Mphungu lalikulu: mitundu kufotokoza

Izi mbalame zazikulu, mosavuta ndipo momasuka akuyandama mu mlengalenga, woyamikiridwa inaccessibility ake, ukulu ndi mphamvu zosaneneka. Osati popanda chifukwa pa nkhani zambiri wowerengeka, izo ali ndi malo olemekezeka a mfumu ya mbalame zonse.

Nkhaniyi azipereka Eagles chachikulu cha dziko ndi Russia, kapena m'malo ena a iwo. Izi wokongola komanso wachisomo zimphona lonse watanthauzo yaikulu ndi amphamvu mapiko wamphamvu.

pa mphungu

Mu chikhalidwe, pali banja lalikulu la mphungu, womwenso osiyanasiyana a mphungu. Komabe, mu Russia, si kwambiri: lagolide mphungu, mfumu, ndi gravedigger, nyenyezi yaing'ono, Mphamba, zakutchire, chachikulu ndiponso wochepekedwa mabanga mphungu.

Aliyense wa awa pachiyambi, ndi zinthu zina mu dongosolo, mu kukula, malo okhala ndi makhalidwe ake. Zonsezi ndi zimene mphungu lalikulu padziko lapansi, ayankhidwa m'nkhaniyi.

golide chiwombankhanga

Zonse mitundu kudziwika a mphungu, golide mphungu - mmodzi wa wamphamvu kwambiri ndi wokongola. Kuchuluka kwa mapiko ake amphamvu ukufika mamita 2. Ndipo mchira wake, kusewera udindo wa chiwongolero ndi kuwapatsa maneuverability ndi liwiro, chachikulu kwambiri kale. Pa nkhani imeneyi, Primechenie mphungu nyama mwayi wa kupulumutsidwa ndi pafupifupi ayi.

Mlomo wa mphungu ndi chida champhamvu. Lolembedwa ndi lalikulu ndi yokhota kumapeto. kudula ake m'mbali mphungu angathe kusema khungu la munthu wovulalayo. Ndipo ili si chida chofunika kwambiri. Iye ali ndi zikhadabu zamphamvu zimene amagwira ndi kupha iwo kuti agwidwa nyama.

Kusaka mphungu mphungu pa zosiyanasiyana nyama makoswe (marmots, agologolo nthaka ndi hares), mbalame (grouse ndi capercaillie), sing'anga-kakulidwe ungulates. Ngakhale akamba nthawi zina atavutika, ngakhale ali, mwakuwoneka, odalirika zida. Yotsirizira amasewera yofunika tsenga mbalame motere. Iye chitaya anagwira kamba kuchokera kumwamba, kotero kuti chipolopolo wasweka miyala, ndi zokoma wachifundo nyama amakhala chakudya golide mphungu.

Chisa cha mbalame ndi awiri yaikulu mamita 2 ndi kutalika kwa chimodzi. Mkati mwa mphungu kukhala kufalikira mphungu tsitsi, zidutswa za khungu, nthambi zamitengo ndi masamba, nthambi yatsopano pine. Mu chikhalidwe, mungapeze chisa, anamanga, ngakhale pamalo okwera za 3000 meters.

Andean condor

Izi wokulirapo mbalame tikukhala mu Andes ndipo pa Pacific gombe. mamita atatu a kuchuluka kwa mapiko condor a. Amadziwika kuti chimphona kolala lake nthenga woyera m'khosi pa maziko a wokongola glossy wakuda nthenga, komanso Crest pamutu.

Izo wakudya makamaka pa zovunda, koma akhoza kusaka mbalame sing'anga-kakulidwe, ndipo amakonda kudya mazira. A okwana condor akhoza kudya pa wakhala za 6 makilogalamu nyama.

Kukhala zimphona izi si mkulu mu mapiri, kumene zisa zawo pafupifupi 5-mita kutalika.

peregrine

Mbalame ali ndi dzina, imene Latin amatanthauza "ulendo" ndipo mpake kutero. Iye amayenda kulikonse, kuyendera pa ndege kumpoto ku Ulaya, Asia, America, ndipo molowera ku Africa Central.

