Ndi zachilendo nthano Tolstoy ndi chiyani? Mipikisano magawo monga chizindikiro cha nthano L. N. Tolstogo

Aliyense amene anawerenga nthano Aesop a I. A. Krylova, ndipo nthawi yomweyo ananyamula buku L. N. Tolstogo mwina kuzifunsa inu nokha, kodi zachilendo nthano Tolstoy? Ndi pa funso limeneli ndipo yesani kuyankha nkhani yathu.

Lathu la nthano kwa anthu akuluakulu

Choyamba m'pofunika funsolo, chifukwa Tolstoy anamasulira analemba nthano.

N'zokayikitsa kuti owerenga akhulupirire kuti I. A. Krylova, Aesop kapena La Fontaine ali ndi ntchito achilendo. Iwo analemba nthano, chifukwa icho, iwo ankakonda mankhwala ena. Koma L. N. Tolstoy si monga choncho, iye analemba nthano wake ndi cholinga, kani, iye anali ndi ntchito yapadera: ". Zabwino ndi yowala" kubzala mu mitima ya ana yankho limodzi ndi funso, kodi nthano zachilendo Tolstoy, ndi ichi: ali wapadera, chifukwa iwo atsata cholinga - kuphunzitsa mwana kuchita chabwino. Inde zopeka makamaka chifukwa lolunjika pa gulu lapadera zaka - ana.

"Mphunzitsi" kamphindi mu nthano za upamwamba Russian

Kuti timvetsetse ntchito Tolstoy, m'pofunika kuyerekeza nthano wake ndi nthano za Chigiriki wakale - Aesop. Mwa Agiriki, zonse zida ndi nthano makhalidwe "osati kukula", mwachitsanzo. E. Mu ntchito za Aesop mu mawonekedwe succinct anzeru olembedwa wowerengeka. Mwachitsanzo, nthano "Mphungu, chough ndi Mbusa" limanena kuti sitingathe kupikisana ndi amene ali opambana inu deta achilengedwe. The nthano wotchuka "The Fox ndi Mphesa" akungondinyoza mtima wa anthu kudzilungamitsa. Ndipo pali zambiri zitsanzo.

Kodi zachilendo nthano Tolstoy? chakuti pali makhalidwe "kukula" mu iwo. Mwachitsanzo, nthano "Galu ndi mthunzi wake" amaphunzitsa ana (ndi akulu) kuti muyenera kupikisana ndi mzake ndi kuyang'ana ena, ngakhale mnzake "chidutswa cha nyama fatter" kuposa inu. Nthano "Wabodza" limafotokoza nkhani ya mnyamata yemwe analira chifukwa: "ankhandwe! Mimbulu! ", Ndipo pamene derali anali kudya ndi gulu lonse, m'busayo palibe amene anathandiza, chifukwa iye kubera kangapo. Nthano "Axamwali Awiri" chimaphunzitsa ana kuti thandizo mwagwirizana ndi chakuti inu simungakhoze kuponya munthu mu kamphindi kovuta.

Mu mawu ena, Tolstoy nthano anapatsidwa zili mosavuta kuuzindikira makhalidwe abwino, kusiya ali pafupi kwambiri kwa ana athu, chifukwa pamene Tolstoy anawamasulira nthano Aesop kapena ankalemba chawo, iye anayesetsa kuti akhale nawo zomveka kwa anthu Russian.

Moral zili nthano

makhalidwe Ana angaphunzitsidwe m'njira zosiyanasiyana. Mukhoza kusankha tsiku lililonse, monga 2:00, ndi kuphunzitsa nzeru, koma zikuoneka kuti mwana atangobadwa notations ngati mwadongosolo kuthawa ndi makolo adzadana. Ndipo mukhoza kuwerenga nthano mwana limodzi ndi kuona makhalidwe disassemble, potero afufuze bwino ndi mwana (kapena wamkazi) anaphunzira malamulo osavuta khalidwe anthu. Nthano - ndi "makhalidwe jakisoni aftertaste zosangalatsa," ndipo iwo, mwa zina, kuphunzitsa mwana kuwerenga.

Ntchito L. N. Tolstogo anaphunzira ana sukulu zasekondale. Choncho funso, kodi zachilendo nthano Tolstoy, kalasi 4 (ophunzira ake) ali kale amathandiza paokha.

Okhutira nthanthi ya nthano L. N. Tolstogo

Koma pali wodziwanso kuposa wosanjikiza nthano Tolstoy, amene sangathe kuzindikira ndi kuona mwana, womwe zili nthanthi ya nthano L. N. Tolstogo. N'zoona kuti amene ali osowa nthano imene zili nthanthi si ndinaganiza, ndiponso anaika mu izo. Mwachitsanzo, ndapereka apa nthano "Galu ndi mthunzi wake" lili osati chidziko yekha, maganizo, komanso kwambiri nthanthi tanthauzo: munthu ayenera kugwira ntchito kokha okha. malingaliro ake sayenera usabvutike, kapena mkwiyo, kapena nsanje. Iye ayenera kusiya kuloŵa asanu machimo zakupha, payenera kukhala ambiri zizindikiro.

Kodi zachilendo nthano Tolstoy, ngati zophiphiritsa alipo monga mbali yofunika ya? Only ngati katundu dziko kapena zinthu za m'dzikoli? Ndithudi ayi. Chongoyerekezera nthano Tolstoy kumathandiza kuti nzeru chikhalidwe ndi ochiritsira, komanso choonadi cha Zipembedzo.