Merime mwai; mbiri, chidwi mfundo, luso, imfa

Akulemera Merimee, mbiri ndi zinthu za zimene zili m'nkhani ino - mmodzi wa novelists wotchuka kwambiri m'zaka za m'ma XIX. Chifukwa maphunziro awo, anali ndinasintha osiyana olemba mabuku French. Koma moyo stereotypical pakati pa chitukuko analephera kumunyenga ndi kufuna ndiponso amphamvu munthu woteroyo ngati akulemera Merimee. Wambiri mwa mlengi wa "Carmen" zikuphatikizapo zaka zingapo anakhala kutali ndi kwawo. Ambiri mwa ntchito zimene iye wodzipereka kwa anthu okhala m'matauni zigawo za France ndi Spain.

zaka zoyambirira

Akulemera Mérimée, yonena mwachidule zimene zafotokozedwa pansipa unali wolemba luso ndi Wolemba wina, koma katswiriyu, walemba ntchito angapo pa mbiri yakale kwambiri kutukula kwambiri chikhalidwe French.

Iye anabadwa mu zaka za m'ma chakhumi ndi chisanu ndi chinayi. Bambo ake, wolemba tsogolo tinatengera wosakhazikika ndi kukonda zilandiridwenso. Monga mwana, sindinkaganiza za maphunziro a mabuku akulemera Merimee. Mwachidule yonena za analanda zaka za kafukufuku pa luso. Nditamaliza maphunziro, anaikidwa Woyang'anira wa zipilala mbiri. Koma malinga biographers, iye anali wophunzira, anazindikira kuti ntchito yake woona philology. Iye anaphunzira English, Greek, Spanish. Ndipo kuti kuwerenga Pushkin ija, French novelist, pokhala zimakupiza ntchito ndakatulo, ndipo katswiri Chirasha.

Chiyambi cha njira kulenga

Kuyambapo ntchito yake zolembalemba akulemera Merimee? yonena wake ndi zambiri anatchula playbook "Theatre Clara Gazul", amene ankati anayamba ntchito yake. Ndipotu, woyamba ntchito modabwitsa analenga pamaso pa tingachipeze powerenga French.

Bwino anali atachoka zaka naintini pamene chiweruzo cha anzake ndi abwenzi (amene anali Stendhal), anapereka m'malo molimba mtima pa nthawi sewero. Mu zaka za m'ma chakhumi ndi chisanu ndi chinayi French Wolemba wina wayamba kutopa malamulo okhwima a classicism. Koma ngakhale wotere mankhwala novice Wolemba wina anzake ankaoneka alimbika mtima ndithu, zachilendo. Iwo anavomereza play, lomwe linalembedwa ndi mnyamata akulemera Merimee. yonena wake akulankhula za kenako kuwonekera koyamba kugulu zolembalemba. ntchito, amene amasangalala kwambiri Stendhal, Merimee anaganiza kufalitsa, mpaka anapeza kuti ungwiro.

Inspector misewu mbiri

Zikomo kuti udindo uwu, akulemera Merimee, amene mbiri akufotokoza nkhani ya masana ambiri, anali ndi mwayi kuyenda kwambiri kuzungulira dziko. Koma kuti tisangalale ndi malo akuzigawo anaphunzira patapita mukadzakula. Koma atamaliza maphunziro yunivesite Merimee lofalitsidwa ndi mndandanda wa masewero amatchedwa "Theatre Klary Gazul". Koma anafalitsa izo pansi pseudonym munthu.

Clara Gazul

Amene ife zimaonetsa wolemba ndi chi Wolemba wina dzina lake akulemera Merimee? yonena ake amanena kuti umunthu chapadera kwambiri anaima pakati pa mabwenzi. Mérimée sadakonda okha kuyenda ndi ulendo, komanso wabodza. Choncho, buku loyamba lofalitsidwa ndi iwo, wakhala yolembedwa ndi dzina la mkazi. A chithunzi pachikuto wokometsedwera Merimee, koma mu mawonekedwe wamkazi.

Iakinf Maglanovich

Kodi aliyense amatha yonena za mwadzidzidzi akulemera Merimee? Chidwi mfundo zokhudzana ndi nthawi yoyambirira ya moyo wake. Ngati deta yake yoyamba ya Merimee lofalitsidwa pansi pa dzina la ena Klary Gazul, lachiwiri pa chikuto cha buku Tingaone alias Iakinf Maglanovich. Zinali magulu m'Chiarabu Illyrian amatchedwa "Zeze" namakuuzani za mfiti, MIZUKWA ndi devilry ena. Buku chifukwa kugirigisha ku Ulaya, lero amaona ndi wochenjera ndipo zoseketsa potsanzira wowerengeka ndakatulo ya Western Asilavo.

