Ndi boma moyo Kodi

Kumasulira kwa Latin akuti "chikhalidwe" amatanthauza "anthu", "ambiri". M'mawu ena, tanthauzo limeneli likugwirizana ndi cikhalidwe wa anthu. Mogwirizana ndi izi chikhalidwe boma - ndi (monzama) State iliyonse yomwe ndi chotsatira chake cha Kukwezeleza zakakhalidwe. Komabe m'njira yopapatiza, izi dongosolo mphamvu lili ntchito yeniyeni ndipo kuti ali ndi katundu yeniyeni.

Moyo boma alipo ndipo ukugwira ntchito mogwirizana kwambiri ndi zochitika zotero mu moyo wapoyera, ngati anthu wamba, demokalase, azimai ufulu, ufulu.

Tikumbukenso kuti lingaliro la kupanga dongosolo ngati anatuluka mu 19 mochedwa - m'ma 20. Zikamera wa mfundo imeneyi chinali chifukwa cha njira cholinga mu moyo ndi zachuma a anthu. Mu nkhani iyi, mfundo - kulingana ndi ufulu - zinthu anabwera kutsutsana ndi mzake.

Theoretically izo anapanga njira ziwiri kuti ubale wa ufulu ndi kufanana pakati pa anthu.

Chiwerengerochi monga Mill, Smith, Locke, nthawi zonse, ndipo ena kumbuyo chiphunzitso cha munthu ufulu wa anthu. Pankhaniyi, boma moyo chinali kuteteza ufulu umenewu kuchokera kusokonezedwa aliyense, kuphatikizapo boma lokha. Pa nthawi yomweyo, atsogoleri kudziwa kuti mapeto adzafika lochitira Komabe, ankaona ufulu mtengo wapatali kwambiri.

Malinga ndi njira ina imene analengeza Rousseau, onse ayenera kumvera mfundo za kufanana yosungira mfundo za ufulu.

Mfundo ufulu chinathandiza Kumasuka mwakufuna ndi njira imene anthu, kupanga mabungwe omwe siaboma, Gona msika. Choncho, pamene kulimbitsa lingathe chuma maiko bourgeois, ufulu wa anthu anali maziko a zachuma.

Komabe, chuma anayamba gulu la anthu, kugawanika ake mu ndondomeko ya chuma kudzikundikira ndi chitukuko cha kumapeto kwa zaka za m'ma 19, amene anamuopseza kuphulika chikhalidwe. Pansi pa zikhalidwe izi, izo anafunika kusintha kwa ufulu kukhazikitsa ofanana. Choncho, kupanga boma chikhalidwe anayamba kuthandizapo mwakhama umoyo ndi zachuma moyo wa anthu.

Kenako, lingaliro la kupanga mphamvu dongosolo kuti kuzindikira zambiri. Moyo boma anali kuchita, ndipo ubwino wake ndi ntchito akhala zikupezeka mu ndondomeko ya maiko ambiri.

Woyamba bungwe lotero mphamvu unakhazikitsidwa mu Germany. Mu digiri ina mfundo boma chikhalidwe zikugwirizananso mu ndondomeko ya Portugal, Italy, France, Spain, Turkey ndi mayiko ena.

Chofunika kwambiri yeniyeni ndi ongolankhula chitukuko cha lingaliro la mapangidwe a m'gulu la mphamvu wakhala chiphunzitso cha Keynes. Mothandizidwa ndi maganizo a zachuma a British anayambitsa mfundo ya boma, kuwonetsetsa chitukuko konsekonse.

Ofufuzawa dziwani kuti chothandizira undoubted maganizo ndi kumasulira mu moyo wapoyera Kumadzulo anali mapangidwe dongosolo Soviet. Iye nthawi zonse analengeza mu ndondomeko yawo ndi zinthu zina malamulo lathu chikhalidwe ndondomeko yake.

Ngakhale kuti Declaration Political ndi kulimbikitsa chiphunzitso cha sosholisimu mu kusowa weniweni wa anthu wamba, demokalase, ufulu, ufulu, kufanana, malinga ndi ofufuza za, palibe kumakana patsogolo weniweni m'munda wa mfundo pagulu la maiko zokomera.

Malinga ndi olemba ambiri, mapangidwe boma chikhalidwe n'chotheka mu chilengedwe demokalase ndi kachitidwe ka bungwe mphamvu akhale malamulo (m'njira zamakono za ubwino). Lero, ngati akatswiri onani, njira ya mapangidwe nyumba imeneyi si andale ndi azachuma komanso makhalidwe abwino.