Mfuti mu dziko. Mfuti Modern dziko

Short-dzanja chida otchedwa mfuti. mfuti masiku ano osiyana zosiyanasiyana zitsanzo za dziko. Aliyense dziko anatengera ake ankhondo chitetezo zida, abwino kwambiri zosowa zake. dziko ndi akumenya mosalekeza kwa misika ya manja yaing'ono. Zilibe kuletsa ntchito ndi kusintha izo. Odalirika, mfuti yabwino nkhondowo pafupi nthawi zonse mu ankafuna ndipo monga mikono kwa mabungwe a boma ndi chitetezo, ndi mawu a chitetezo amawagwiritsa ntchito wamba.

nkhani

Zitsanzo woyamba kwambiri zinalengedwa mwamsanga m'ma chakhumi ndi chisanu. Matchlock ndi yochepa mbiya unali wolunjika pa sitimayo matabwa. Wheel loko (kiyi fakitale) kwa mfuti anali anausankha Leonardo da Vinci.

Pambuyo angapo zaka wakhala m'malo mwa flintlock. Ngakhale anapereka misfire, koma zinali zosavuta pamene nawuza zida, Musawope dothi ndi ndalama mtengo kwambiri kolestsovy. Mu theka zoyambirira za m'ma chakhumi ndi chisanu ndi chinayi panali kapisozi (percussion zisoti) loko.

Zimenezi zinathandiza kuti asiye singly mfuti. Kumapeto kwa zaka za m'ma chakhumi ndi chisanu ndi chinayi anali kwathunthu m'malo revolvers. Koma anafunika kubwereza mfuti zoopsa. Mfuti anaigonjetsera-Krnka M.7 (Austria) anadzakhala oyamba mu utumiki m'magulumagulu boma. Kugwiritsidwa ntchito ndi apakavalo Austria ku First World nkhondo.

zaka 40 makumi awiri za m'ma zida basi kwathunthu m'malo revolvers mu ankhondo chitetezo pafupifupi maiko onse a dziko lapansi. Mfuti kukhalabe ntchito wamba (pamene analola mwa lamulo) kuti munthu adziteteze.

Pafupifupi zonse mwamakono kudziletsa potsegula mfuti m'dzikoli ndi. Awa, wina akhoza kuchititsa moto kapena moto basi bursts ndi kutalika zonse. Zochita zina kuwombera ali osowa, chifukwa misa ka zida akutitsogolera kuti kupezeka lonse zipolopolo. Chitsanzo cha mfuti ndi kuchuluka kulemera ndi kukula amatanthauza kalasi ya kum'mwera makina mfuti.

Austria: Glock 17 Glock 19

Chinthu chapadera cha chida - ndi akuwombera pa madzi. chizindikiro china chofunika - kulemera manja kuwala (620 magalamu). Austria kampani Glock akatswiri anatha kukonza ndi kutsatira kamangidwe ka mbali mfuti zakuthupi ndi polymeric. Kufotokoza mwa chidule za Glock 17:

• okwana kutalika - 186 mamilimita;
• mbiya - 149 mamilimita;
• kwa mfuti zipolopolo - 9 × 19 mamilimita Parabellum;
• Gulani ndi zosintha kuti zipolopolo 10,15 kapena 17;
• osiyanasiyana - mamita 50.

Lachitsanzo analengedwa mu 1980 ndi m'malo chakale nthawi WALTHER P38. Popularity Glock 17 akutsimikizira kuti ntchito ndi asilikali, mabungwe nzeru, mabungwe chitetezo, apolisi m'mayiko pafupifupi 60 padziko lonse.

Glock 19 chitsanzo ndi sizivuta - magalamu 595 basi. makhalidwe ake ndi:

• okwana kutalika - 177 mamilimita;
• mbiya - 102 mamilimita;
• patrony- 9 × 19 mamilimita Parabellum;
• sitolo 15 (mwina 17, 19 kapena 33 katiriji a).

Kudalirika kwa mfuti imapereka kapangidwe losavuta: mitundu yonse ya Glock mfuti olimba zigwirizana zidutswa 34 zokha.

Izo ntchito mu gendarmerie French, mu Israeli, kwa utumiki ambiri chitetezo ku Hong Kong Police, New Zealand.

America: bulu M1911

N'zosatheka kufotokoza dziko popanda kutchula lodziwika bwino mfuti US Colts. Mbiri yawo kunayamba m'ma chakhumi ndi chisanu ndi chinayi. Chizungu ambirimbiri anajambula ndi mabuku olembedwa za kugonjetsa America anachita bulu odziwika padziko lonse.

Makinawa bulu chitsanzo M-1911 likungosonyeza 45 - icho chinali kutchedwa mwana wa bulu-browning (mu zitsanzo chitukuko anali ntchito kapangidwe wapeza Dzhona Brauninga) - Analeredwa ndi asilikali a ku United States m'zaka za m'ma makumi awiri ndi lakhala likugwiritsidwa ntchito kwa zaka zoposa 80.

