Momwe khansa ndi chochita kuteteza matenda?

Munthu aliyense kumva mawu ochokera pakamwa pa dokotala n'chimodzimodzi ndi chilango cha imfa. N'chifukwa chake anthu ambiri kupewa Kupenda yake ndi akatswiri chifukwa cha mantha kuphunzira za matenda zoopsa.

Akatswiri a sayansi amanena kuti nthawi matenda a khansa langoyamba angathe kuchizidwa bwinobwino. Kuzunza anthu ku Ulaya pa nkhani ya thanzi ndi apamwamba kuposa a ku Russia.

Koma Nkhani yaikulu nkhawa malingaliro a umunthu: "Kodi kukhala khansa?" Ngakhale kafukufuku osaleka madokotala, mmene chinsinsi cha matenda m'thupi la munthu Zatsala sanaifotokoze. Universal mankhwala khansa silinakwaniritsidwe anatulukira.

History of Cancer Research

Kuyambira kale, anthu amadera nkhawa za matenda osadziwika kuti wawononga anyamata ndi okalamba. About matenda chokhala zizindikiro za khansa amatchulidwa mu mbiri ku Egypt, amene m'badwo zaka 3000. Izi zikusonyeza kuti matenda ndi wamkulu monga anthu. Mawu akuti "khansa" anayambitsa Gippokrat amene anaonera ndondomeko pathological a khansa odwala. Iye adayitana matenda "onkos" kutanthauza "kutupa".

Mpaka pakati pa Ages Middle zinali zoletsedwa pa kung'ambika kwa matupi pambuyo pa imfa, ndipo kafukufuku khansa ndinayima. Mu 17-18 zaka TH anadza Choonadi. Madokotala apatsidwa chilolezo kuphunzira zimayambitsa imfa za anthu, kudzera mwa kutsegula. Panthawi imeneyi, maphunziro a sayansi Kansayo ankadumphira patsogolo. mitundu yonse ndi magawo a matenda apezeka ndi anthu wabwera mantha. Chinthu choyipa ndichoti munali bwinobwino kwathunthu momwe kudwala khansa?

Kenako, madokotala aphunzira kusiyanitsa chotupa pa maziko a mwayi wa kupulumuka wodwala anthu. Anayamba kugawidwa mu mtima wabwino ndi zilonda. The woyamba anali wosiyana kukula pang'onopang'ono, ndipo metastasis kupewedwa bwinobwino anachotsa opaleshoni. zotupa zilonda osiyana chomwe chinasintha mofulumira kwambiri ndipo anaphedwa ndi metastasis anthu. Awa ndi maselo amene anasiyanitsidwa ndi chotupa kholo ndi m'magazi kapena dongosolo lymphatic inafalikira mu thupi la munthu, kapena kusuntha mwa cavities thupi. Iwo kutulutsa poizoni ndi ogwetsa maselo wathanzi. Wonyeketsa ndalama yaikulu kwambiri shuga magazi, iwo mosatsata chakudya maselo ena ndi ziwalo. Poizoni khansa poizoni chamoyo zatha ndipo limafa.

Kodi kuyamba matenda a khansa?

Kaya kukula kapena kufika chotupacho, izo zimachokera ku selo imodzi. Monga kamodzi unit ambiri chamoyo, izo anachita ntchito mwachizolowezi. Koma ndiye chinachake chinachitika, ndipo ichi ndi foni ya chamoyo kuti mukakhale mlendo osatinso kumvera malamulo a Maphunziro Akakhalidwe Kazolengedwa. Pakadali pano, izo sanasinthe maonekedwe, chitetezo chokwanira wothandizila simunandikhudze ake. Koma posakhalitsa maselo anayamba kuchulukana kosaleka. Pakuti zinthu utangoyamba tikusowa zedi wa mphamvu. Iwo kuchijambula icho kwa mtsinje wa magazi. Choncho, khansa ndi wotukuka kwambiri kachitidwe mtima. Woyamwa magazi a shuga onse, chotupacho zimaleka kukula ndipo kufooketsa khamu chamoyo. Ichi ndi chitsanzo limagwirira mmene kudwala khansa. Koma n'chifukwa chiyani zimenezi zimachitika akadali chinsinsi.

