Mitundu ya khansa, ndi njira mankhwala. Mtundu yoopsa kwambiri ya khansa

Pakali pano, ndi apakhungu kwambiri nkhani - mankhwala a khansa. Musanayambe amaona kuti ndikofunika kudziwa mitundu ya khansa chimene kulibe ndi amene ali owopsa thanzi ndi moyo.

Cancer. mwachidule

Cancer - lalikulu zilonda matenda, amene akukula maselo zaminyewa abwinobwino ndipo zingakhudze chiwalo kapena kachitidwe ka thupi la munthu. Mpaka lero, kukula nthenda ya maselo amachititsa bwino ndipo si afufuza. Chifukwa chakuti ndife kudziwa mfundo amadziwika kuti mankhwala amakono, kosavuta kupewa kapena kupeza njira pomwe.

Pali chiphunzitso kuti maonekedwe a khansa kugwirizana ndi masinthidwe a zimakhala thupi. Koma sikuti zatsimikiziridwa, komanso Mabaibulo ena.

Zimayambitsa. mitundu khansa

Mwini nkhani zimayambitsa kungathandize kuti aliyense amene, pa zifukwa zosiyanasiyana, ali pangozi. Nawa zifukwa zingapo wamba kuti kumufotokozera za maonekedwe a maselo zakunja thupi wathanzi:

• mpweya;
• kuvutika majini;
• ntchito chikonga;
• kutupa mu gawo aakulu;
• mavairasi ndi matenda;
• uchidakwa;
• carcinogens, amene tsopano ntchito pafupifupi zonse, ndi kupewa kuchita zimene sangathe.

Kodi ndi mitundu iti ya khansa ali? mitundu angapo:

• carcinoma - mtundu khansa yofala kwambiri zokhudza kum'mero, prostate, chifuwa;
• Khansa - khansa kuti isanafalikire mu m'mafupa, koma apatsa metastases thupi lonse;
• sarcoma - khansara choti ku maselo a dongosolo lymphatic.

khansa magazi. mawonekedwe oopsa

khansa magazi amatchedwanso malignancies hematological. Izi ndi gulu la matenda a m'thupi. Mwa iwo mitundu oopsa kwambiri, makamaka a khansa ya m'magazi, ndi khansa ya m'magazi, gematosarkoma, lymphoma, angioma, aakulu myelogenous khansa, pachimake lymphoblastic khansa, pachimake khansa ndi monoblastozny ena.

Khansa akuwonetseredwa mu kuphwanya zosiyanasiyana ndi kuchuluka kwa maselo hematopoietic mu m'mafupa. Pa kudwala izi mu thupi chimamangirira ambiri maselo a khansa, amene satsatira kapena ntchito limodzi, koma pang'onopang'ono yekha poizoni thupi. Khansa nthawi zambiri angakaphe anthu okalamba kapena ana kwa zaka 4.

Maliseche khansa. khansa uterine

Zotupa ziwalo kugonana - zotupa zilonda, kumene kungakhudze ziwalo kunja ndi mkati.

Common pakati pa akazi ndi khansa ya m'chiberekero. Mitundu ya khansa khomo lachiberekero bwanji akazi pakati pa zaka 55 ndi 70, koma nthawi zambiri pali kuchotserapo komwe atsikana omwe anafufuza, ndipo iwo amayika matenda lowopsya - khansa ya endometrium lapansi. Pali m'thupi mtundu ndi yoyenda yokha.

• Timadzi - ndi "mnyamata" khansa amapezeka akazi osaposera zaka 40, amene ali mwana mavuto ndi mimba, shuga, hyperglycemia, ndi mavuto ena.
• Autonomous anamuona pa akazi achikulire - zaka 60-70. odwala oterowo yafupika kudziwa mahomoni ndi kusowa kwa matenda kagayidwe kachakudya a dongosolo endocrine.

