Mawu akuti "zachilengedwe magawidwe." Mapangidwe malo achilengedwe amadalira ...

Kodi Mzimuyo mapangidwe malo achilengedwe? Kodi malo achilengedwe zigwire pa dziko? Kuti tiyankhe mafunso amenewa ndi ena mukhoza kuwerenga nkhaniyi.

Natural magawidwe: mapangidwe malo achilengedwe m'gawo

Otchedwa Hrs envelopu wa dziko likuima yaikulu zachilengedwe zovuta. Ndi sakanikira kwambiri, mu gawo ofukula (amene afotokozedwa mu malamba a ofukula) ndi yopingasa (zimachitika) kuti chimaoneka mu kukhalapo kwa m'madera osiyanasiyana chibadwidwe dziko. Mapangidwe malo achilengedwe kumatengera zifukwa zingapo. M'nkhani ino tikambirana makamaka za ufulu wa envelopu Hrs wa heterogeneity.

Natural dera - ndi mbali ya chivundikirocho Hrs, amene losiyana akonzedwa zina mwa zakudya zachilengedwe ndi makhalidwe yake. zotsatirazi akhoza zimachitika zigawo izi:

• nyengo;
• chikhalidwe cha mpumulo;
• hydrological gululi m'dera;
• Kapangidwe nthaka;
• organic dziko.

Tikumbukenso kuti mapangidwe malo achilengedwe chimadalira pa chigawo choyamba. Komabe, mayina awo ndi malo achilengedwe, monga ulamuliro, chikhalidwe cha zomera ake. Pambuyo nyama zonse - kwambiri chidwi zikuluzikulu za malo aliwonse. M'mawu ena, zomera atenge mbali ya anasonyeza kuti amasonyeza kuya (amene zibisika pamaso pathu) zachilengedwe zovuta kupanga njira.

Tikumbukenso kuti malo achilengedwe - ichi ndi mlingo wokweretsa mu utsogoleri wolowezana wa regionalization zathupi Hrs dzikoli.

Zinthu ya magawidwe zachilengedwe

Ife zinthu zonse za mapangidwe malo achilengedwe Padziko Lapansi. Choncho, mapangidwe malo achilengedwe kumatengera zifukwa zotsatirazi:

1. Nyengo makamaka m'dera (mu gulu ili zimachitika zinthu kutentha, chikhalidwe cha humidification ndi misa mpweya katundu, omwe akuwapondereza m'dera).
2. Chikhalidwe ambiri a mpumulo (muyezo zambiri yekha amakhudza kasinthidwe malire a mudera makamaka zachilengedwe).

Mapangidwe malo achilengedwe Angagwiritsidwenso anakhudzidwa ndi moyandikana ndi nyanja, kapena pamaso pa mafunde amphamvu nyanja kutali ndi nyanja. Komabe, zinthu zonsezi sekondale. Koma chachikulu chimayambitsa magawidwe zachilengedwe ndi madera osiyana (malamba) kwa dziko lathu kulandira milingo yosiyanasiyana ya dzuwa ndi chinyezi.

malo achilengedwe a dziko

Kodi malo achilengedwe zimatulutsa geographers lero pa thupi la dziko lapansi? Tikungotchula iwo kwa mizati - kuti equator:

• Arctic (ndi Antarctic) zipululu.
• Titafika pamalo ndi Titafika pamalo nkhalango.
• Nayonso.
• Zone osokonezeka nkhalango.
• deciduous nkhalango nthambi.
• The nkhalango-steppe.
• Steppe (kapena tchire).
• Zone theka chipululu ndi chipululu.
• savannah nthambi.
• Area nkhalango zotentha mvula.
• Zone yonyowa kunyanja nkhalango (Gilea).
• Zone mvula (yamvula) nkhalango.

Ngati inu mukuyang'ana pa mapu zonation zachilengedwe., tiona kuti madera onse achilengedwe ili mu mawonekedwe a malamba a malangizo boma latitudinal. Ndiko kuti, malo amenewa amakonda kutambasula kuchokera kumadzulo kupita kum'mawa. Nthawi zina azimuth sublatitudinal sawaona. Chifukwa cha ichi, monga tanena kale, ali mbali ya gawo mpumulo anapatsidwa.

Komanso Dziwani kuti omveka bwino pakati pa madera achilengedwe alibe (monga mukuonera pa mapu). Motero, aliyense wa mabacteria ndi zayamba yosalala "umayenda" mu lotsatira. Pankhaniyi, pamphambano ya malire zambiri "zone" akhoza kupangidwa. Mwachitsanzo, iwo ndi theka kapena nkhalango nthambi.

Pomaliza

Kotero, ife tinapeza kuti mapangidwe malo achilengedwe kumatengera zifukwa zambiri. Chief pakati pawo - chiŵerengero cha kutentha ndi chinyezi dera, katundu wa mosavuta misa mpweya, khalidwe la mpumulo kapangidwe ka nthaka ndi zina zotero. Zogwiritsira zimenezi zili chomwechi m'madera onse: Africa, dziko, kapena ndi malo ochepa.

Geographers olekanitsidwa padziko lapansili oposa khumi ndi madera akuluakulu achilengedwe amene kuwonjezera mu mawonekedwe a malamba ndi kutibwezera wina ndi mzake kuchokera equator kwa M'madera a zitunda kumalo ozizira.