Nthaka mankhwala enaake ndi kufunika kwake kwa anthu

Nthaka mankhwala enaake ndi mankhwala pawiri la zinthu ziwiri - nthaka ndi chlorine - ndipo amaimira chilinganizo ZnCl2. Nkhanizi ndi timibulu woyera.

Nthaka mankhwala enaake ndi bwino sungunuka m'madzi - firiji, solubility ake ndi 80%. Mankhwala enaake chimasungunula pa 322 ° C ndi zotupa pa 722 ° C.

mankhwala enaake nthaka analandira m'njira ziwiri. Choyamba chimake: nthaka kapena okusayidi ake sungunuka acid amathiridwa, kenako chifukwa osakaniza njira anali chamunthuyo. Chachiwiri chimake: nthaka (madzi) ndi mkangano mu mtsinje wa chlorine.

Hydrolysis kumachitika pa mankhwala enaake nthaka ndi cation ali chilinganizo zotsatirazi: ZnCl2 + H2O = ZnOHCl + HCl. Sing'anga, analandira yankho - Acid.

Industrial kupanga mankhwala enaake nthaka amapangidwa m'njira ziwiri: olimba ndi madzi. Mu mawonekedwe olimba, mankhwala ayenera kukhala mu mawonekedwe a flakes woyera, analola kudetsa pang'ono mtundu uliwonse. Mu njira ya mankhwala enaake akhale colorless kapena kuwala chikasu hue. The njira akhoza pang'ono ndimitambo.

Mu mawonekedwe olimba, kachigawo Unyinji wa mankhwala enaake ayenera kukhala osachepera 97,7%, mu njira - 50%. Nthaka mankhwala enaake si flammable.

thunthu ndi choopsa kwambiri kwa chilengedwe ndi umunthu: olimba ali 2 kawopsedwe. mankhwala A anakumana ndi khungu ndipo zimagwira ntchito zosiyanasiyana mucous wa munthu kapena nyama, amachititsa kuyabwa kwa kukhudzana yaitali ndi khungu amachititsa amayaka, umachititsa minofu. Kupangidwa m'njira kuchiritsa mabala zovuta.

Ngozi ndipo umaimira mankhwala kulowa mundawo kupuma. Mu Mlingo wamng'ono, izo zimayambitsa awakande mu mphuno komanso pakhosi ndipo pakhosi, youma chifuwa. Inhalation ndalama zambiri mankhwala enaake akhoza kuona dyspnoea ndi otchedwa kuonekeratu kupuma.

Ngati mankhwala ali m'maso, munthuyo amamva kwambiri ndithu kudula ululu. Ngati maso osati rinsed yomweyo, pangakhale okwana kapena tsankho khungu.

Chifukwa cha kawopsedwe wa mankhwala enaake nthaka, afotokoze ndi ntchito kwambiri kusamala ziyenela kuyan'anidwa. Tinthu nthaka mankhwala enaake mmatumba mu matumba kapena ng'oma ya mpweya zitsulo, njira kusamutsidwa migolo wapadera zitsulo kapena akasinja.

Yonyamula zinthu ikuchitika mwa njanji ndi msewu, ndi zoyendera nyanja. thunthu chimadzera yekha mu zipinda chatsekedwa ndipo zonse pamene Ndikuuzani munthu ayenera kuwunika kukhulupirika kwa ma CD.

Pamene akugwira ntchito mankhwala enaake nthaka, antchito ayenera kuvala mlingo yoyenera ndende ya thunthu mu ovololo mpweya, magolovesi, magalasi chitetezo ndi respirators.

Mulimonsemo sayenera kuloledwa kukhudzana ndi mankhwala enaake nthaka mu matupi madzi ndi machitidwe zimbudzi.

mankhwala enaake nthaka imagwiritsidwa ntchito m'madera ambiri a ulimi. Izo ntchito ya impregnation mbali matabwa ndi cholinga disinfection (mwachitsanzo, matabwa sleepers). mankhwala kumatanthauza kupanga CHIKWANGWANI, utoto ambiri, mano kupanga ambiri, thonje, nthaka cyanide, zotayidwa ndi ngakhale vanillin. Komanso, mankhwala enaake nthaka ntchito kuyeretsa pamalo zitsulo pamaso kupenta, chromium plating ndi soldering. yofunika kwambiri mankhwala amachita kuyeretsedwa mafuta, kusanthula khala zitsanzo zosankhidwazi ndi kupanga mabatire electrochemical.

Nthaka mankhwala enaake amagwiritsidwanso ntchito kwa ankaudaya katundu thonje, kupeza ulusi viscose monga electrolyte ndi - pamene galvanizing. Mwina kugwiritsa ntchito mankhwala mankhwala - monga mankhwala mabasi zowola ndi; maluwa - monga feteleza micronutrient.

Komanso, nthaka enaake, chifukwa cha mphamvu yake wanzeru amangokhalira kuyamwa chinyontho mpweya ntchito monga desiccant lapansi. Komanso ali ndi irreplaceable mu nkhani moto, monga kumatanthauza kupanga thovu zosagwira moto ndi nsalu impregnated ndi makatoni.