Asayansi zikumangidwa adzachita zazikulu pa chinawathandiza kumvetsa n'chakuti wa matupi a anthu. Ankaganiza kuti mauthenga adzatha kupeza chinsinsi kuthetsa nkhani ya zimayambitsa khansa. Koma ziyembekezero ambiri anali pachabe. Ngakhale disclosing chakuti munthu DNA ali kutengera za khansa, zakuchiritsa nthenda yoopsa mlingo chibadwa, iwo sangathe.

Zina mwa zifukwa

Mu kuphunzira funso mmene kudwala khansa, asayansi tasiya kwambiri cha zinsinsi. Koma iwo ali bwino kudziwa mfundo ziti zimene zingapangitse mapangidwe zotupa. zifukwa izi anafotokozedwa mfundo zoopsa. Njirazi ndi monga:

• Carcinogens. Back mu anapeza m'ma 18 British wasayansi Pott anali wopangidwa: chikusesa m'chumunicho kupeza khansa ya scrotum ndi zambiri zambiri kuposa anthu. Chifukwa cha ichi - kukhudzana zonse ndi mwaye. zinthu zimenezi mulinso asibesitosi, fodya, 3,4-benzopyrene ndi ena.
• Cheza. Zitsanzo Sad wa Hiroshima ndi Nagasaki ndi Chernobyl asonyeza asayansi kuti ionizing cheza ndi kutsogolera wamphamvu kukula kwa zotupa khansa. Kuchuluka kwa anthu pambuyo walitsa kuchuluka nthawi makumi anai.
• Tizilombo toyambitsa matenda. Ndi kachilombo khansa - si nthano. Iwo imatsimikizirika kuti anthu papilloma HIV zimachititsa mkazi ali ndi khansa khomo lachiberekero. The matenda akhoza opatsirana pogonana ndi akazi nthawi zambiri kusintha abwenzi, ndi pangozi yaikulu ya kudwala matenda a khansa.
• Cholowa chimene chingawapangitse kukhala zidakwa. Mu mankhwala, pali chinthu chotero monga "banja khansa". Koma kodi inu mukudziwa zomwe ndi imabwera mwana khansa? Inde, ngati m'banja pali ena odwala khansa, Mwina kudwala ukuwonjezeka matenda. Koma abadwe ngati makolo sizikutanthauza kuti munthu amene nthawi zonse amadwala ndi kufa ndi matenda a kansa. Tikuyankhula zokhudza kutengera za kuti njira akhoza kusonyeza.
• Chifanizo cha moyo wa munthu. Kodi munthu amadya, kumwa, ndi mmene zimene zikukhudzana ndi thupi lanu likukhudza thanzi lake. Mphamvu ya zizolowezi zoipa, makamaka kusuta, pa zosayembekezereka wa khansa chimaoneka ndi zaka za kafukufuku mderali.

Features mankhwala khansa

anthu onse adzadziwa kuti matenda ndi kosavuta kupewa kuposa kuchiza. Zimenezi zikugwira makamaka khansa. adokotala akhoza kuchiza gastritis athamanga, koma mu nkhani ya gawo lotsiriza la khansa sangayerekeze kupereka madokotala ananena zawo zabwino.

Akatswiri amakhala wabwino kwambiri mankhwala khansa langoyamba. Njira imene anasankha mwangwiro payekha. Opaleshoni, cheza kapena mankhwala amphamvu - njira zonse izi zimathandiza, koma yake odwala akufuna thandizo. Pambuyo mankhwala madokotala adzaweruzidwa mphamvu ya miyeso mawu a mlingo kupulumuka zaka zisanu. Ngati nthawi imeneyi konzanso ndi khansa sanapangepo lokha anamva, madokotala ananena kuti munthu wathanzi.

