Mbatata: kukolola nthawi m'dera Leningrad ndi mu dela la mzinda. Terms of oyambirira mbatata yokolola. Kodi kudziwa nthawi kukolola mbatata?

Mbatata imagwera pa tebulo kale wake yomanga chilimwe wokhala zonse. tchire anasankha kuonongedwa ndipo anatenga tubers ochepa. Iwo ntchito ngati chakudya mu nyengo ya chilimwe. Mu njira iyi, chilimwe wokhala amayankha mizu chikapsa kudziŵa nthawi yabwino kwambiri yomanga awo. Amadziwika kuti chitukuko cha tubers mbatata limapezeka nthawi kuchokera maluwa ndi masamba chikasu. Inali nthawi imeneyi wamaliza kulumikizana ndi kupeza kulemera kutero. Kamodzi zimayambira kuyamba adzafota ndi kutembenukira chikasu - mukhoza kukumba mbatata.

Nyengo yokolola m'madera osiyanasiyana osiyana. Ngati inu kusonkhanitsa zokolola onse pa nthawi imodzi, ndipo mukhoza kupeza otsika khalidwe zipatso. Chizindikiro kuti tuber ali okhwima, ndi osalimba a rind ake. Ngati scrape chala chanu, ndi bwino kuchotsedwa. tubers awa akhala akukuchitirani wowuma zokwanira ndi yosamalika mpaka chaka chamawa.

Malangizo

1. Pakuti zokolola bwino kusankha si tsiku la mvula. Mlengalenga kutentha ayenera kukhala wotsika kuposa madigiri anayi. Zikatero nyengo, apezeka dziko musati n'kudziphatika kwa zida osati kusokoneza mchitidwewo.
2. Pokonza yaing'ono wakunja kwatawuni m'dera abwino foloko kapena fosholo. Ngati muli ndi kusonkhanitsa mbatata ndi gawo lalikulu, ndi bwino kugwiritsa ntchito njira yapadera.
3. Masamba sangakhale ndi mphamvu kuponya m'dengu, iwo akhoza kuonongeka. Pankhaniyi, analandira zopindika makina sadzaloledwa kuwasunga m'nyengo yozizira. Anataya mwa zina zowonongeka kapena matenda masamba kusokoneza mbewu lonse.

Nthawi kukolola mbatata mitundu yosiyana

Mulingo woyenera mbatata kukolola nthawi inu mukhoza kutenga pa maziko a kalasi lake. Mwachitsanzo, mitundu oyambirira okhwima mu masiku 60. Ndiko kuti, ngati kubzala zinachitikadi oyambirira May, pa chiyambi cha July tikhoza kukumba mizu.

Sing'anga mitundu oyambirira kukolola miyezi iwiri ndi theka (pafupifupi 70-80 masiku). Avereji - miyezi itatu (masiku 85-95), srednepozdnie ndipo kenako - pambuyo masiku 97-107. mitundu oyambirira ali oyenera okha anthu mowa, chifukwa m'matangadza yozizira si abwino (kusungidwa kokha mpaka December-January). Pa yomweyo chimango cha oyambirira mbatata kukolola kulola kusonkhanitsa zokolola pamaso pa isanayambike nyengo yozizira.

mitundu mochedwa mu zigawo zonse ndi nthawi kuti zipse. Ndithudi, m'ma September chapakati Russia ndi madera kumpoto kum'mawa wayamba kale mvula kupita.

Pamene kuli kwabwino kukumba mbatata m'dera Leningrad?

tubers makamaka kubzala m'dera lino amusankha oyambirira ndi Yapakatikati oyambirira mitundu. Mu zikhalidwe za masika mochedwa ndi ozizira yophukira muzu masamba kukula kenako ndi zovuta. Kawirikawiri anabzala mu May, zomera pachimake mu June. Patatha milungu iwiri ku mapeto a maluwa anapereka ofunda nyengo dzuwa iwo akhoza kukumba. Ngati nyengo yozizira, mbatata kukolola nthawi m'dera Leningrad imakhudzidwa kwambiri kwa theka lachiwiri la August. Nzika kudziwa mlingo wa kukhwima ngati masamba.

