Mi-8: makhalidwe, utumwi nkhondowo, tsoka ndi chithunzi ndege

Mu dziko lathu, ife si poyamba ankadzimva kwambiri ku chilengedwe cha Helicopters. Ndi chimene chinali chifukwa, lero n'kovuta kupeza, koma mfundo ndi yakuti ndi Red Army poyamba ndege yekha, samathanso chuma cha dziko ndipo sangalankhule.

Ndipo zimenezi ngakhale kuti chitukuko yaitali m'dera limeneli tinali, kotero! Mwamwayi, posakhalitsa utsogoleri wamng'ono wa dziko wakhala anazindikira fallacy umenewu strategy, koma chifukwa makampani anayamba kukhala nkhani ya ndege za helikoputala.

The woyamba anali Mi-1, amene nkhani linayamba mu 1948. Kuyambira pamenepo mpaka kumapeto za kumasulidwa kwa Helicopters Mi-4 onse m'dziko lathu wakhala okonzeka ndi injini makina-pisitoni. M'masiku amenewo zinali bwino, koma kufunika kwa makina ndi ntchito zabwino amagetsi linaonekera mofulumira kwambiri.

The ndege zatsopano

Choncho ndi 1960, makampani ndi zofunika kwambiri ndege nyumba CB dziko anapatsidwa ntchitoyo. zotsatira zake zinali citukuko ca Mi-8, amene wakhala woona nthano makampani, kupitiriza ntchito mwakhama chuma cha dziko ndi makamu padziko lonse.

Mbiri ya chilengedwe

Poyamba izo ankaganiza kuti ndege adzakhala kupangidwa mu zoyendera zonyamula ndi mitundu malonda. Development inayamba mu miyezi ya 1960. Mukhoza ndikuganiza, izo ananyamula CDB Mil. maziko anatengedwa bwino kutsimikiziridwa Mi-4. Ndipotu latsopano Mi-8 anali poyamba anakonza monga ntchito pa moyo wamakono wake waukulu.

Komabe, posachedwa kwambiri okonza kuti anazindikira kufunika akabweretsa mtundu watsopano wa injini m'galimoto, koma chifukwa cha kuloŵedwa m'malo ntchito imeneyi pali zambiri.

ntchito chidachitika ndi inapita patsogolo tempo. Kale pakati pa 1961 ndi zinachitika woyamba ndi masamba anayi ndi injini umodzi anawuka mu mlengalenga. The zinachitika ndi masamba asanu ndi mayunitsi mphamvu awiri anaulukira chaka chotsatira. Kumapeto kwa 1962 yomweyo zinachitika woyamba analengedwa.

Commission makhalidwe a tsogolo la Mi-8 kwambiri, koma chifukwa chabe zaka zingapo, Helicopters atsopano kale mu ulimi. Kuyambira mu 1965, chitsanzo opangidwa ku Kazan ndi Ulan-Ude.

MI-8: Features

kuloŵedwa makina latsopano ndi nthawi 2.5 kuposa mphamvu. The pazipita zotheka liwiro ndipo anali pafupifupi kawiri monga mkulu.

Kufala wakhala kwakukulukulu anasiya popanda kusintha kulikonse kwambiri. Kuyendetsa ndege - wosakwatiwa-ozungulira, koma anapereka mchira ozungulira. Kamangidwe amagwiritsa awiri gasi chopangira mphamvu ndi injini, ndi galimotoyo apuma pa magudumu atatu. Nthawi zambiri, anthu Mi-8 kwa nthawi, anali chitsanzo kwakukulukulu patsogolo.

N'zoona kuti ena magawo ndalama ya US "Sikorsky", koma zodula kwambiri, pamene mopereka mphamvu apamwamba ndiponso kudalirika.

Mosiyana ndi chitsanzo yapita, kapangidwe tsamba ankagwiritsiranso yantchito. Panali spar dzenje, kwathunthu zopangidwa mkulu-mphamvu aloyi zotayidwa. Kachitidwe kukhala otetezedwa ngati n'kotheka, masamba zili ndi wapadera dongosolo pneumatic chizindikiro kuti amalola kuti yomweyo kudziwa kuwonongeka mawotchi spar lapansi.

Chifukwa ndege wakhala zafala m'dzikoli?

