Mpingo wa St. George mu Ladoga. St. George Church (Old Ladoga)

Mudzi Ladoga m'dera Leningrad - mmodzi wa midzi wamkulu kumpoto-kumadzulo Russia. Zinali pano kumayambiriro Ages Middle anayambitsa Russian statehood. Mu theka lachiwiri la m'zaka XII akuyamba Christianisation ya mayiko amenewa. Pa njira imene Bishop Niphon mu Ladoga anamanga zisanu ndi ziwiri (malinga ndi zina - eyiti) akachisi. Mpaka tsopano kwathunthu anasunga mpingo wa St. George mu Ladoga ndi Cathedral wa Mfundo za malire a masisitere.

Mbiri ya pomanga mpingo wa St. George

kachisi anamangidwa pambuyo chigonjetso cha asilikali Russian pa asilikali a Sweden pa Voronege mtsinje. Tsiku lenileni la chiyambi cha zomangamanga si kumatanthauza, amadziwika yekha kuti mpingo anamangidwira mu 1165-1166 gg. Mu 1445 khoma kuzungulira kachisi anakula obisika. Woyambitsa wa agulupa anali bishopu wamkulu wa Novgorod Efimov. Ambuye tcheru kwambiri kukonza mpingo, komanso zojambula pa makoma a obisika a. Patapita zaka zambiri frescoes anafuna kasinthidwe. Pamaso ojambula zithunzi anali anatsutsa kusunga zojambula wakale ndi kulenga murals latsopano kale anatengera kalembedwe ndi wokhutira.

Pa nthawi yomweyo kachisi yokutidwa ndi denga, m'malo guwa chotchinga, tiika ziwiri gawo iconostasis. Chonchi malo analipo Mavuto isanafike (XVI-XVII CC.).

Mu zaka 1584-1586 mpingo wa St. George mu Ladoga osiyana matabwa kuphimba anawasema ndi conical mzikiti chokwanira. Pa wapakamwa kumadzulo ali Ufumuyo dvuhprolotnuyu belfry. Pa kukonzanso cha mpingo 1683-1684 gg. matabwa hipped chivundikiro m'malo akweza ng'oma, anaika mawindo anayi, anamaliza rastesku zenera mipata. Mwatsoka, pa nthawi ino ife sanali kulabadira zokwanira frescoes, ambiri a omwe anapha ndi zipupa ndi anasowa pansi pansi latsopano.

kubwezeretsedwa Scientific a kachisi

Chidwi mu chithunzi chakale Russian anatsitsimuka kumayambiriro kwa zaka za m'ma XIX. Mpingo wa St. George mu Ladoga, amene mbiri amabwerera zaka zambiri, anabwera pansi pa zothandizira mipingo yawo ya mfumu m'mabwinja Commission. Chifukwa chakuti anthu okonda frescoes ndi opulumutsidwa. Kutengera zithunzi kutengela wojambula VA Prokhorov, NE Brandenburg. Akatswiri a Russian amakedzana VN Lazarev, vv Suslov kuphunzira luso mbali frescoes.

M'zaka XX ntchito pa kachisi, amene anali wodzipereka mu 1904. Ndi mwamwayi osangalala, tchalitchi cha St. George mu Ladoga anapulumuka chiwonongeko zoopsa panthawi kuti kulibe nkhondo. Zimathandiza kulenganso obisika ali mapulani, azambiriyakale, ojambula zithunzi, kukambirana kubwezeretsa - vv Danilov, EA Dobmrovskaya, AA Draga ndi ena. Mu 1996, ntchito yobwezeretsa inatha. Chifukwa, Mpingo St. George anapeza maonekedwe pachiyambi. Makoma a kachisi anamasulidwa accretions mlendo, ndipo tsopano chidwi cha mpingo anapereka zintchito za luso lakalekale.

About Saint George

Woyang'anira woyera wa mpingo ndi wofera woyera George kudakali m'dziko lake kuvomereza Chikristu. Kuthana okhala ku Palesitina Chikhristu chinali zotsatira za kupambana kwa woyera mtima pa magulu oipa kudziwika monga Chozizwitsa cha St. George ndi chinjoka.

Pa nthawi imeneyo, anthu a mzinda Palestina la Ebala anali achikunja. nzika ndi mantha kwambiri a njoka yoopsa amene ankakhala mu chimumana kudya anthu. Kuti apulumutse anthu ake, mfumu inalamula kuti apatsidwe kudyedwa ndi njoka mwana wina tsiku ndi tsiku. Kamodzi ana mu mzinda chotsala, nsembe ya nyama anabweretsa wolemekezeka.