Makhalidwe bulu M191:

• kulemera - 1075 magalamu;
• okwana kutalika - 216 mamilimita;
• mbiya - 127 mamilimita;
• sitolo lakonzedwa zipolopolo 7;
• likungosonyeza - 45;
• osiyanasiyana - mamita 50.

Zodalirika, mphamvu zowononga, mayiko, ndi chomasuka yokonza adakali kukopa mafani zankhondo nthano. Kwa America, bulu amakhalabe mwambo chida.

Belgium Asanu seveni USG

Kuti nkhondo sakuchita nawo ntchito nkhondowo, kunafuna kuti opepuka, odalirika ndi amphamvu mfuti. Mu 1996, kampani Belgium FN zoperekedwa pa msika FN asanu ndi aŵiri IOM (kapitawo munthu lachitsanzo), patapita kanthawi, chitsanzo mwachindunji zoti US wa USG (United States Government).

Zimaonetseratu asanu ndi aŵiri USG:

• kulemera - 590 magalamu;
• okwana kutalika - 208 mamilimita;
• mbiya - 123 mamilimita;
• m'lifupi - 31 mamilimita;
• kutalika - 144 mamilimita;
• likungosonyeza - 5,7 × 28 FN;
• magazini kwa zipolopolo 20;
• Mtunda nkhondo - mpaka mamita 200.

Anatengera m'magulu wapadera wa Poland, France, United States.

Germany: USP (P8)

gunsmiths German nthawizonse wakhala wotchuka chifukwa amasokoneza ake. Kumayambiriro a kampani awiri masauzande a Heckler & Koch unali gwero la zida kalasi Universal Selbstlade Pistole (USP) - chilengedwe kudziletsa potsegula mfuti.

Chinthu chapadera ndi shopu, zopangidwa pulasitiki translucent. Izi mosavuta kulamulira kumwa zipolopolo. Poyamba, USP (P8) pakati pansi pa katiriji likungosonyeza .40 S & W. Choncho kutengera USP (P8) ndi 9 n'zotsimikizira anasonyeza kuti mfuti odalirika kwambiri. Makhalidwe USP (P8):

• kulemera - 770 magalamu;
• Kulemera kachilombo mfuti - 985 magalamu;
• okwana kutalika - 194 mamilimita;
• mbiya - 108 mamilimita;
• m'lifupi 32 mm;
• kutalika - 136 mamilimita;
• Chuck - 9 × 19 mamilimita Parabellum;
• sitolo lakonzedwa zipolopolo 15 polyamide mandala ndi chimango zitsulo;
• osiyanasiyana - mamita 50.

Kampani ikuyembekeza kulowa msika US. Panthawi imeneyi, ndi mfuti Beretta 92S mavuto nthawi zonse, ndipo panali funso m'malo mwake. Koma akuluakulu a asilikali US zinali zochepa ndi kusintha kwa chitsanzo patsogolo kwambiri. USP (P8) waima utumiki okha Germany. Army Baibulo ankatchedwa 'P8 ".

Israel: UZI

The kampani Israeli Israel usilikali Makampani m'zaka makumi awiri mochedwa kuyamba zida zamphamvu ndi yotchipa mphamvu chitetezo. Iwo anafunika yaing'ono melee chida ndi sitolo mwachilungamo capacious.

Malamulo a Israel akuletsedwa ntchito mfuti submachine. UZI lachitsanzo ali ndi makhalidwe awa:

• kulemera - 1700 magalamu;
• likungosonyeza - 9 × 19 mamilimita Parabellum / Luger ;
• okwana kutalika - 240 mamilimita;
• mbiya - 115 mamilimita;
• magazini kwa 20, 25 kapena 32 zipolopolo.

Kuwonjezera mndandanda wa mayiko amene anagula UZI, monga Haiti, Guatemala, Germany, Estonia, Nicaragua, El Salvador, Honduras Israyeli.

Italy: Beretta 92S

Pamene asilikali US anasiya mwana wa bulu M1911 .45 likungosonyeza, anali mu utumiki kwa zaka zoposa 80, analengeza mpikisano pakati opanga ntchito yobweretsa zida. chifukwa anali oyamba a makamu onse a NATO yunifolomu muyezo. Izo zinali zobvomerezeka monga waukulu Chuck 9x19 mamilimita Parabellum. Bukuli lili ndi magawo awa ndi kusankha mfuti.

Italy anapambana mpikisano, kuitana chida chake. Mfuti Beretta 92S chitsanzo mpikisano waukulu kudziwa Sig Sauer P226 kampani Swiss-German.

Makhalidwe Beretta 92S:

• kulemera - 950 magalamu;
• Chuck - 9 × 19 mamilimita Parabellum;
• Cacikulu kutalika - 217 mamilimita;
• mbiya - 125 mamilimita;
• Zipangizo osiyanasiyana - mamita 50.

