Mmene angagwirire njira ufulu ocheza nawo?

ufulu kucheza njira chimagwiritsidwa ntchito kuwerenga maganizo kwa ndithu nthawi yaitali. Mlembi wake ndi mmodzi mwa odziwika kwambiri komanso maganizo m'mbiri ya psychoanalysis Sigmund Freud. Ndipo Iye adafotokoza njira iyi ndi ntchito mu ntchito yake, anadutsa kuti ophunzira ake komanso izo mu psychoanalysis otchedwa, imene atatchuka wake. Ngati mukufuna kudziwa zambiri za njira ufulu kusonkhana, zimene imaimira ndi zimene ntchito, ndiye nkhaniyi ndi inu.

Sigmund Freud

Ngati kulankhula za njira ufulu kusonkhana, m'pofunika kutchula amene anayambitsa njira imeneyi, ndicho, Sigmund Freud. Iye anakhala ndi kugwira ntchito mu theka lachiwiri la chakhumi ndi chisanu ndi chinayi ndi zoyambirira za mazana makumi awiri. Iye anabadwa ku Austria Ufumu mumzinda wa Freiberg, amene panopa mwachirengedwe wa Czech Republic. Iye anapanga zopereka kwambiri kuti kuwerenga maganizo, ndipo ntchito zake amagwiritsa ntchito ndipo anayamikira, anaphunzira ku mayunivesite ndi ntchito kumapeto, ngakhale kuti sanali mwachangu monga kale. Anakhazikitsa kapangidwe zitatu zikuluzikulu za psyche, ndi lingaliro la "Ine", "ndi" ndi "wapamwamba-wokonda". Kuti Freud anauza dziko za magawo psychosexual chitukuko anthu, iye anafotokoza njira chitetezo cha psyche anthu, ndi zina zambiri, chifukwa zachitika mu maganizo ndi maganizo m'dera zonse, imene inkatchedwa "Freudian". Ndipo izo ziri mu chimango cha Freudianism ndipo pali otchedwa psychoanalysis, limene kugwedezeka dziko la maganizo a anthu ndiponso maganizo pa nthawi. chigawo chake chachikulu ndi njira ufulu kusonkhana, kotero sitingathe kulankhula za izo osauza nokha psychoanalysis ambiri.

psychoanalysis ndi chiyani?

Choncho chimene chikuchitika mu njira psychoanalysis ufulu ocheza nawo? Freud zochokera ntchito yake pa njira imeneyi. Choncho, tikhoza kunena kuti ndi lofunika kwambiri psychoanalysis.

Psychoanalysis - malangizo a maganizo, amene anayambitsa ndi Sigmund Freud. Iye anakhulupirira kuti aliyense psyche anthu lagawidwa amazindikira kukomoka. Ndipo psychoanalysis, mosiyana ndi zinthu zina zonse, wakhala lolunjika pa ntchito chabe ndi kukomoka. Ichi chimatanthauza kuti kuphunzira zinthu wodwalayo muthandizeni, chithandizo wake ikuchitika ntchito si njira kwambiri miyambo, zimene zinaphatikizapo ngakhale kumasulira maloto. M'kupita kwa nthawi, ndithudi, njira izi afala, ndi njira ufulu kusonkhana, zitsanzo zomwe zafotokozedwa m'tsogolo, ngakhale anakhala mmodzi wa atsogoleri kuwerenga maganizo ndi maganizo.

Kodi njira imeneyi?

njira ya ufulu kusonkhana mu psychoanalysis, monga mukudziwa, ali ndi udindo waukulu ndipo imathandiza kwambiri. Koma ndi chiyani icho? Monga tanena kale, Freud ndi psychoanalysis umalimbana mosadziŵa mu anthu psyche, ndipo pa ichi maziko, ili njira ntchito. Kwenikweni ake kwagona kuti katswiri wa safuna kuti ntchito ndi malingaliro zomveka ndi maganizo a wodwala, iye angochita mwakuya, moti chikumbumtima anthu akuyesera kuti isachitidwe pozungulira ndipo ngakhale kwa iyemwini. Koma mmene ndendende umagwira ntchito motani? Momwe kumalo amene ali ozama mu psyche anthu? The njira ya ufulu mawu kucheza ndi wangwiro chida kwa ndendende zimene muyenera kuotcha.

Kodi njira imeneyi?

Choncho, akamanena za njira kwagona kuti katswiri walola mtima wake kunena chirichonse chimene chimabwera m'maganizo ake. Iye sakunena n'kumufunsa mafunso ndi sindikuyesera kupeza mfundo. Iye sakutiuza kuletsa mavuto - wodwala ndi kumuuza zonse zimene amabwera mu mutu wake, ngakhale kwambiri nthabwala ndi zolaula zinthu. Job katswiri - kumvera wodwala, kulemba zonse mu mtsinje wa chikumbu ukuyenda kuchokera mkamwa wodwala, ndiyeno kulungamitsa dzina a ntchito, ndiye kuganizira mwakuya za mfundo. Koyamba kuti zingaoneke zosamveka - kuti akhoza katengedwa ku otaya wapakamwa sasunthika ndi chilichonse? Komabe, kwenikweni zinthu siziri mophweka mmene zilili panopo. Freud sakanati odziwika bwino, ngati mtsinje zachibadwa za chikumbumtima, si kanthu kena kalikonse.

