Njira ongolankhula: kufotokoza mwachidule

Aliyense maphunziro a sayansi zikusonyeza chilengedwe cha dongosolo Integrated maganizo inakula, maganizo ndi mfundo. Kusiyana lofunika wa sayansi ku tsiku ndi tsiku ndi ayenera ayenera kwa review yovuta maganizo onse akufuna ndi umboni, komanso kufunafuna ndi view cholinga ndi njira wosamalitsa, ndi momwe kutsimikizira mfundo analandira ndi kudziwa. Pali wazotsatira ndi ongolankhula njira kafukufuku. M'nkhaniyi tiona tione zakale. Komabe, Tisanafike pa khalidwe kuvomerezedwa njira sayansi.

muyezo Popper a

Izi otchedwa muyezo falsifiability kafukufuku ongolankhula. Mlembi wa mfundo ndi odziwika chi British nzeru zapamwamba Karl Popper. Maganizo ake ndi kuti aliyense sayansi, kwenikweni kutchedwa sayansi, ayenera pansi yachinsinsi othandiza experimental. Mwachitsanzo, kafukufuku wa sayansi-pedagogical kumaphatikizapo kuphunzira njira maganizo ndi pedagogical mu mapangidwe umunthu ndi malamulo cholinga cha maphunziro. Motero, kuchotsa njira zothandiza maphunziro. Pankhaniyi i adzakhala zimaonekera ntchito zotsatira weniweni outputted chifukwa njira kafukufuku.

njira kafukufuku ongolankhula

ntchito iliyonse, ngati Baibulo likunena kuti sayansi chikhalidwe, titero tiyenera osati mfundo zoti ziyesedwe maganizo experimentally, koma ndi njira zothandiza kumanga mfundo ndi kufufuza mfundo yatsopano. Kalekale - kuyambira m'masiku a anzeru wakale - kugawana njira wazotsatira ndi ongolankhula kafukufuku. Mlingo ongolankhula mu sayansi ndi cholinga chinyezimiro zikuchitika njira, zochitika, regularities ndi kugwirizana mkati amene zimatheka ndi njira yeniyeni ya processing deta analandira kuchokera kuyang'anila zinthu zatsopano ndi zina zotero. Choncho, njira kafukufuku ongolankhula ndi mtundu wa superstructure pa wazotsatira. Yotsirizira awa akuimira mitundu matupi anafotokoza mfundo analandira mwachindunji ndi mphamvu anthu ndi zipangizo zapadera. Mulu wa mfundo wazotsatira si cholinga palokha, mtheradi cholinga chake - ndi systematization ndi kumanga zina za malamulo, mfundo, ndi malingaliro za dziko. njira ongolankhula kafukufuku - tawerenga abstraction, amene zinalengedwa mwa kukhazikitsidwa kwa malingaliro sayansi ndi ziphunzitso pamaziko a chidziwitso wogwila. Njira maphunziro ongolankhula zinthu zingapo zimene mungachite osiyana:

• Abstracting. Amene akufotokoza ndondomeko abstraction ku katundu zenizeni za nkhaniyi nzeru zake kwa mozama za mbali makamaka za izo. Mwachitsanzo, zotsatira za abstraction ndi mfundo monga mtundu, kupindika, kukongola ndi zina zotero.
• Formalization - izi chidziwitso sanjira mu chophiphiritsa chosaiwalika mawonekedwe pamene iwo atenge mawonekedwe a kachitidwe ndi makhalidwe makonzedwe.
• Kufanizira. Ndi mtundu wa nkhani kufanana ena pakati pa zinthu ziwiri za malo ena aliwonse pa maziko Pawokha pakati pawo mu zinthu zina khalidwe.
• Substantive mawerengeredwe - kuphunzira chinthu mwa zitsanzo chabe ayi ndipo kenako kusamutsa kudziwa apindulira pa choyambirira kusanthula kale.
• Mental kayeseleledwe - mu njira ndi ofanana ndi substantive, koma m'maganizo ntchito pano. Komanso pali amusankha kompyuta, yomwe amagwiritsa pulogalamu komanso chosaiwalika - ntchito mitunduyi ndi zojambula.
• Idealization - ndiko Kulenga kwa mfundo zina kwa zinthu kuti sikuti kulibe, koma ali ndi zinachitika kwa izo. Mwachitsanzo, zibaluni, ndi mafuta abwino, ndi zojambula zimenezi, mzere, ndi zina zotero.