Izo zinachitika chifukwa cha unpretentiousness ndipo kudalirika kwa makina. Osati mu dziko lathu mwaulemu zayekha "workhorse." Mu dziko lino - ambiri zoyendera ndege (!). Lina amadziwika ngati Mi 17 angapo omwe ntchito monga ndege za helikoputala ankhondo (chithunzi ndi m'nkhani), ndi chimadalira NATO ku Afghanistan. Mogwirizana ndi chomasuka piloting, si lamulo kuti kuwononga nthawi yokonzekera ndege.

Mu dziko palibe wamkulu Helicopters zoyendera boma, lomwe akanati inakhazikitsa mu buku amenewa: ngakhale kwa deta lotha ku conveyor ndi mbadwa oposa 12 zikwi makina amenewa. Ndipo - popanda ena zosintha!

Mwa njira, chiwerengero cha mitundu ya ndege imeneyi ndi bwino mtsogoleri dziko. Pa nthawi, ngakhale akatswiri sindingakhoze kunena mmene zosintha zambiri zinalengedwa. Tanthawuzo la chithunzi ichi ndi kobvuta kwambiri kuti ena kusintha pafupifupi muyezo polima mwachindunji mu mayunitsi asilikali, koma eni luso kwa zoyambitsa zawo simunalandira, choncho mafakitale, iwo alibe.

dongosolo Control and Motors

Dongosolo lonse ulamuliro nthawi imeneyi inachokera pa mkulu khalidwe ndi amphamvu hayidiroliki actuator. Komanso, Mi-8 anagwiritsidwa ntchito koyamba ndi zatsopano dongosolo icing chenjezo, amene amaloledwa kugwiritsa ntchito ndege mu zosiyanasiyana zoikamo. Komanso, limagwirira wapadera amaperekedwa kuti akalandire katundu, kulola kuti adutsa mpweya zina matani atatu.

Ngati injini pa ndege sichitha, munthu wachiwiri pa nthawi yomweyo akuyamba kugwira ntchito mode yokakamiza, yopangira mphamvu zokwanira kwa osachepera kuchotsa ndege. Kwa oyendetsa anali womasuka kwambiri ntchito mu mavuto, makina ali okonzeka ndi Autopilot zapamwamba amene angatenge pa mbali yaikulu ya ntchito anthu.

Ndi atsopano pa nthawi navigation ndi makina ounikira zida, ndege ndege zikhoza kukhala nthawi iliyonse tsiku ndi chaka. Mbali imeneyi msanga anayamikira usilikali. Komanso, mmodzi wa zizindikiro za asilikali dziko Pasanapite basi Mi-8 ndege anasonyeza kuti odalirika kwambiri ndi yotchipa, choncho nthawi yomweyo Analeredwa.

Mu ena embodiments, ntchito?

Monga tanena kale, chitsanzo ichi pachiyambi analengedwa pansi pa mayendedwe ndi zonyamula (mpaka 28 anthu) akusowa. Komanso, Kazan pakhale malamulo apadera zinthu zapamwamba kwa anthu asanu ndi awiri amene ali otchuka kwambiri akuluakulu dziko la pamwamba ndi amalonda olemera.

Asilikali kusinthidwa ndi chitukuko zina

Tapezanso tamutchula m'nkhani kuti asilikali kwenikweni ankakonda Mi-8. injini ake akhala odalirika kwambiri ngati kulephera kwa munthu wagawo mphamvu kubweretsa galimoto akanakhoza kukhala pa umodzi, ndi mphamvu ndi chidwi kwambiri.

Ndipo chifukwa posachedwapa panali zosintha misa ya ndege imeneyi, mwapadera ntchito ya usilikali. Nthawi zambiri anangotenga zoyendera mwina, amene akuwonjezera kuti pylons ndi mabomba kapena akasinja ogwiritsa ndi Molotov cocktails. Posakhalitsa kunapezeka kuti ngakhale kuti khamu la phindu si kokwanira, koma chifukwa panali kusinthidwa wa 8TV, zida ndi kuyimitsidwa pomwe bwino. Chidawonjezeka kuthekera zophatikiza chida.