Bakuman ataima pa gombe la nyanja, kutsanzika kuti tsoka lake, pamene mwadzidzidzi, balamanthu, anaonekera ndi pamahatchi. Zinali St. George, anakwera kuthandiza nzika. Mothandizidwa ndi Mulungu, mu Dzina la Yesu Khristu, njoka anagonjetsedwa, womangidwa ndi kupatsa kuphedwa Palestinians. Kuona imawonongeka chilombo, anthu anakondwera ndi kukhulupirira mwa Khristu.

George ndi chinjoka ndiwo chizindikiro eponymous. Mtima wa St. George kugonjetseratu chilombo, kusonyeza chigonjetso cha munthu pa magulu oipa pa zofooka awo, zokonda zawo ndi kukayikira m'chikhulupiriro. Nkhondo yolimbana ndi zoipa ndi kukhala osati otizungulira, koma tokha.

Mpingo wa St. George mu Ladoga: zomangamanga

Monga tanena chifukwa cha ntchito kuberekana kwa anthu ambiri, kachisi wobwezeretsedwa kwa mtundu wapachiyambi. nyumbayi likufanana kalembedwe nyumba zachipembedzo za chisanadze Mongol nyengo. Chimodzi-ozungulira mpingo, ali mizati inayi ndi apses atatu ravnovysokih. Kutalika kwa kachisi ndi mamita khumi tidakhala malo ndi makumi awiri mamita lalikulu.

Mazenera kumpoto, kum'mwera ndi kum'mawa pamakoma imakonzedwa asymmetrically. chosokonekera Traditional unkagwiritsidwa yekha pa wapakamwa kumadzulo. Kudzera mwa kamangidwe mapulani mu maonekedwe a kachisi amabweretsa mphamvu, nyumbayi sichitsata classically wokhwimitsa kuja.

Asymmetry lili ndi tanthauzo zinchito: mawindo anakonza kuti kuwala ali mu chipinda. Zenera ming'alu mpanda kumpoto ndi kum'mwera pamakoma anamanga monga piramidi. Mawindo, yomwe ili pansi, pansi zomera chatsegulidwa. kwayala chipinda pa yosanja ngodya kumadzulo kwa mpingo ogwirizana ndi kuvala matabwa. The staircase zikubweretsa zomera ndi ili khoma kumadzulo.

kum'mawa kwa mpanda kachisi pamakoma penapake yafupika kukula, ndi apse ngati mbamuikha mu mpanda wa ng'oma ndi ankatembenukira kwambiri kum'mawa. Mpingo uli osati centric, amene anali lililonse a zomangamanga Novgorod a nthawi imeneyo. kachisi anamangidwa pa malo, kotero mabwana anakakamizika kuganizira nyumba kale.

kupenta kachisi

St. George Church ndi frescoes cha chiyambi cha m'ma XII. Byzantine luso ndi zapiringizana ndi zosowa zokhudza Ancient Lazaro. Kusankha zojambula - kuphunzitsa anthu, agwirizane atsogoleri a chipembedzowo ndi mfundo Mkhristu. Makamaka akulemekezedwa m'dziko Novgorod anali St. Kliment Rimsky.

Frescoes wa St. George Church anapangidwa kalembedwe chomwecho. The amisiri a nthawi imeneyo wogwidwa zofunika luso luso, anamva mtundu, ankadziwa liwu ndi malamulo a dongosolo mogwirizana ndi danga kachisi.

Kuti anapulumuka yekha wachisanu wa frescoes lapansi. bwino kuonekera onse ng'oma ya mzikiti ndi utoto zikuchokera "Ascension". Pamwamba pa guwa akamachita mafumu, aneneri, Davide ndi Solomo, Novgorod akulemekezedwa chifukwa cha nzeru zawo ndi kuganizira Akristu. Olamulirawo anatembenuzira nkhope la akulu: Yesaya, Yeremiya, Mika, Gideoni, a Nahumu, Ezekiel. Komanso, fano la Lady athu opulumutsidwa Arhangela Gavriila, Bishop Ioanna Milostivogo, Georgiya Pobedonostsa, angelo.

mpingo Town

Mpingo wa St. George m'mudzi wa Staraya Ladoga. Ndi kuthetsa wamkulu m'dera Leningrad. The nyumba yoyamba pano anazipeza 753. Ladoga amatchulidwa "nthano ya makedzana Zaka" monga cholowa cha Prince Rurik. Malinga ndi Novgorod Chronicle, m'mudzi m'manda Aulosi Oleg.

Kuwonjezera pa St. George Church, Old Ladoga ali eponymous owonetsera zakale-malo, Staraya Ladoga linga, akazi ndi mchitidwe umenewu wamwamuna.