Tiyeni tione mmene mukhoza kupeza khansa.

Ndingafike khansa?

Ataphunzira kuti munthu ali ndi khansa, anamuperekeza wake nthawi zina mosazindikira amayesetsa kukhala kutali ndi iye. Madokotala amakonda kumva odwala awo funso lakuti: "Kodi inu kupeza khansa" Asayansi kafukufuku Recent m'munda umenewu asonyeza kuti pali tizilombo zimene zimachititsa khansa. tizilombo toyambitsa matenda njirazi ndi izi:

• Kachilomboka a chiwindi B ndi C. Nthawi zambiri iwo opatsirana pogonana kapena mwa mwazi. Kamodzi mu thupi, bwanji chiwindi. Anayambika yolimbikira magawano selo, pali kutupa ndi chiopsezo cha kutembenuka kwa minofu thanzi khansara.
• Human Papilloma Virus. Iwo opatsirana pogonana ndi kungachititse kuti khansa khomo lachiberekero. Ndi kuwonjezeka pafupipafupi kusintha mwa ophatikidzana kumachititsa mkazi wa khansa. Katemera ndi papillomavirus sangathe 100% kuteteza zosayembekezereka wa khansara, ali ndi kulemera kwa contraindications.
• Herpes mavairasi, kuphatikizapo Epstein-Barr HIV. Amasonyezera zizindikiro za angina ndi kumaonjezera ngozi ya khansa.

Kodi inu kupeza khansa ya mmimba?

Akukhulupirira kuti bakiteriya Helicobacter pylori INGATHE kuyambitsa matenda lofunika kwambiri. Kodi ndingafike khansa ya mmimba? Kumpsyompsyonana wodwala, kapena kumwa galasi wake? Kodi si mantha. Bakiteriya pakokha chifukwa cha khansa. Ngati nembanemba mucous m'mimba chawonongeka, ndiye chamoyo kungachititse kuti ulceration. kudwala uyu, nayenso angathe hule chitukuko cha khansa. Koma chilonda chifukwa cha Helicobacter pylori, akhoza bwinobwino ankachitira ndi mankhwala. Chiopsezo cha khansa amakwiya onenepa, amaika kudya nyama wofiira ndi zinthu zina chiopsezo anafotokoza kale.

Kodi kupewa khansa khomo lachiberekero?

akazi ambiri amachita chidwi ndi funso bwanji kupewa khansa khomo lachiberekero? Akatswiri kupereka angapo ayamikira:

• Panthawi yake ndi zonse akapita ku gynecologist lapansi. akazi kafukufuku pafupipafupi mu katswiri ayenera kukhala osachepera kawiri pa chaka kuchita mayeso pap. Ali wopanikizika n'zotheka kudziwa nthawi maonekedwe a zotupa kapena kusintha zina pathological mu matupi a dongosolo kugonana mkazi. Izi facilitates kuyankha yake vuto - agwire chithandizo zofunika - ndi kukupulumutsani ku mavuto aakulu m'tsogolo.
• A abwino ndi odalirika kulera. kukonzekera mokwanira kungakuthandizeni ana akazi kupewa mimba. Monga mchitidwe wasonyeza matenda, awiri pa atatu akazi ndi khansara khomo lachiberekero ayamba kuchotsa mimba. Aliyense anali ndi mimba kumaonjezera ngozi ya matenda a khansa ndi 8%.
• Pewani zachiwerewere ndi kusintha pafupipafupi okondedwa. Pa kugonana mosadziteteza amapezeka kufala kwa kachilombo koyambitsa, kamene kamayambitsa khansa khomo lachiberekero.
• Katemera ndi HPV. Izi muyeso ndi polimbana 80% ya mitundu ya bakiteriya.

