Mapiri a Yellowstone akuwuka ku America - mapeto a dziko lapansi kapena zochitika zachibadwa zachilengedwe?

Pamene dziko lonse la Europe likukumana ndi zovuta zandale, dziko lapansi linanjenjemera ku USA mwachidziwitso - chivomezi chinachitika ku Wyoming National Park, chomwe chinali ndi mphamvu pafupifupi zisanu, ndipo pazinthu zonse zofalitsa nkhani panali malipoti kuti mapeto a dziko adzabwera posachedwapa.

Nchiyani chinachitika mu April chaka chino mu paki ya dziko la America?

Kumayambiriro kwa chaka chino, akatswiri padziko lonse lapansi anayamba kulira phokoso lakuti mapiri a Yellowstone ku America anayamba kusonyeza ntchito, kudzuka. Chifukwa cha ichi chinali zivomezi zingapo, zomwe zamphamvu kwambiri zinalipo 4.8 mfundo, ndi kuwonjezeka kwakukulu kwa kutentha kwa madzi m'madzi a geyser. Malingana ndi akatswiri, izi zingachititse mavuto aakulu, mpaka ku Chivumbulutso. Ngakhale mapeto a dziko asanakhalepo, ngakhale kuti mapiriwa akuwuka mu America, koma moyo uwu wotsalira udzakhala wotalika kufikira liti? Izi palibe amene angathe kuganiza. Ndipotu, anthu amadziwa za zomwe zimachitika mobisa, osati zoposa zomwe zikuchitika kumadera akutali a zakuthambo, ndipo, mwinamwake, pamene phiri la Yellowstone lidzuka, timadabwa tonsefe. Monga tanenera, izi zikhoza kungoganiziridwa.

Ndi mapiri ati omwe amadzuka ku America? Kodi chofunika kwambiri pa mapiri a Yellowstone ndi chiyani?

Iye ali ku Wyoming, ku National Park National Park. Paki yokhayo ndi yokongola kwambiri, makamaka phokoso la Yellowstone, chithunzi cha malo awa chikulankhula za izo. Phiri lophulika ndi lalikulu kwambiri moti si aliyense amene angazindikire. Inu simungakhoze basi kumvetsa kuti zomwe inu mukuyang'anapo ndi phokoso la chiphalaphala. Ndipotu, iyi ndi "yaikulu" yamapiri m'mapiri, omwe ali mu paki. Mu sayansi, "chikho" ichi chimatchedwa caldera. Icho chimakwirira malo okwana makilomita 4,000. Kuti mudziwe molondola, tiyeni tiwone kuti gawo la "chikho" ndi malo amodzi ndi hafu ku Moscow ndi malo awiri a Tokyo. Panthawi ino ndi phiri lophulika kwambiri padziko lapansi. Malinga ndi asayansi, kuphulika kwa phirili kudzafanana ndi mphamvu ya kuphulika kwa mabomba ambiri a atomiki.

Phiri lophulika limene silingathetseretu

Komanso, asayansi atsimikizira kuti muzaka 17 miliyoni zapitazo, ndi periodicity pafupifupi zaka zikwi mazana asanu ndi limodzi, phirili likuwuka ku America. Pakuphulika, phulusa lalikulu ndi lava zimatuluka pamwamba. Kumtunda, kutalika kwa mtunda wa dziko lapansi ndi mamita 400, ndipo pa dziko lonse lapansi makulidwe ake ndi makilomita 40. Malingana ndi ochita kafukufuku, nthawi yotsiriza ya volchi ya Yellowstone inafalikira zaka 640,000 zapitazo. Kotero, mwinamwake, posachedwa ife tidzakambirana za mapiri a Yellowstone akudzuka ku America. Ndipo Padziko Lapansi masautso akuluakulu akutsatira amayamba, monga momwe moyo wonse umamwalira.

Kodi n'zotheka kuti pamene phiri la Yellowstone lidzuka, kutha kwa dziko lapansi kudzachitika?