Cancer pa mundawo m'mimba

Zotupa za m'mimba ndipo matumbo - matenda sizachilendo. Imathamanga mitundu ya khansa ya m'mimba ndi thirakiti m'mimba:

• polypoid - 6% mitundu yonse, ndipo zotsatira zake ndi khansara kudya kutali pa khoma m'mimba. m'madera nthenda anakhudzidwa ndi khansa, komanso kuima motsutsana minofu wathanzi;
• carcinoma, khansa kapena chilonda-chidwi anasonyeza - pafupifupi 36%, zooneka m'mbali lakuthwa, koma pafupifupi sasiyana zilonda chapamimba;
• tsankho carcinoma - alibe m'mbali bwino, pamwamba mlingo wa zimakhala zachilendo ndipo zimakhudza m'madera ambiri m'mimba;
• khansa infiltrative - akufotokozera mwa makoma a mmimba, zovuta oterewa;
• adenocarcinoma - kumayamba ku maselo mucosal, kukhala enieni - a epithelium glandular.

Komanso, ena mitundu ya khansa ya m'matumbo:

• adenocarcinoma;
• lymphoma;
• carcinoma;
• leykomiosarkoma.

Mitundu ya khansa thirakiti m'mimba akhoza metastasize, koma mukhoza kupanga mankhwala imayenera mankhwala yake ndi oncologist katswiri.

m'mapapo khansa. Mtundu yoopsa kwambiri ya khansa

M'mapapo khansa - chotupa chotupa choti kuchokera epithelium bronchial. Akatswiri kupeza mitundu ya khansa kodi, ndi kuphunzira pathogenesis awo, tinapeza m'mapapo chotupa - kwambiri khansa moyo pachiswe.

M'mapapo Cancer:

• chapakati - makamaka amakhudza bronchi;
• zotumphukira - chotupa amalima ku alveoli ndi Airways yaing'ono;
• mediastinal - yodziwika ndi maonekedwe mofulumira metastases mu mwanabele;
• mwiniwakeyo mawonekedwe - wambirimbiri foci pathological kukula khungu mu minofu m'mapapo;
• sarcoma;
• khansa ya trachea ndi ;
• bwino kusiyanitsidwa. M'mapapo khansa ya mtundu - mmodzi wa owopsa.

ndi zimayambitsa matenda oopsa chiyani? Choyamba pa zosayembekezereka ya zotupa m'mapapo anakhudzidwa ndi kusuta. Kaya ndi yogwira kapena kungokhala chete kusuta. Mfundo za wina akapuma carcinogens ndi chifukwa akuluakulu a khansa. Chinthu china chimene chingathe mitundu ya khansa, akhoza olekanitsidwa ziphe kukhudzana, monga faifi tambala, cadmium, Arsenic.

Chibadwa komanso chimagwira ntchito mu Genesis chotupa, pamodzi ndi zinthu monga cheza padzuwa, malo osauka, matenda aakulu m'mapapo mwanga, ndi ena.

khansa mammary

Kodi ndi mitundu iti ya khansa amakhala? Nthawi zambiri, akazi amakhudzidwa zopangitsa mammary. Matendawa kumabweretsa mndandanda wa pathologies zoopsa kwambiri pafupipafupi. Akudwala chifuwa zotupa azimayi pakati pa zaka 40 ndi 60, koma matenda mofulumira kupeza wamng'ono ndi kale kupereka chifuwa khansa zimene zimakhudza atsikana.

zotupa kwambiri kuti detects mammolog kapena akazi okha, akhoza wachinsinsi monga chosaopsa. Iwo galactocele, fibro-enaake chifuwa matenda ndi chifuwa fibroadenoma. Mitundu amenewa matenda, khansa matenda mu nthawi akadakwanitsira operably oncologists wapezeka ndi ankachitira, mwinanso kuchotsa zopangitsa za mammary pofuna kupewa kukonzanso ndondomeko.

Kodi zimayambitsa kukula selo nthenda mu England mammary:

• anomalies mu chitukuko cha khansa;
• uchidakwa, kusuta fodya komanso makhalidwe ena oipa ndi yofunika chiopsezo chinthu, ngati inu mumaganizira za mkazi majini chingawapangitse kukhala zidakwa;
• malo oipa, mpweya, ndi wosauka madzi khalidwe wakumwa;
• yobereka mochedwa amathanso kukhala choyambitsa kuyambira pa chiyambi cha chitukuko cha kudwala ndi;
• ntchito yaitali mankhwala m'thupi ndi ena.

khansa ya m'mawere ndi mankhwala nthawi yake kwa oncologist mankhwala amalephera kuthetsa kubwerezabwereza.

zizindikiro khansa

vuto ndi khansara sapereka mu magawo oyambirira chitukuko kukhudza, ndipo kokha matenda woyambirira kudziwa kupezeka ndi kuopsa kwa ndondomeko matenda.