Mdima imvi mthunzi chapamwamba mbali ya thupi mbalame ali yamawangamawanga triangular ndipo m'munsi, chikasu malankhulidwe - mdima mikwingwirima. Blotchy ndege nthenga buluu wakuda.

Kukaikira mazira a mbalame chimphona nkhalango lalikulu, interspersed ndi miyala. Peregrine - mbalame kukaikira mazira mu mphako ya ovuta yotsetsereka, koma amafuna kuti aponye nyumba miimba ndi mphungu. Zaka 50 zapitazo iye chinaoneka ngakhale mu nyumba mkulu-nyamuka mu mzinda wa Europe.

Chakudya chachikulu cha Peregrines - mbalame (kuchokera larks kuti atsekwe). Palibe zodabwitsa iwo amatchedwa ndi njiwa. Pa kusakasaka mbalame nyama kukhala liwiro lalikulu, ndi zina zambiri zimachitika kuti woberedwa, Kuzinda, nathawa; ndipo mmbulu wa wosweka chotchinga.

Zazikulu Hunter Chimphamba. Komabe, ngati chiwombankhanga ena, ndi kufunafuna cha adani ake ena anagwira amatulutsa nkuyamba. Umene uli ntchito ndi mbalame zina zovuta za nyama. Kawirikawiri mukam'bisalire kabawi peregrine kuti mosavuta.

Peregrine, monga ambiri mphungu kwambiri, kuyambira kale ntchito ndi anthu wosaka mbalame. Kumasiyana ndi mphungu ena kusaka pang'ono zing'onozing'ono kukula, kanthawi mchira ndipo mwamphamvu wopindidwa mulomo.

harpy Philippines

Wamphamvu ameneyu zolusa mbalame za banja Accipitridae mosiyana otchedwa obezyanoedom. Philippines harpy - mmodzi wa mbalame rarest mu padziko lonse lapansi. Iwo umakhala okha Philippines, nkhalango zotentha. Izi mbalame - chimodzi mwa zizindikiro zazikulu mtundu wa dziko, ndipo kukuteteza boma. Kupha ndi chilango ndi malamulo ake Philippines zaka khumi ndi ziwiri mu ndende ndi chabwino lolemera.

Makulidwe Philippines harpies chidwi :. Utali kwa masentimita 80 100, m'lifupi mwake chikhatho chimodzi phiko - mchira za 220 masentimita yaitali ndi mapiko yochepa kulola mbalame N'zosavuta kwa akamagwiritsa mu ndege m'nkhalango zowirira.

Mbalame mutu yochitidwa-ocher pileated nthenga ndi lopapatiza yaitali ndi kumbuyo mbali ndi pa mapiko a bulauni mitundu ndi mchira - ndi mdima mikwingwirima yopingasa. Mimba ndi utoto mtundu ocher-yochitidwa.

Mbalame ali mkulu ndi mlomo lalikulu kwambiri.

Pomaliza, mfundo zina zosangalatsa

Mphungu lalikulu, alipo pa dziko lapansi lero, likukhalira, si yaikulu. Mu 2000, The magazini Times lofalitsidwa lipoti zokopa zimene ofukula anapeza mafupa a mphungu New Zealand chiphona. Asayansi ntchito zosiyanasiyana maphunziro aona kuti kulemera kwa mbalame anapeza akafuna kuti makilogalamu 20, zomwe zambiri sanawalole kuti muime m'mwamba zedi. Ndipotu ina chidwi - ankagwidwa ndi zipangizo wakale, zopangidwa ndi mafupa a mbalame zikuluzikulu.

Zotsatira zokopa zimapezeka amayerekezera DNA lapansi. Kunapezeka kuti mabwinja a mphungu yaikulu, kamodzi kumene kuli New Zealand.

Komanso, DNA a mtundu wakale Kodi sizigwirizana ndi aliyense wa mitundu ano. Only pygmy mphungu DNA akufanana mbalame. mphungu chimphona kudyetsedwa ndi mbalame wocheperako (ngati atsekwe), omwe analipo anthu. Pa nkhani imeneyi, anthu awo mofulumira yafupika, ndi iwo kwathunthu zinatha pa nthawi. Ndipo patsogolo pawo iwo wathedwa ndi mphungu chimphona amene ataya gwero yaikulu ya zakudya.