Zabodza mbiri

Kenako Merimee mabuku kale pansi pa dzina lake. Iye anapereka kwa ntchito za owerenga pa mutu mbiri - "Jacquerie" ndi "Chronicle a nthawi ya Charles XIX». Ndiye Merimee anasolola mafani awo m'mayiko akutali. Novella "Mateo Falcone" - mbiri wankhanza wa moyo Chikosika. "Tengani redoubt" - ntchito tinadzipereka kwa kukana Russian mu nkhondo ndi Napoleon. Ndipo potsiriza, "Tamango" - zinapatsira ndi mkwiyo nkhani ya malonda a akapolo mu Africa.

kunyumba

Mu 1830, Merimee wayenda kwambiri mumtima mwake lokoma la Spain. Apa iye anakomana ndi Chiwerengero cha Teba, ndi mkazi wake. mwana wawo - Eugenia - anadzakhala Mfumukazi ya French. Bakuman kuyambira ali nacho kwa Merimee chikondi. Ndipo chifukwa wolemba unakhala "wake" m'bwalo. Pa makumi anai, anali kupereka mutu wa aphungu komanso zokonda chidaliro chonse cha Napoleon III. Policy ikhoza kusewera mbali yaikulu mu moyo wa akulemera Merimee, koma nthawi wonyeketsa. Mwina n'chifukwa chake zaka khumi iye analemba mabuku onse atatu.

Zhorzh Sand

Mu 1844 anapita buku la yochepa nkhani "Arsena Giyo". Mlembi wasonyeza chapamwamba khalidwe la akazi pa achifumu wagwa, chimene chinapangitsa manyazi kwambiri anthu. Chifukwa miseche ndi buku anakhala wolemba Merimee Zhorzh Sand. Iye courted kwa zaka ziwiri. Mukutha kudzutsa moyo emancipated ndi pachabe amuna akazi kumva. Koma buku limeneli sanali anapitiriza. Merimee kenako amanena kuti ngakhale pang'ono manyazi pa chibwenzi chake namupha zonse chokhumba.

"Carmen"

Mu 1845 adaziona kuwala kwa ntchito otchuka Mérimée. "Carmen" maziko a wotchuka za zisudzo za dzina lomweli. The amachita buku ndi chokonda kwambiri kapitawo kale, tsopano ANKAZEMBETSA KATUNDU ndi dzina la Jose, ndi kuchenjera ndi zimakhalira kumtundu kwathu nkhanza Carmencita. ntchito yapita anasamala mwapadera Merimee mores ndi miyambo ya anthu ufulu kukoma. Mtsikana amene safuna kuti adzipereke, kupha Jose. Novella Merime wakhala anajambula nthawi zambiri. Malinga ndi mabuku mutu anauziridwa ndi wolemba French mutawerenga Pushkin a ndakatulo "Majipise". Koma zoyenera kuti Merimee anakhoza kulenga chithunzi cha mphamvu si wolephera Don Quixote kapena Hamlet.

m'zaka zaposachedwapa

Merimee zaka makumi awiri zapitazi pafupifupi sanalenge zosemasema. Anadzipereka ntchito zolembalemba. Iye ankachita nawo Mabaibulo, analemba mabuku angapo zoyenera Gogol, Pushkin. Iwo Merimee anakakamizika French owerenga ankadziwa mabuku Russian. Mu 1861 anafalitsa ntchito journalistic wodzipereka kwa wamba kugalukira ku Russia. Mwa mabuku ena, mutu kumene kumakhudza chikhalidwe Russian: "zinachitika kwa mbiri Russian", "Ivan Turgenev", "Nikolai Gogol".

ntchito zina

Mérimée analenga ntchito asanu zochitikazi ndipo mabuku oposa makumi awiri. Komanso, iye lofalitsidwa ntchito angapo zoyenera kuyenda. Novella ndi akulemera Mérimée:

• "Federigo".
• "The Party wa backgammon."
• "Letters ku Spain."
• "Etruscan woumba."
• "The miyoyo ku purigatorio."
• "Kawiri vuto".
• "La Venus d'Ille".
• "Abbot Aubin."
• "Colomba".

Mwa mabuku olembedwa kwa zisudzo Merimee, titchedwe "mwankhanza mfuti", "Simunakondweretsedwe", "The kuwonekera koyamba kugulu la adventurer ndi."

"Lokys" - ntchito wotsiriza, amene imafalitsidwa akulemera Merimee.

Wambiri (imfa)

Mu 1870, mu Cannes, wamwalira, wamkulu French wolemba akulemera Mérimée. Pa gravestone wake anaika chikwangwani lolembedwa kuti: "Ndi chikondi ndi kupepesa. Zhorzh Sand ". Atamwalira wolemba anafika awiri a mabuku ake kuti: "Blue Malo", "Juman." Ndipo zaka zisanu pambuyo dziko ndi kuzizwa anamvetsera mbiri chidwi za Gypsy ndi ophatikizidwa Meringue nyimbo.