Zizindikiro khansa monga:

• mofulumira kuwonda;
• yaitali malungo;
• mkhalidwe mphwayi, ndi kutopa nthawi zonse popanda chifukwa;
• angasinthe mtundu, maonekedwe, kukula kwa birthmarks kapena timadontho-timadontho;
• kuoneka zilonda m'kamwa;
• m'kupita kukula ululu.

Kuwonjezera zizindikiro zazikulu ndi yeniyeni lakutali. Yaitali bala machiritso angathe kukambirana za kusintha maselo a mu chamoyo, kuchotsedwa ntchito yake - njira khansa. kumaliseche atypical kapena magazi, ndi mavuto mkodzo zingasonyeze kukhalapo kwa maselo a khansa mu thupi.

Matenda a kansa

Pakali pano, pali nkhani zambiri osathetsedwa zomwe zimayikidwa patsogolo Oncology ndi. khansa mutate ndi kukhala invulnerable. Mankhwala apamwamba m'pofunika matenda molondola.

Chifukwa chaichi, ntchito ultrasound mankhwala CT jambulani, mammography (kuzindikira mitundu ya khansa ya m'mawere), njira endoscopic kwa matenda a zotupa m'mimba, kum'mero ndipo matumbo, chapamwamba kwambiri matenda radioisotope, ndi ena.

Zambiri zokhudza phunziro X-ray - njira yaikulu ya matenda a khansa.

Radiography ntchito pa pang'ono amaganiziridwa njira pathological maselo. Ndi njira imeneyi, mukhoza kuwerenga m'mapapo, m'matumbo, m'mimba, mafupa. Posachedwapa tinayamba ntchito njira yapadera - bronhografii, angiography, amene kusauka Mwina kudziwika njira khansa.

Chithandizo cha matenda a khansa

Kwa zaka zambiri, pali zokambirana yogwira ndi kafukufuku wa mankhwala zochizira khansa. Mwatsoka, mankhwala sakupeza njira yokhayo kuchiritsa odwala awa. Chifukwa pambuyo kudziwika njira khansa anagwira chithandizo zovuta ndi mankhwala poizoni mankhwala mankhwala amphamvu ndi luso opaleshoni.

• Cheza mankhwala odwala khansa: mfundo ya mankhwala ndi tilinazo kuchuluka kwa maselo pathological kuti ionizing cheza. Pambuyo njirayi maselo kumachitika odwala ndi kusintha, ndipo iwo amafa. Therapy si anasonyeza ana chifukwa maselo awo adakali mu siteji chitukuko ndipo kwambiri atengeke cheza. Mitundu ina ya khansa ya m'mapapo bwinobwino ankachitira pambuyo ndondomeko.
• Chemotherapeutic zimakhudzanso maselo a khansa ndi ankakwiya, ndi pochita ndondomeko wasonyeza yekha pamisinkhu patsogolo, ngati inu kale sititenga mitundu zina zochizira khansa. mlingo amasankhidwa molingana ndi kulemera kwa wodwalayo, mtundu chotupa malo ake ndi mmene wodwalayo. Phatikizani mankhwala osiyanasiyana amene amathandiza kwambiri pa maselo chotupa.
• Pogwiritsa opaleshoni zambiri, ili kwambiri kothandiza ndiponso odalirika njira. Mankhwalawa ndi kuchotsa inayamba matenda. Koma njira opaleshoni adzakhala sizithandiza kukachitika kuti thupilo kale anaonekera metastases.

Aakulu ndi owopsa mitundu ya khansa, monga khansa ya m'mapapo, sangathe nthawi zonse anawachiritsa. Pankhaniyi, yokonza mankhwala ntchito, koma mwayi kuti wodwalayo adzapulumuka ochepa kwambiri.