Mitundu yotchuka kwambiri ya maluwa: Dendrobium maluwa, phalaenopsis ndi pafiopedilyum

Pakali pano, pafupifupi maluwa chokongoletsedwa inali. Banja la maluwa ali pafupi 30 chikwi. Mitundu zachilengedwe ndipo anthu oposa 30 zikwi. Species, pamene mitundu ya zamoyo hybrid ndi za 17 miliyoni. Orchid amatanthauza "maluwa anabadwira ku mulungu." Anthu amakonda mitundu itatu ya maluwa: Dendrobium, pafiopedilyum, phalaenopsis.

Dendrobium maluwa ambiri kumadera otentha a Australia, kum'mwera chakum'mawa kwa Asia, New Zealand, New Guinea, Japan, ndipo ndi imodzi mwa nyumba zikuluzikulu kwambiri banja la Orchidaceae (maluwa).

Zomera za mtundu uwu ndi yosiyanasiyana. zimayambira awo, kutalika kwa amene ali ku mamita awiri kapena kuposa, mwina ndi cylindrical, spindle, trostnikovidnogo mawonekedwe. Nthawi zambiri masamba ndi Dendrobiums anakonza awiri mzere pamodzi kutalika lonse la tsinde la. Dendrobium Orchid ali zosiyanasiyana maluwa, mumtundu, mawonekedwe, ndipo, ndithudi, kukula.

Popeza dendrobium maluwa ndi mmera wa chakum'mawa kwa nyengo, zomwe amakhala ndi kusintha kwa mvula ndi nyengo youma, ali ndi nthawi komanso Tanthauzo la mpumulo. Mu kasupe ndi chilimwe, zomera ayenera kupereka chinyezi ndipo ofunda nyengo. Pambuyo mapangidwe pseudobulb kuthirira ayenera kuchepetsedwa. Choncho, ife kukakamiza zomera kupita dormancy. Dendrobium maluwa - photophilous chomera, koma mu kutentha, kutentha masiku chilimwe, pamafunika kukhala zophweka pritenenii. Maluwa amakula bwino mu mbale yaing'ono.

Ngati kuphwanya Dendrobium kukula luso mosavuta anakhudzidwa Phytophthora, komanso nsabwe, napusaki, tizilombo lonse ndi akangaude. Nthawi zambiri Dendrobiums kubalana amapezeka ndi cuttings ndi kugawikana. Kudulidwa kwa tchire kubala zaka zoposa zitatu kapena zinayi, mphukira apical amachotsedwa pachaka.

Orchid pafiopedilyum ali mawonekedwe a nsapato, choncho amatchedwanso "Dona wa Slipper". zomera ndi otchuka kwambiri chifukwa cha maluwa apachiyambi yaitali maluwa nyengo (miyezi sikisi). Pafiopedilyumov kunyumba kwa tikukhala mu nkhalango chinyezi subtropical ndi otentha, ndi India, China, Nepal, Papua New Guinea, ndi Philippines. Nthawi zambiri amapezeka lotayirira, humus kulemera nthaka. mamembala ambiri a mtundu pafiopedilyum zokwanira kukula bwino kunyumba. Masamba a chomera pamodzi ndi zitsulo ziwiri. Maluwa ndi yowala kwambiri kapena mtundu, kukula ranges awo ku masentimita 5 mpaka 13 m'mimba mwake. Pafiopedilyumy ndi tene- ndi chinyezi-wachikondi maluwa (chinyezi 40 80%).

Gulugufe maluwa kapena Phalaenopsis. Mtundu wa maluwa limabweretsa hybrids. Hybrids Phalaenopsis maluwa ndi wodzichepetsa kwambiri, chotero iwo ali bwino yosayenera kulima kunyumba. Iwo ali abwino nyengo ya kwathu (kuunikira, chinyezi, kutentha ndi makope mpweya).

Phalaenopsis Orchid ali tsinde limodzi ndi pang'ono masamba. Maluwa faleopsisa anapereka osiyanasiyana mitundu, chiwerengero chawo zimadalira mtundu wa maluwa. Gulugufe maluwa limamasula kangapo pa chaka. Chachikulu kusiyana kwa mitundu ina faleopsisa hybrid maluwa kuti pangotsala, anamaliza maluwa ndi atatu lobed mlomo.

Phalaenopsis, mfundo, komanso mitundu ina maluwa, amaukiridwa ndi tizirombo. Zimenezi chisamaliro lolakwika ndi yokonza chomera (kutentha ndi chinyezi). Parasitizing nthata (lathyathyathya kangaude ndi nthata wofiira) kumaonekera monga maonekedwe a mawanga woyera pa pamwamba m'munsi masamba. Zomera ankachitira ndi tizilombo (Fufaev, fitoverm, aktellik) nthawi 3-4 pa intervals wa masiku 10.

Pamene unit anakhudzidwa zomera onga tizilombo izo chikutha ndi swab ndi mowa. Kenako, maluwa a mankhwala ndi zamchere njira sopo.

matenda tizilombo ali anawonetseredwa mu mawonekedwe a kumugwetsera zithunzi za masamba. Pa kudziwika ngati kudwala zomera anawonongedwa.