Magnetron: kanthu ndi mfundo chipangizo

Kuti Phokoso payekha ndi mkulu, ntchito magnetrons. minda ya magetsi ndi maginito kuchita ndi mphamvu yapamwamba. Motero, mkulu-pafupipafupi Phokoso zimachitika. Kambirimbiri mtundu chipangizo ndi Multiresonator. Izi kuchita magnetron pa ma elekitironi magulu atatu chabe:

• magetsi;
• maginito;
• Mayikirowevu.

Magnetron: zinaoneka ndi mmene

Kwa nthawi yoyamba mawu anagwiritsidwa ntchito mu 1921 ndi American sayansi A. Hull. kafukufuku ndi zatsopano anali anapitiriza zikubweretsa zikamera wa zosiyanasiyana magnetrons, zomwe zinayamba kugwiritsidwa ntchito mu zamagetsi. The setifiketi kwa Kutulukira ichi chinapezeka mwa Jacquet mu 1924. Ndipo Iye anatulukira magnetron ano, amene opaleshoni mfundo zachokera mogwirizana minda iwiri.

Khumi awa anali mayiko omwe akutukuka magnetron kupanga microwaves. Cholinga chachikulu anali kuonjezera oscillation pafupipafupi, chomwe chingathe kuchitidwa kokha ndi wasayansi Soviet. Iwo adakula kufunika koyamba kawiri, ntchito mkuwa monga chuma anode.

chipangizo

Mtima chipika magnetron anode wapangidwa kwa yamphamvu mkuwa ankakhala ndi bowo mkati. Pa malo ake, pali mphako, iwo ndi mphete dongosolo cavities. Pakati pa anode ali ndi bowo kudutsa ndi kulumikiza kwa magetsi. Komanso anode za izo chikugwirizana ndi cathode lapansi. Iye filament, ndi mkangano ndi kudutsa pakati pa anode lapansi. Kuonetsetsa mkulu linanena bungwe oscillation linanena bungwe amayikidwa mu chotero resonator. Mkati zingalowe m'malo a chipika anode. Pakuti chipsyepsye ake yozizira wayikidwa padziko radiators lapansi.

Ikani unit kuti anakwatulidwa pakati pa maginito kulenga maginito ya mphamvu zokwanira. Kukhazikitsa voteji pakati pa anode ndi cathode, ndipo kuti ndithu mlandu osachiritsika ili pafupi anode lapansi. The ma elekitironi ku cathode ndi ayamba kusuntha chifukwa zochita za m'munda wa magetsi. Iwo kuyenera kwa anode ndi magnetron, mfundo ya kanthu amene ali ndi maginito, akubwerera izo mophiphiritsa cathode lapansi.

Kuti tikwaniritse zotsatira, pamene ma elekitironi kusuntha pamodzi bwalo anafotokoza choncho pafupi anode, koma adzabwezedwa, n'zotheka, kusunga ngati zinthu zina mu minda iwiri zokhudzana. Mu chikhalidwe ichi, anode ndi zochepa ka ma elekitironi onse panamveka ku cathode lapansi.

Kubwerera ku cathode wa ma elekitironi ndi m'malo. ndondomeko imeneyi, kupanga pafupi anode pa mtengo mu mawonekedwe a mphete. kulamulira kotero akuyamba kupangidwa pa chilichonse M'mimbamo, pali mkulu-pafupipafupi Phokoso undamped. kusinthasintha kungatenge mupewe coils a mawaya, kukonza iwo mu aliyense wa cavities a. Zotsatirazi Phokoso awa opatsirana kwa waveguide (kapena mzere coaxial).