Kodi khansa ya mu ubongo?

Madokotala sangathe bwino kuyankha funso mmene kukhala khansa ya ubongo. Kudziwa zimayambitsa thupi ili kwa Oncology sayansi koma n'zotheka. Komabe, madokotala anatha kudziwa bwino gulu la zinthu zimene zingachititse mapangidwe zotupa ubongo. Njirazi ndi monga:

• Mbali chibadwa. Mbali ya khansa ya mu ubongo akhoza zimachitika anthu amene anali ndi banja ngati matenda. Komanso, ambiri syndromes imfayo khansa. Zikuphatikizapo neurofibromatosis choyamba ndi mtundu chachiwiri, syndrome Gorlin ndi Turco.
• Dzuwa, kapena cheza ionizing. Chinthu Ichi ndi zogwirizana ndi antchito makampani nyukiliya. Pachiopsezo mulinso odwala kuchizidwa ndi cheza mankhwala a mutu monga mankhwala.
• Carcinogenic mankhwala. Anthu ntchito mu mapulasitiki ndi zovala, komanso ali pa chiopsezo chifukwa kutseka kukhudzana ndi mankhwala woopsawo.

Vutolo ndi yaikulu ubongo mafoni zipangizo ndi kuvulala munthu. Sanalemberetu ndi malumikizanidwe pakati pa iwo ndi zosayembekezereka ya khansa ya mu ubongo. Tikawonetsetsa anthu ndi matenda Oncology thupi ili sangakhale poyera mfundozi makamaka.

Tingayambe khansa magazi?

Kwa anthu ambiri, palibe kuipa chifukwa odwala khansa magazi. Today nthendayo kudzinenera miyoyo ya masauzande anthu, ndi chifukwa pakuwonekera kwake akadali chinsinsi kwa madokotala. Komabe, maphunziro mderali omwe kuuzidwa bwino pa zinthu zingapo zimene zimachititsa khansa. Pakati pawo, mfundo zotsatirazi:

• Cheza. Anthu poyera kuti zowononga kuti ndi lalikulu chiopsezo mokwanira zosiyanasiyana khansa: pachimake myeloid, myelocytic aakulu kapena pachimake lymphoblastic.
• Fodya kusuta kumaonjezera ngozi ya khansa myeloblastic mu mawonekedwe pachimake.
• Morning monga mankhwala zosiyanasiyana khansa kukhala khansa provocateur.
• matenda Chromosomal titadziwa chikhalidwe, monga matenda Down, kumaonjezera ngozi ya khansa.
• Chibadwa sikawirikawiri limodzi ndi chitukuko cha khansa magazi. Ngati zimenezi zachitika, ndi lymphocytic khansa.

Koma ngakhale munthu wapita zinthu limodzi kapena angapo, izi sizitanthauza kuti tingafunike kudwala ndi khansa. Matendawa akhoza siziwoneka.

Monga pali khansa ya m'mapapo?

Pa kuopsa kwa fodya ine ndimakhoza kumva munthu aliyense padziko lapansili. Komabe, osuta izi zisakhale zochepa. Malinga ndi kafukufuku, 90% ya zoterezi ichi ndi chifukwa chachikulu cha chinthu precipitating mu chitukuko cha khansa ya dongosolo kupuma wa munthu. osuta kwambiri ndiponso osaganizira mmene kudwala khansa ya m'mapapo. Fodya lili ambiri carcinogens, lomwe pa kukhudzana yaitali kuti epithelium bronchial kuphwanya dongosolo, columnar epithelium kwasanduka lathyathyathya multilayered, ndipo pali khansa ya m'mapapo. Pachiopsezo komanso ali chabe osuta.