Ochita kafukufuku ena amakhulupirira kuti chiopsezo chachikulu ndi choopsa kwambiri. Malingana ndi iwo, mphamvu yakuphulika idzafanana ndi mphamvu ya mliriwu, umene unachitikira ngakhale pa kubadwa kwa moyo pa Dziko Lapansi. Munda wa United States udzatsanulira makilomita zikwi masentimita a lava. Malo omwe malowa sakufika adzaphimbidwa ndi phulusa laphalaphala. Dziko lonse la North America lidzasanduka chipululu chopanda kanthu.

Maiko ena, malinga ndi akatswiri, nawonso, musapeŵe vuto, popeza phulusa lidzafika ku mlengalenga ndi kudzaza dziko lonse lapansi kuchokera ku dzuwa. Udzakhala wautali kwambiri pa dziko lapansi. Zidzakhala zosatheka kuona chirichonse ngakhale pa mkono.

Padziko lapansi, popanda kutentha kwa dzuwa, nyengo yozizira idzalamulira. Kutentha m'madera osiyanasiyana a dziko lapansi kudzatsika kufika pamtunda kuchokera pa -15 mpaka -50 madigiri. Zomera zidzafa, kupanga zokolola zaulimi zidzachepetsedwa. Anthu ayamba kufa ndi njala ndi hypothermia. Malingana ndi akatswiri, anthu 99% a anthu padziko lapansi adzafa, ndipo chiwerengero cha masiku oyambirira a masiku oipawa chayamba kale ...

Kodi ndi zizindikiro ziti zomwe zikusonyeza kuti mphukira yayandikira kale?

Ziri kutali ndi kuti akatswiri ali olondola ndipo chirichonse chidzatha monga chowopsya monga tafotokozera pamwambapa. Komabe, kuyambira kumayambiriro kwa chaka cha 2014 ku Yellowstone, malinga ndi magulu osiyanasiyana, zochitika zapakati pa 60 mpaka 200 zinachitika. Mphamvu kwambiri mwa iwo inalembedwa pa March 30, mphamvu yake inali, monga tafotokozera, mapepala 4.8. Kutentha kwa nyanja zambiri zotchedwa geyser ku paki ya dzikoli kwakula mofulumira ndi madigiri 20. Izi zikutanthauza kuti magma amayendayenda padziko lonse lapansi.

Malinga ndi asayansi, ponena za kuphulika kwa phiri lomwe lili ku Yellowstone, magma akuluakulu akhoza kutayika padziko lapansi, kukula kwake komwe kumakhala makilomita 80 mpaka 20. Mwina, kutha kwa dziko sikudzachitika, ndipo sikuti anthu ambiri adzafa kapena aliyense adzakhalabe ndi moyo, koma chuma cha ku America chikhoza kuthandizidwa kwambiri. N'zotheka kuti mayiko ena athandize US kuti apirire zotsatira za tsoka lomwe lingabwere kuchokera ku mapiri a Yellowstone ku America akuwuka.

Ndichinthu china chiti chomwe chingachitike ngati kutuluka kwa phiri ku Yellowstone?

Monga tafotokozera kale, malipoti a mapeto a dziko lapansi atatha kuchitika zivomezi ku Yellowstone nthawi yayitali. Ndithudi, izo sizingayambike pakali pano kapena posachedwapa. Komabe, chifukwa chakuti sichidzatha sichidzatsimikizidwenso mwina. Mwinamwake ku Yellowstone kudzakhala chivomezi chachikulu, chimene, mosakaika, chidzapweteka kwambiri.

Kawirikawiri, kuthekera kwa kuphulika ndi zotsatira zomwe zidzachitike pamene mapiri a Yellowstone akadzuka sitinganene motsimikizika, munthu akhoza kungoganiza chabe. Mwina, anthu wamba samauzidwa chirichonse ndipo chinachake chimabisika kwa iwo. Palibe yemwe anganene kanthu za izo ndendende. Zimadziwika kokha kuti m'chakachi boma la America silinayambe kuthawa anthu ochokera kumadera omwe ali pafupi ndi Parkstone National Park.