Ndi zidole chiyani? Mitundu ya zidole: kufotokoza

Iwo anabwera Zimakhala zazikulu, zopangwidwa kuchokera ku zipangizo ambiri, ena a iwo akuwoneka ngati ana, ena - monga akulu, asungwana aang'ono kusewera nawo, kukhala mbali ya zopereka mtengo, iwo ngakhale ankalambira m'madera ena. Onani amene ayankhidwa? Ngwazi za nkhaniyi - ndi chidole. Mitundu ya zidole komanso mbiri ya maonekedwe awo, kulongosola zonse m'malo ovuta, mwinanso kosatheka.

The zidole woyamba ndipo cholinga chawo

Mbali yaikulu kuti chimasiyanitsa chidole ku zidole zina, ndi kuti iye amaoneka ngati munthu, ndi digiri kufanana angakhale osiyana. Chiguduli zidole, mphinjiri ofanana ndi anthu chabe silhouette, koma zidole monga ana sadzachitanso distinguishable kwa ana enieni.

Ngakhale anthu wosazindikira chopangidwa kanjedza yotha, koma poika mankhwala amenewa anali wopatulika. Ziboliboli wa anthu ndipo ankapemphera Egypt, umboni ndi zokumbidwa pansi. Iwo mtengo, nsalu, dongo, komanso miyala yamtengo wapatali ndi zitsulo. Pa nthawi yomweyo, zidole zopangwidwa kuchokera ku zipangizo mosavuta ndi ntchito masewera ana.

Zidole, amene anachita kalekale ku Greece wakale ndi Rome, kwenikweni chidwi chifukwa manja ndi mapazi a zidole amenewo n'kumene mwa kumadalira.

Mu Middle Ages mu Europe zidole ankagwiritsa ntchito Chikhristu, chifukwa iwo akhoza kukhala zophweka ndi zosangalatsa akundiuza nkhani za m'Baibulo. Ndipo mu nthawi yathu anasunga miyambo pa Khirisimasi kuima pa kachisi zinachitika ya Betelehemu khola, kumene udindo wa Mwana Yesu, Namwali Mariya, Yosefe ndi anthu ena a zochitika ndi zidole lalikulu.

zidole Asilavo

Kuyambira achikunja zidole, mphinjiri akhala gawo limodzi la chikhalidwe cha makolo athu. Kuti apange zikwa amatigwiritsa ntchito zipangizo zosiyanasiyana monga fulakesi, udzu, phulusa, dongo, nsalu, yamitengo ndi ena. The ndondomeko ya chilengedwe wakhala waphimbika mu kwambiri a malamulo ndi malamulo oletsa. Mwachitsanzo, munthu nthaŵi zonse unpainted, anakhulupirira, kuti muonera angakhale zoipa. Ndipo amaletsedwa kugwiritsa ntchito singano ndi lumo. nsalu afafanizidwa, musati kudula bwino, ndipo anasiyiratu, iwo atakulungidwa mu njira zina ndi wotetezedwa mwa mfundo ulili chidole cha. Species zithumwa zidole zimadalira cholinga chawo. Choncho, chidole "Desyatiruchka" yokonzedwa kuthandiza achinyamata mbuye mavuto atsopano kunyumba, ndi "Anapempha" kuteteza mabanja kwa anthu akuipa.

Kuwonjezera pa zidole-mphinjiri Asilavo anali kusewera ndi zidole mwambo. Game anapanga makamaka kwa ana, chifukwa oberezhnymi zikwa ankaletsedwanso kusewera. A zidole mwambo zinalengedwa pa nthawi ya holide.

Yapamwamba ndi mtengo

Kuyambira cha m'ma 14, amisiri France anayamba kupanga zidole, zomwe mosakayikira chinathandiza kuphatikiza wa French udindo kachitidwe-mphamvu. M'masiku amenewo, pamene panalibe TV otsogola ndi TV zithunzi, kudzikondweretsa chidole Pandora maonekedwe awo anasonyeza dziko zochita zamakono. Kukula kwa akazi awa 35 cm, ndipo aliyense wa iwo anali kugwiritsidwa pa chifuwa zovala ndi Chalk. Mtengo wa totere kukongola zadothi kuwapanga iwo likupezeka chabe kwa kalasi chapamwamba. Ngakhale Pandora anatenga malo awo ulemu pa maalumali wa ana ang'onoang'ono, masewera ntchito zidolezi n'kosavuta ndipo mtengo.

Germany m'ma 15 anakhala malo kuyanga chidole matabwa, ndi mkubwela kwa zaka za m'ma 19 watsopano zakuthupi - ndi papier-mache - nkhope ndi manja zizichita kukongola kwambiri limaonetseratu komanso yokongola. Zolinga zofanana, ndipo anagwiritsa ntchito China zodula, koma thupi lenilenilo anapangidwa kuchokera nsalu.