Kugwira ntchito ndi chikomokere

Nanga chinsinsi cha kupanga njira ofala ndi ogwira ufulu ocheza nawo? Kumasulira nkhani analandira kuchokera mtima, osati kufunafuna tirigu wa lolingalira mu otaya kuona zilubwelubwe, ngati zikuoneka kuti ambiri. Ndipotu, Sigmund Freud ankakhulupirira kuti gulu la psyche amazindikira kukomoka chili mwa munthu wina aliyense, ndipo mpaka psychoanalysts nthawi analankhula yekha ndi chikumbumtima. Izi zikutanthauza kuti iwo anali kupempha odwala awo mafunso ndiye kuti iwo anapereka mwadala mayankho zomveka. Komabe, maganizo sanalole kuti mavuto kuya anapita kunja - palibe wina mwadala sanafune kuvomereza iwo, ndipo sankakhoza ngakhale zambiri, chifukwa sinali kudziwa za moyo wawo, maganizo anawasamalira bwinobwino. Kodi pali kusiyana pakati pa njira ya ufulu kucheza chiyani? Chinthu njira imeneyi amachotsa kukaniza onse a chikumbumtima - mtima ndi analetsedwa kuganizira zimene iye amanena, kuyesa kulemera mawu, fyuluta malingaliro. Iye ankayenera kuti chilichonse chimene analowa mutu wake. Ndi chifukwa ichi ulendo mavuto ambiri chobisika mu kuya kwa chikumbumtima, wodwalayo sanafune kapena sakanati ngakhale kuitcha psychoanalyst wake, atafunsidwa mwachindunji kapena ayi, ndiko kuti, kunena amazindikira osati chikomokere wake.

kuyanjana unfree

Ngakhale kuti njira imeneyi imatchedwa choncho, Freud sanapite amanditenga gulu makamaka "ufulu". Iye ankaona kuti olamulidwa ndi ndondomeko chikumbumtima. Ndipo chifukwa njira imeneyi, chikumbumtima wodwalayo sangathe kuletsa chilichonse chimene zobisika mu kuya kwake. Iwo transmits zimenezi, kuyambira nthawi zambiri si mu mzere wolunjika koma mawonekedwe ophiphiritsa - apa pakubwera mu katswiri wodziwa ayenera kumvetsa zizindikiro analandira.

kumasulira

Kutanthauzira chimodzimodzi ndi chida chofunika wa psychoanalysis kuposa ufulu kucheza. Popanda njira chithe monga psychoanalyst adzakhala chabe kulemba mtsinje wa chikumbu mtima. Kutanthauzira - ndondomeko psychoanalysis, amene mayanjano mawu decrypted ndi afanane chikhalidwe cha vutoli, amene wodwala mosalingalira kuyesera kusamutsa. Ndipo anali kale zotheka kuti ntchito pa yankho. Monga mukuonera, psychoanalysis Freud anali yojambula weniweni kuwerenga maganizo ndi maganizo, kulola anthu kufika mavuto kwambiri kuti sakanatha kupanga mwadala. Only ndi thandizo la chikomokere anakwanitsa kufika pansi, ndi chifukwa chake psychoanalysis Freud chikukwaniritsidwa wotchuka nafika mu mabuku onse maganizo, psychoanalyst ndipo ngakhale psycholinguistics.

Mwachitsanzo njira

Choncho psychoanalysis ntchito njira ufulu kucheza ndi motere: Wodwala akagona pabedi, katswiri wa akukhala pa mpando pafupi ndi mutu wake. Nthawi zambiri, wodwala kuwona psychoanalyst, kapena akaona gawo chabe yaing'ono. Izi zachitika kuti chilichonse amalephera iye mtundu wa kukakumana ndi kukomoka. Katswiri The safunsa mafunso mwachindunji kuti gawo muyezo - kungoti zimathandiza kuti wodwala amatanganidwa otaya mosadziŵa, kupeza muzu wa vuto lomwe wabisika chifukwa limagwirira poteteza kutsitsimuka. Chifukwa, katswiri wa Mpaka mudziwe zimene zimadza osati monga mawu mwachindunji, ndipo mophiphiritsa. Kenako psychoanalysis ngati akatswiri amagwiritsa luso lake kuwerenga m'chifanizo chifukwa vuto ndi kuthandiza wodwalayo kuti athetse izo.

Mitundu ina ya njira ya ufulu kucheza

Komabe, osati Freud anagwiritsa ntchito njira imeneyi, asayansi ena komanso ntchito mu zawo. Mmodzi wa anthu otchuka kwambiri pakati pawo ndi Carl Gustav Jung. Iye analinso psychoanalysis wake - ngakhale tsopano agawanika pa psychoanalysis ndi Freudian Jungian. Komabe, Jung njira ya ufulu kucheza ntchito pang'ono mosiyana - izo zimapangitsa chikulupiliro pakuBadizidwa mfundo yakuti mayanjano ndi ufulu, pamene Freud mwiniwakeyo anavomereza zawo zosakhala mfulu, subordination za ndondomeko wonse, ndi anaikira mwachindunji pa mayanjano. Koma onse mwa zimenezi anasankha moyo wabwino kwambiri ndipo patapita otchuka kwambiri padziko lonse.