Asilikali wagawo US kupereka zida chopangidwa mu America ndi olembedwa kuti "M9". M'zaka zaposachedwapa, ngakhale mavuto ena ndi chida (mwachidule kudalirika), Achimereka sanasinthe mtundu Beretta, ndi kusintha kwa Mabaibulo modernized.

Masiku ano, zida zambiri mu utumiki ndi United States, Spain, Italy, South Africa, France, Algeria, Peru.

China: QSZ-92-9

Mwachidule mfuti adzapitiriza awonetse zida Chinese QSZ-92-9. Norinco Corporation manufactures mitundu iwiri ya mfuti. Mmodzi chambered 9 × 19 mamilimita Parabellum, chachiwiri - 5,8 × 21 mm. Iwo anayamba kupanga kumapeto kwa zaka za m'ma otsiriza, makamaka zida Chinese asilikali.

chimango wopangidwa pulasitiki mantha zosagwira. Doubly sitolo akhoza moto zipolopolo 15. Pa chimango pansi mbiya ali ndi Chiongoko cha ogwiritsa ndi laser pamaso kapena tochi. N'zotheka akonzekeretse zipangizo mfuti kwa chete-flameless moto.

Zida yabwino mphukira ndi lamanzere ndi lamanja, ndi manja onse awiri. kukula Small lakonzedwa kuti yaing'ono ndi mfundo European, dzanja pafupifupi Chinese msilikali.

Features QSZ-92-9:

• kulemera - 760 magalamu;
• likungosonyeza 9 × 19 mamilimita Parabellum;
• okwana kutalika - 190 mamilimita;
• mbiya - 111 mamilimita;
• m'lifupi 35 mamilimita;
• kutalika - 135 mamilimita;
• sitolo lakonzedwa zipolopolo 15.

Amawatenga a PRC mayunitsi zida apolisi.

Russia: Makarov mfuti

Mwina wotchuka kwambiri Russian chitsanzo cha chida kakang'ono munthu - mfuti ndi. Makarov basi mfuti nkhondowo anayamba mu 1948. M'malo ataima zida TT Soviet asilikali.

Kwa zaka yopanga zosintha angapo a PM akhazikitsidwa. Kandalama kudalirika ndi mtengo wabwino "mtengo - khalidwe" lero kupereka kufunika masanjidwe Makarova.

Ndi otchuka osati mu mayiko a Soviet Union, komanso dziko lonse lapansi. Mkulu zodalirika, kuphweka kwa kapangidwe ndi luso kusankha zitsanzo zoyenera kulola PM kupikisana ndi zida zambiri zamakono ndi amphamvu.

Sewerolo, kulemera ndi liniya makhalidwe Makarov mfuti:

• kulemera:

- ndi magazini kanthu - 730 magalamu;

- makatiriji eyiti 9 mm - 810 gram;

• Cacikulu kutalika - 161 mamilimita;
• mbiya - 93 mamilimita;
• kutalika - 127 mamilimita;
• m'lifupi -30,5 mamilimita;
• likungosonyeza - 9 × 18 mamilimita;
• mlingo - zipolopolo 30 pa mphindi;
• ndi mathamangidwe koyamba chipolopolo ndi - 315 m / s;
• aluso pa mtunda wa mamita 50, koma mphamvu woopsa anakhalabe mpaka mamita 350;
• kusunga kwa zipolopolo 8;
• Mfuti zitha moto akatemera umodzi.

Chibwenzi, ulimi wa PM anakhazikitsa osati Russia, komanso ku Bulgaria, Germany. Zida, anapereka pamaso 1990, mbewu Izhevsk imatengedwa collectible.

Ukraine: "Fort 17"

Chimodzi mwa zochitika atsopano a akatswiri Chiyukireniya - chitsanzo, "Fort 17" - analenga pamaziko a kamangidwe "Fort 12". ubwino waukulu ndi otsika kulemera, mphamvu, chomasuka kusamalira molondola, ndi chitetezo akuchitira.

NKHANI "Fort 17":

• kulemera - 680 mamilimita;
• likungosonyeza - 9 × 18 PM (oyenera 9mm Short);
• okwana kutalika - 180 mamilimita;
• mbiya - 95 mamilimita;
• kutalika - 130 mamilimita;
• m'lifupi - 32 mm;
• masitolo zipolopolo 13.

Ntchito m'madipatimenti chitetezo cha Ukraine, ndi SBU, Utumiki Mkati.

World mfuti, ziribe kanthu momwe wangwiro angakhale m'kupita zimasintha. The akumenya mosalekeza (amakakamizidwa) pakati opanga manja ang'ono ndi kutukula chitetezo zida za imasiya chomwecho. Pangani mitundu chipangizo ndi yovomerezeka kwa mfuti kuti akwaniritsa zofunikira za nthawi.

Bwino Kodi chilili, ndi chitukuko cha zida zankhondo ano atsopano luso ntchito nkhondowo pafupi. Zimenezi zikugwira ntchito kwa mfuti komanso zipolopolo.