M'zaka za m'ma 18 tinaona kuwala Zidole pepala, koma, monga mu nkhani ya kukongola Pandora ndi dongo, iwo anaikira Masewero. Zitsanzo izi pepala, okonza apanga ndipo anasonyeza zolengedwa awo.

The kusintha dziko chidole

Maonekedwe a zinthu ngati pulasitiki, mosakaika, anapanga kusintha kwenikweni mu kupanga zidole. Mu zaka 70 za m'ma 19 ku America kupanga mitu chidole ayamba kugwiritsa ntchito yokhuthala - pulasitiki wapadera zochokera mapadi. The zinthu zatsopano sakuopa cha madzi, anali wamphamvu kuposa dongo ndipo ambiri Chofunika - mtengo. Koma palinso anali opanda: yokhuthala pulasitiki zosavuta kuti azinyadira ndipo amayaka bwino, kotero m'zaka za m'ma 20 zidole anasiya ntchito yake.

The zinasintha angathe kuonedwa kuti ndi chinthu chimodzi, ndi zikamera wa mafakitale ambiri komwe lalikulu zedi ndi malamulo a msika anapanga zidole. Mitundu ya zidole kudziwa kufunika ndi zosowa za ana a misinkhu yosiyanasiyana. Zidole potsiriza atayamba kulenga kwa ana.

Musati phindu la zidole atsikana Pawokha mapangidwe ndi socialization anthu a. Mothandizidwa ndi mwana chidole kungathandize zosiyanasiyana zenizeni m'moyo ndi udindo wamkulu, kuphunzira kulankhula ndi ena. Ndimaikonda kamtsikana kusewera mwana wamkazi - mayi akufotokozera Mwachibadwa akuchikazi, kumathandiza kuti mapangidwe umunthu.

Odziwika ndi okondedwa ndi CPMP zofunika iliyonse mtsikana, chifukwa kusamalira kamwana pulasitiki, mwanayo amaphunzira kukhala mayi. chidwi kwambiri penyani koma ana miyezi 10-12, pa nthawi iyi, iwo anayamba bwanji akulu. Kale pa nthawi iyi chidole-pups adzakhala kwambiri olandiridwa.

M'kupita kwa nthawi, kupanga tizidole anayamba kugwiritsa ntchito zipangizo zoyenerera kwambiri - vinilu, labala silikoni. angapange m'malo achilengedwe, potero kuwapangitsa makampani kukhala ndi ana - kulandira zosiyanasiyana zitsanzo za zidole, amene akhoza kuimba bwino.

Zidole Soviet Union

Pamene ambuye European opangidwa kudzikondweretsa zidole zadothi, zidole Tsarist Russia sanakhale pa akungoonerera. Mu 18 ndi 19 zaka zambiri, wotchuka Russian mafakitale Zhuravlev ndi Koshechkova, Gudkov ndi Fedoseyev, Shrayer ndi Fingerguta. Zidole za nyengo zotsatirazi madona kaso ndi hussars, yapamwamba akazi m'tawuni. Ndipo n'zosadabwitsa kuti mosaganizira wake mu 20s kwa zaka za m'ma 20, awa wachisomo Russian chidole anawonongedwa pa malamulo a mphamvu Soviet.

M'dziko latsopano zidole ankayenera kukhala anthu wamba. Zidole zopangidwa pulasitiki, nthawi zina thupi kuchita chiguduli. Mwatsatanetsatane sanapatsidwe zofunika kwambiri, zoipa tsitsi lawo, kuchokera madiresi akhala chrysalis kupatula akuda thonje kavalidwe. Mphira chidole Zina anakhala heroine a ndakatulo eponymous ndi Agnes Barto. Chifukwa Zina? Pa nthawi imeneyo, aliyense chidole Soviet linali dzina lake - Yesu anatchula chizindikiro affixed kuti zizichita.

Paper zidole akhala chizindikiro china panthawi imeneyo. Angapezeke mu nkhokwe ya lililonse atsikana Soviet. Zovala zidole ngati zikhoza kukhala chachikulu, chifukwa mukupanga ndi kujambula zovala zatsopano zikhoza kukhala yekha.

Kumapeto kwa 1980 pa maalumali masitolo Soviet anaonekera zidole yachilendo Babri otsala Mega m'masiku athu.

zopangidwa zamakono

chidole Popular Today Barbie kupangidwa ndi American Ruth wothandizira mu 1950s, ndi anatumikira monga zinachitika kwa chidole Lilly - ndi heroine a manyuzipepala azithunzithunzi German. Kusiyana kwambiri kwa zidole zina Barbie zidole panthawi imeneyo inali mfundo yakuti Barbie - uyu si mwana. Mothandizidwa ndi chidole atsikana amatha okha pa masewera a malo wamkulu. Mwa njira, n'kosavuta kulota kuti mwana dziko wotchuka zatsopano wina dzina lake zidole. dzina lake Barbara.