Mid-kalasi ndi srednepozdnie billet yabwino kwambiri chifukwa yozizira. Koma mu nkhanza nyengo ya mbatata, amene kukolola nthawi sinafike, m'pofunika kukumba zachilengedwe akufa masamba. Zimenezi nthaŵi zambiri zikuchitika m'ma September kuti kutentha kuchepetsa usiku ndi pansi pa ziro.

mbatata kwa chisamaliro pa kucha

Chakumapeto July - oyambirira August, masamba m'munsi pa zimayambira kuyamba ziume. Izi zikutanthauza kuti akuyandikira deadlines Mbatata zokolola. Panthawi imeneyi, siyani kumwetsa zomera (bowa kukhazikitsa pamene owonjezera chinyezi, ndi zikhawo angakhudzidwe ndi zowola bakiteriya). Mapesi ayenera kusintha mtundu ku wobiriwira chikasu. Tubers lalikulu kunenepa, peel awo wochiritsidwayo, ndi mlingo wa kuwonjezeka zili wowuma. Ndi nthawi yokolola. Ngati nthawi ndi anaphonya - mbatata oyambirira atagona pansi, amayamba kuonda ake akadakwanitsira, ndipo anakhudzidwa ndi choipitsa mochedwa, zowola ndi matenda ena.

Pamene kuli kwabwino kukumba mbatata mu dela la mzinda?

Komanso m'dera Leningrad, mitundu mochedwa mu dela la mzinda ndi zovuta kukula. Iwo sangakhoze nthawi okhwima pamaso nyengo yozizira. Ngati woyamba yophukira frosts anadzifula okha anamva, ndi tubers akhoza pang'ono amaundana pang'ono. Pankhaniyi, iwo sangakhoze anachoka kwa yosungirako yaitali. Choncho, wamaluwa amakonda oyambirira, Yapakatikati oyambirira ndi pakati-kucha Mitundu. mbatata kukolola nthawi mabusa kawirikawiri imayamba khumi lachiwiri la August. Mofulumira kucha ndondomeko za muzu, amalangiza kutchetcha mapesi kwa sabata imodzi asanayambe kukumba. Panthawi imeneyi, peel ikamauma ndi yomalizira ndondomeko ya kukalamba tubers. Komanso, njira imeneyi kumawonjezera nthawi yosungirako yozizira.

Kodi mofulumira kupsa ndondomeko ya tubers?

Akatswiri kudziwa njira zingapo mofulumira kukula mbatata amene nthawi yokolola ikutha. Kale anati kulandira kudula pamwamba sabata pamaso kukumba. Ndiponso amagwiritsa mankhwala processing njira. Chifukwa chaichi, ndi zimayambira sprayed ndi yankho zamkuwa sulphate pa mlingo wa 50 g pa 1 lita imodzi ya madzi. Amadyera ndi Dries chithandizo, tubers zimalimbikitsa zakudya ndi bwino wosiyana nsonga ya. Mu ichi atathana kuwongolera zokolola pafupifupi 10%.

Ndi zotheka kuti muchulukitse zokolola pogwiritsa ntchito feteleza. masiku 21 pamaso kukolola nsonga ankachitira ndi njira ya superphosphate mawerengedwe 150-200 ga pa 1 lita imodzi ya madzi. Chifukwa ichi, mu masamba kumaonjezera kuchuluka kwa wotchedwa chlorophyll, bwino photosynthesis, tubers kulandira mpweya ndi micronutrients.

Kodi kukolola?

