Misonkho ndi mitundu yawo: mudziwe wathunthu

Munthu aliyense amene akufuna bizinezi zawo, ayenera kudziwa kuti misonkho yoteroyo ndi mitundu. Mfundo zimenezi msonkho latsopano la Russia, angapezeke mu nkhani chitatu ya gawo loyamba la Tax Code. Apa mfundo ndi amadziŵika monga malipiro zosadziwika kuvomerezedwa, amene kutenga mabungwe ndi anthu mu mawonekedwe a ndalama, pofuna ntchito za boma ndi mizinda yambiri. Akukakamizidwa.

Mukudziwa chimene misonkho maganizo awo saletsa, ndi nzika wamba, chifukwa Ambiri a ife kulipira ndalama msonkho, msonkho galimoto ndi zina. Gulu la mtundu uwu levies anthu yaikulu kwambiri. Makamaka, malinga ndi njira wosamasula msonkho, pali mwachindunji ndi misonkho mozungulira, pa amene Levy - msonkho kwa anthu, mabungwe alamulo ndi amalonda payekha.

Misonkho ndi mitundu komanso ndife osiyana kwa zinthu zosiyana kwa misonkho. Pano mukhoza kulankhula za phindu msonkho, revenues, zinthu zosiyanasiyana katundu, etc. Mogwirizana ndi chandamale kusankhidwa chomwecho secrete malipiro enieni ndi ambiri, ndi kaperekedwe ka misonkho - m'deralo, boma, dera ndi feduro msonkho.

Waukulu mitundu ya msonkho ndi anagawa malinga ndi njira ntchito zawo. Mwachitsanzo, misonkho ambiri kupita kuligonjetsa ndalama za misinkhu yosiyanasiyana, popanda kutchula momwe iwo udzakhala. Koma chandamale (wapadera) milandu akhoza anakhala yekha mu njira inayake. Choncho, makamaka ntchito zopereka operekedwa Fund the Road ndi zosowa za gawo chikhalidwe.

Akatswiri chimatanthauza mitundu zotsatirazi misonkho namtsata mwatsatanetsatane:

- Direct ndi zina. Molunjika msonkho ndalama kapena katundu ndi n'zovuta kusamutsa kwa ogula (msonkho katundu, msonkho, etc.). A pamapeto ndi zowonjezera otsika (milandu zachilengedwe, ntchito, VAT, etc.).

- Ndalama msonkho mtanda-ndalama. misonkho Lumpsum amalipidwa popanda kutchula kuchuluka kwa ndalama ya munthu, monga kuyenera ndalama, kumene monga dzina lake likunenera, amadalira ndalama.

Nayenso malipiro ndalama anawagawa mwapang'onopang'ono, pamene lonse zimadalira ndalama ndi njila pamene palibe kudalira amenewa. Pamene mwapang'onopang'ono yosavuta mlingo wa msonkho mlandu zedi zazikulu misinkhu apamwamba, monga malipilo. Pamene zovuta - revenues anawagawa m'magulu, iliyonse ili msonkho pa mlingo wanu. Ngati inu ntchito dongosolo regressive, ndalama zambiri munthu alandira, chindichepere misonkho. Ndipotu, ngati ndalama analandira amachepetsa, mlingo ukuwonjezeka. Ichi ndi chifukwa chabwino kupeza kwambiri.

Pakuti onse amene mwaukadaulo chinkhoswe mu nkhani monga misonkho, mitundu ya misonkho ayenera kudziwika bwinobwino. Popeza Tax Code amapereka miyeso mokwanira kuyeza ndi zilango kukachitika kuti zidzandizindikiritsa zolakwika mu mawerengedwe ndi malipiro a mitengo ndi misonkho.