Kuyambira nthawi ya penipeni mpaka lero, Barbie kakusintha masinthidwe ambiri, kaya mfundo ndi zovala zake. Koma ndiye ndi tsopano - ndi chidole wotchuka kwambiri mu dziko.

Pafupifupi zaka 15 zapitazo panali chidole ina, imene onse akunenapo - ichi chidole Bratz. Zinalengedwa mwa chifanizo cha Barbie, koma ngati Barbie - wamkulu mkazi ndi m'chiuno wochepa, miyendo yaitali ndiponso mabere wamkulu, chidole Bratz - mwina wachinyamata, ndi mitundu zochepa kwambiri, koma popanda iwo. Ndi kwambiri akanagwiritsa kumutu, koma mfundo yoti kutukula sanakonde atsikana padziko lonse.

zidole Large, kuwonjezeka pafupifupi monga ana, komanso mu azimuth. Mwachitsanzo, zidole Baby Anabadwa kukula kwa masentimita 43, ndi 7 masentimita zosakwana kukula pafupifupi mwana wakhanda. chidole The mukhoza kulira, kudya phala, kumwa madzi, ndipo ngakhale amapita ku chimbudzi. Zidole kukula masentimita 70-80 yosonyeza ana okulirapo.

Pamene akulu onse atanganidwa ndi mabuku ndi TV zikusonyeza za MIZUKWA Zombies ndi mizimu zoipa, nkhaniyi aloŵa mu dziko la ana. Zidole chilombo High, imene chizindikiro cha mtanda aliyense agogo, anakhala zidole wotchuka kwambiri pano. Prehistory kulenga iwo wakhala zojambula amene otchulidwa ali mizukwa sukulu. Onse ali ndi luso zamatsenga ndi maonekedwe koposa. A mndandanda wonse wa zidole komanso heroines wodzipereka wa inanso otchuka zojambula "Winx", "May Little Pony", "Star Novi Dol".

Mpaka tsopano otchuka ndi oseketsa nsalu zidole Tilda anatulukira Norway Tony Finnanger. Izi zidole primitives anaonekera mu 1999, nkhani za Zopatsa awo akhoza m'buku mndandanda wa mayina ofanana.

Osati ana, koma m'malo

About zaka 20 zapitazo America izo kupangidwa zidole zachilendo silikoni ngati mwana, kuti ngakhale dzina limodzi - kubadwanso. zidole mankhwalawa ndi okwera mtengo kwambiri, ndipotu kupereka zinthu zonse zabwino angakhoze kokha weniweni mbuye, ndipo okha ndi manja. Ndipo akusewera zidole za ... akulu.

Maganizo za kubadwanso wogawanika. popeza kuti n'zotheka zidole silikoni anapereka ena "eerily ofanana ndi ana awa", kotero mwina kusonkhanitsa zosangalatsa, kapena kuti kuonedwa kuti ndi moyo, koma ndi yofanana ndi matenda okhudza ubongo.

zidole

A malangizo atsopano mu luso chi - ndiko Kulenga kwa zidole. Mitundu ya zidole munda akhoza anatsimikiza zochokera luso kupanga zinthu zojambulajambula, ntchito polemba chinenero cha kopita.

zidole Awa ndi nthawi yapadera, iwo anapangidwa ndi wolemba mu buku limodzi, wodzazidwa ndi makhalidwe. Mwatsoka, ngati mitundu ina yambiri ya zidole, wolemba anaikira amalingalira, osati masewera.

Zidole za Dziko

Fuko lirilonse liri yake mbale wotchuka, songs, zovala, ndi zinthu zina zochitika za chuma ndi chikhalidwe chauzimu, kuphatikizapo malo ake atengedwa ndi chidole dziko.

Russian matryoshka zidole - mmodzi wa alendo ambiri kuzindikira ndi amalikonda kuchokera Russia. Japan anatchuka chifukwa zidole zake kokeshi, ndi mtengo ndi rospisannymi pamanja.

zidole African amasonyeza akazi wakuda, mtengo, masamba, udzu, chokongoletsedwa ndi mikanda.

Mphira zidole ubwana wathu, newfangled Baby Bon kapena chiguduli chidole yosavuta, amene ankaimba zaka zingapo zapitazo - zidole izi atsikana onse ndi lofunika. Ndi thandizo lawo asungwana aang'ono kuphunzira kukhala amayi, zimakonda kusewera kuphunzira makhalidwe omwe amavomerezedwa anthu. Kufunika kwa zidole izi anakhalabe nthawi zonse.