Pofuna kusankha tubers ndi gawo lalikulu muyenera Mbatata kapena kuyenda-kumbuyo thirakitala ndi diggers. Ngati zida ngati palibe, ntchito pulawo kapena fosholo. Akatswiri amalangiza mafoloko - pamene ntchito kuchuluka kwa mbewu kuonongeka muzu ndi zochepa kwambiri. Ngati zosiyanasiyana kuposa wina anabzala mbatata, tiyenera kukumba padera. Ngati ndi kotheka, aliyense wa mitundu osankhidwa nthawi mbewu.

Zokolola lonse ziyenera kuyanikidwa. Kuchita izi, izo udzathiridwa pa polyethylene wouma mpweya wokwanira malo, imene Kodi mkatikati dzuwa. A masabata kukhwima misa izi kukonzekera masamba yozizira, peel iwo wamphamvu, adzaonetsera kupanda ungwiro ndi matenda nthaŵi zina. Kenako, akutanthauza zosankhidwa ndi zosankhidwa ndi kukula ndipo anaikidwa chidebe osiyana. Ngati zitsanzo mbewu anasankhidwa, iwo anayikidwa mu madengu osiyana kapena meshes. Kenako amanena kudziwa ndendende zimene mtundu wa deta ndi nthawi. Kuonongeka, matenda, mbatata kudula ndi zosankhidwa padera kapena kwathunthu kuchotsedwa. Pa kusungiramo zinthu zouma anaikidwa oyera kwa nthaka ndi haulm.

Momwe kukakukonzerani malo osungira?

Zima yosungirako masamba kungakhale chapansi kapena m'chipinda chapansi. Nyengo yatsopano ndi zofunika kukonzeketsera mwamsanga pakati chilimwe. Chifukwa chaichi, izo chikutha atamusolola, chaka chathachi m'matangadza ukonde ndipo T. D. A bwino mpweya wokwanira chipinda. Ngati kukonza zofunika anapanga maalumali kukaona dongosolo mpweya wabwino. Pambuyo kukonza mu chipinda kupanga disinfection. kali zonse ankachitira ndi yankho formalin, slaked laimu kapena kuchepetsedwa zothetsa kuthimbirira. Fungo si chitakonzedwa yomweyo, m'chipinda chapansi kutsekedwa kwa tsiku kapena masiku angapo. Ndiye kuiulutsa. Ngati zapamwamba amapezeka makoswe kapena mbewa poizoni iwo. Zipupa ndi denga la m'chipinda chapansi pa nyumba laimu ndi laimu matope, ndiyeno zouma. Zotsatirazi zonsezi akhoza kuyika mu mbatata m'chipinda chapansi, nthawi yokolola yomwe imagwera pa mapeto a chirimwe.

Kodi kukonzekera mbewu?

mbatata mbewu - ndi toyesa zosankhika mitundu oyambirira wolemera pafupi 80 ga, pakati ndi mochedwa, masekeli 50 magalamu, anasankhidwa kuchokera tchire athanzi ndi. Ngati bwino kukonzekera mbewu, tikhoza iyende bwino mu chaka chamawa. Tubers amasankhidwa molingana ndi mfundo izi: chitsamba oyambirira - ndi nthawi pafupifupi ndi mochedwa - yaikulu. Kenako, anasankha muzu masamba kachiwiri zosankhidwa ndi kuikidwa pa masabata awiri mu mpweya wokwanira, shaded chipinda. Nthawi imeneyi, chuma m'tsogolo kubzala ayenera kuonetsetsa chinyezi mkulu (pafupifupi 80%) ndi kutentha pafupifupi 18 ° ^C. Pambuyo pake, tubers kachiwiri zosankhidwa ndi mmatumba chifukwa muli zaikidwa.

Kudziwa mmene kudziwa nthawi kukolola mbatata, momwe angatolere bwino ndi sitolo, chilimwe mlendo n'zosavuta kukolola. Pa nthawi yomweyo ndiwokwanitsa kusunga mpaka chaka chamawa. Ndipotu, n'kofunika osati kukula lalikulu ndi wokongola muzu, nthawi kofunika kukumba izo, kusankha gawo chakudya ndi mbewu pokonzekera masika.