Transport ndi kuphana Helicopters

Kusinthidwa 8Mt anakhala zomveka chomaliza pa njira ya zachilengedwe banja latsopano magalimoto a asilikali zoyendera. Mbali yaikulu inali unsembe wa zomera watsopano mphamvu TVZ 117 MT, zida ndi atsopano mpweya chopangira mphamvu AI-9V. The ndege Nthawi zambiri odalirika, monga intakes mpweya anatseka chophimba latsopanoli, lomwe bwino osasankhidwa mpweya amaperekedwa kwa injini.

Zithunzi Mi-8 ndege zimene zili m'nkhani, osati mosavuta kugwetsa kutentha kufunafuna mizinga, apanga dongosolo la kupezeka kwa mpweya otentha utsi injini. Komanso, pali njira kwa ejection wa decoys. Mu nthawi kuchokera 1979 mpaka 1989, ndege ndi ulemu anapita nkhondo onse Afghanistan.

Nkhondowo ndi zinachitikira mtendere ndi

Pakuti nthawi mpaka chimadalira la asilikali Soviet mu dziko, masauzande oyendetsa anaulukira sorties. Iwo amadutsa mamiliyoni matani katundu, zikwi asilikali anasamutsidwa kuchoka pansi pamphuno dushmans wake. Pa nthawi yonseyi, milandu kulephera kwa makina akhoza anawerengera zala.

Mosiyana "m'chimwene wamkulu" wake wa Mi-24, "eyiti" ndi poyamba wopanda zosungitsa kwambiri, koma chifukwa iye nthawizonse anali kuthawa samatha ngakhale mu kwambiri rarefied mphepo ya m'mapiri.

Mu onse nkhondo Chechen Helicopters lankhondo la mtundu uwu anasonyezanso mbali yabwino. Odalirika ndi wodzichepetsa kwambiri, iwo anathandiza osati mwa asilikali, komanso Utumiki wa Zochitika Emergency ndi "Red Cross" amene ankagwira ntchito ndi anthu wamba, kupereka ndi mankhwala ndi zakudya.

ngozi

Mwatsoka, ngakhale kudalilika wapamwamba ndi kuphweka kwa kapangidwe siopulumutsidwa MI Helicopters asilikali, komanso Mabaibulo awo wamba la mathithiwa.

Tiyeni tiyambe ndi choona kuti panthawi ya nkhondo Afghanstan ndi Chechen anataika za 50-60 magalimoto. imfa ya Afghanistan, pakati pawo makamaka sanali nkhondowo, nthawi zambiri zokhudzana ndi shelling wa airfields asilikali. Amakhulupirira kuti ngati siyinatayike mayunitsi oposa khumi njira imeneyi. Ndendende deta pa zomvetsa choyamba Chechen wokopa ayi. Mu chithunzi chachiwiri pansi Helicopters 29 wa mtundu uwu.

Nthawi isanayambike mtendere osati kubweretsa mtendere. Chifukwa cha kulephera luso, mafuta otsika kwambiri ndi kuvala zimagwirira mu kupitirira zaka 90 wagwa kapena kusowa (mu Siberia), kuposa 174 makina.

Apa ndi lachindunji zaka 2012-2013. Choncho, July 14, 2013 adalira ya ndege mumlengalenga anaona kuti injini anayamba ntchito osakhazikika. Anaganiza kuika galimoto mopitirira moor lapansi. Komabe, ndege anagwa pa mbali yake, koma mwinamwake ndi ndegeyo mwamsangamsanga ikuchitika mwangwiro. Palibe anaphedwa, atavulazidwa ndi sanali. July 11 chaka chomwecho, panali chinachake ofanana mu dera Amur. Ndiye ife anakwanitsa kuchita popanda akuvutika.

Mwatsoka, July 2 Yakutia chifukwa cha kugwa kwa galimoto anapha anthu 24, oposa theka - ndi ana. Iwo anapulumuka mamembala adalira awiri okha ndipo wina imodzi. 6 May ndipo 6 June chaka chomwecho analembedwa tsoka Helicopters amenewa Khabarovsk Gawo. Opulumuka komanso sanali.

Mu 2012, Helicopters awa anali kugwa kasanu ndi kawiri, koma munthu mmodzi yekha anafa.

Kumene, chithunzi ichi chokha cha dziko lathu. Ndi angati wosweka yemweyo Mi-17 Afghanistan n'zosatheka kunena, chifukwa boma ndi kawirikawiri ziwerengero aliyense mwatsatanetsatane. The Tinganenenso chimodzimodzi za zochitika mu Africa.