Chifukwa cha zinthu zoipa zimene zingachititse khansa ya m'mapapo, mulinso:

• Gasi kusukulutsa mpweya a m'mizinda ikuluikulu.
• Mankhwala-carcinogens: chromium, Arsenic, faifi tambala, asibesitosi.
• Aakulu kutupa dongosolo kupuma.
• Anasamutsa TB.
• M'mapapo mwanga fibrosis.

kusintha kulikonse pathological kuoneka bwino bwino pa x-ray a m'mapapo. Choncho muyenera kutenga pachifuwa X-ray pa chaka.

Kukhala popanda khansa

Monga mmene kumapeto, palibe otetezedwa ku yatsoka ndi khansa. Komabe, izi mfundo mukhoza kwambiri kuchepetsa kufala kwa matenda oopsa. Madokotala amatilangiza momwe tingakhalire, osati kuti khansa. Nawa malangizo yosavuta:

• Onongani takbakokureniya ndi kuchepetsa kufala kwa khansara nthawi 10.
• Kutenga magazi kuti matenda tizilombo. Ngati munthu ali chotengera cha tizilomboto oopsa, m'pofunika zonse kuyan'ana mkhalidwe wa thanzi lawo.
• Kulimbitsa chitetezo cha m'thupi. Healthy moyo, Kupuma thupi makalasi zotheka, mankhwala kusamba, tempering - zonsezi kumalimbitsa chitetezo cha m'thupi ndipo masamba palibe mwayi khansa.
• Perekani mokwanira mayeso njira. M'pofunika kawirikawiri kukaona anthu chabwino ndi kutenga mayesero yoyenera. Nthawi matenda a khansa ndi pafupifupi nthawi zonse curable.
• Pewani nkhawa ndi maganizo. Optimists moyo wautali ndi bwino.

Chakudya ndi khansa

Akatswiri kutipatsa angapo ayamikira, kodi kudya kupewa khansa. Pali chitsanzo pakati pa zakudya zikuchokera ndi kudwala matenda a khansa. Malinga WHO, 40% ya khansa ya mu amuna ndi 60% mu akazi akukhudzana zolakwa chakudya.

The zakudya odana ndi khansa ali mbali ziwiri: chakudya saphunzira otaya carcinogens mu thupi ndi ntchito onkoprotektor achilengedwe. Madotolo zotsatirazi malangizo zakudya:

• Kuchepetsa kugwiritsa ntchito mankhwala kusuta ngati chimasanduka polycyclic - ndi carcinogen amphamvu.
• yosungirako katundu pa kutentha mokwanira otsika kumabwezera mmbuyo chitukuko cha carcinogens mu iwo.
• N'zoona anasankha njira kuphika - izo otentha, stewing ndi zimene zimapita.
• chakudya kutentha control: zisamatero kwambiri kutentha ndi kuzizira.
• Musaononge mchere. Daily mlingo - 5 ga, ndipo zambiri amapezeka mu zakudya.
• Pewani kudya, imbaenda kunenepa ndi khansa.
• Kuchepetsa kumwa nyama mafuta mokomera masamba mafuta.
• kudya mokwanira mavitamini ndi mchere, monga E, A, C, D, B9, B2, B6, B5, potassium selenium, ayodini ndi kuchepetsa chiopsezo cha khansa.
• Kudya CHIKWANGWANI amachepetsa chiopsezo mbewu. Mu zakudya idzikhala pano 5 servings masamba atsopano, zipatso, monga chimanga chinangwa, nyemba.

Pomaliza

Chikhalidwe cha khansa silinakwaniritsidwe anathana ndi sayansi yamakono zachipatala. matenda angayambe anthu ku banja wathanzi mwamtheradi, ndipo Komano, munthu pa chiopsezo m'zonse, kodi mosangalala moyo ndi zaka kucha akale, osadziwa za matenda oncological. Bola ngati anthufe sanapezeke yankho ku funso la mmene anthu kupeza khansa, osati kungoti iye mankhwala, ife kungathandize kuchepetsa ngozi ndi kukhala mogwirizana ndi thupi lawo. Kukhala wathanzi osati kudwala!