipereka pampikisano kwambiri za nkhope ya Nikity Sergeevicha Hruscheva, amene anadzakhala wopambana masewerawa. Otsiriza, kutenga udindo waukulu mu dziko, anayamba kulimbana yogwira ndi cadres wakale, kusintha proxies ake. Ndithudi, iye adataya mwayi osati kwa Lavrentiy Beriya, koma wachiwiri wake - Sergei Kruglov, amene anasamutsidwa ndi woyang'anira wothandizira mu Utumiki wa yomanga zomera mphamvu. Koma yatsopano kapitawo wa chitetezo iye sanakhale nthaŵi yaitali.

Kale mu 1957 anam'tumiza ku Kirov zigawo, kumene bungwe dera chuma cha dziko, anaikidwa kuthandiza tcheyamaniyo. Koma udindo uwu Kruglov anakhala kwa nthawi yochepa.

Mapeto a ntchito

Mu 1958, chifukwa cha thanzi kuwonongeka kwa Sergei Nikiforovich anakakamizika kuti apereke ndi chilema ndi pantchito.

Mu 1960, wakale Minister wa NKVD anachotsedwa chiwerengero phwando. Iye anali ndi udindo nawo zandale. Koma akuluakulu Soviet ankakhulupirira kuti munthuyo kugwirizana ndi chipani, iye sanayenere ufulu kulandira "apolisi" adapuma, kotero mosatsata iye ubwino wa anthu, koma anachotsa utumiki wake nyumba. kapitawo wakale chitetezo patapita kanthawi iye anayesera kuti ayambenso umembala wake mu Party Communist, koma nkhani anakhalabe mu Limbo.

mwanjira ina, koma ntchito Kruglov pambuyo chiphaso cha kulumala ndi sanamalize. Pakuti nthawi zina ankagwira ntchito mu ofesi ya kutsirizitsa ntchito pa Utumiki wa Yapakatikati (atomiki) zomangamanga. M'zaka zaposachedwapa, mkuluyo ankakhala ndithu wodzichepetsa ndi wodzichepetsa.

udindo ubale

SERGEY Nikiforovich Kruglov anali chitsanzo chabwino banja. Ndi mkazi wake yekhayo Taisia Dmitrievnoj Ostapova izo asapita mtchatho mu 1934. Iwo anakumana pamene iwo anali ophunzira akadali Industrial ndi Pedagogical Institute, ndipo ankakhala chogona chomwecho. Mbiri ya munthu amabwerera komanso anali chofunika ukwati. Izo zinachitika kuti Taisia anali sangafike pa chibwenzi. chifukwa kunapezeka kuti banal. Poyamba, mtsikanayo mu chipinda, kuphatikizapo Thais, imawazidwa ndagula mapeyala mmodzi wa nsapato konse, monga ana pa nthawi kusowa ndalama. Ndipo anzake, amene anapita kwa "anthu" nsapato, kuiwala kuti Thais kupita pa tsiku ndipo anali mochedwa kwa maola atatu. Mwachibadwa, panali funde la kutengeka, ndipo mu- anaganiza kuti ngati mnyamatayo kudikira, mkaziyo kuti akhale mkazi wake. Sergei anadikira ake, ngakhale odandaula kuti iye sadafuna kudza. Chifukwa cha ukwati zinachitika.

Koma iye anali wofatsa kwambiri, chifukwa chikhalidwe nkhani ya angolowa kumene m'banja mu nthawi kumanzere kwambiri wolakalakika. Nthawi yoyamba pambuyo pa banja, iwo anapitiriza kukhala chogona, ndipo popanda wina ndi mzake. Ndiye iwo anakhala ndi mwana wamkazi, Irina ndi mwana Valery.

Sergei Kruglov, anali chisoni anaphedwa mu July 1977. Iye anamenyedwa ndi sitima pafupi nsanja "Pravda" (Yaroslavl malangizo a sitima matauni aakulu). States anaikidwa pa Novodevichy manda ku Moscow.