Magnetron angatchedwe mayikirowevu chida, izo jenereta, wosatsogoleredwa, chisonyezo cha ma elekitironi mu izo zikuchitika mu minda iwiri: pakompyuta ndi maginito. Iwo amalenga magnetron mfundo za machitidwe a minda awiri awa, zomwe ndi wachitatu - ndi mayikirowevu.

ntchito

Iwo angagwiritsidwe ntchito zamagetsi. Mwachitsanzo, pokonza mapu Rada. Kuti zimenezi zitheke, a magnetron ayenera zigwirizana osati za chakudya nyanga, koma kuchokera imaonetsa parabolic. Pogwiritsa ntchito mwamphamvu nyemba ndi kwaiye lalifupi kulamulira Kugunda mayikirowevu poizoniyu. Part mphamvu amasonyeza, iwo anabwerera waveguide ndi mlongoti amene wakutumani kuti wolandila lapansi. Pambuyo processing, deta limapezeka pa mapu Rada.

Ntchito tsiku ndi tsiku

Ng'anjo, zomwe ndi zochokera microwaves, mfundo opaleshoni chosiyana. The magnetron kwa uvuni mayikirowevu ali kumapeto kwa waveguide kuti wailesi pafupipafupi mandala kutsegula kuti anapanga m'chipinda kuphika. Choncho n'kofunika kuti monga mbaula ndi yekhayo pamaso pa chakudya mmenemo. Popanda chikhalidwe ichi, ataima mafunde adzachititsa arcing, kuyambira mafunde maginito musati kuyamwa, ndipo anabwerera. Ngati zimatha nthawi yaitali, magnetron ndi zovuta kwambiri kuti ndisiye. Mlingo pa zimene chakudya mu mayikirowevu uvuni lokonzedwa mwachindunji zimadalira mphamvu ya magnetron lapansi.

Ambiri mauvuni mayikirowevu ali ndi mphamvu Watts 700 mpaka 850. Izi zingakhale zokwanira kuwira kapu ya madzi mu mphindi 2-3 basi. Magnetron kwa mayikirowevu "Saturn", malingana chitsanzo, angakhale mphamvu osiyana. Kusankha mayikirowevu kampani, mukhoza kuyamba izo amayerekezera magnetrons, kenako ntchito zina.

kugula mayikirowevu

Pogula uvuni mayikirowevu ayenera kudziwa mfundo za ntchito zake. Ambiri osamala kuti njira imeneyi, mu kumaganiza kuti ndi gwero la cheza. Ndipotu mfundo mayikirowevu, kuti dzina lake likunenera. Mayikirowevu - osati kuti zina, monga "pafupipafupi kopitilira muyeso-mkulu." Iye dzuwa, ndithudi, si limatulutsa, koma kuti zimenezo njira kusamala.

Mayikirowevu wotuluka paja kuteteza ena ku cheza mayikirowevu. uvuni Izi zida ndi kachipangizo wapadera, zomwe disables ndi magnetron ngati chitseko tidutse. Malizitsani magnetron ntchito mfundo zomwe ndi kukhala microwaves sadzatha, ngati chosemphana ndi malamulo a ntchito. Ngati mwaika uvuni Mwachitsanzo, mbale zitsulo, mwachidule adzakhala kuletsa chipangizo lonse.

Bakuman ku mauvuni mayikirowevu apite kunja osaposa mamita asanu. Choncho, pa nthawi imene chikugwira, ndi bwino kutali. Komabe, kamangidwe wa m'makhitchini kwambiri nyumba ya musalole izi, chifukwa kufunika kupita ku chipinda china.

Munda mu atomu a contactless ndi likamatenthetsa chakudya anaika mu uvuni mayikirowevu. Komanso, Kutentha ndondomeko chikuchitika mwachindunji mwa mankhwala, motero kuchepetsa nthawi kuphika kwa mphindi zochepa. Sikuti kwa mbale chisanadze kutentha, amene ali chakudya.

Zotsatira zabwino, muyenera kudziwa kuphika zophikira kuchenjerera yokonza mankhwala ena. Popeza chakuti nthawi akudutsa, ndipo mauvuni mayikirowevu chipangizo sasintha, tikhoza kuganiza kwawo zambiri ndi kuphatikiza mosalekeza kwa m'makhitchini ogula ambiri.

Kugula mayikirowevu magnetron

Kugula wekha magnetron, m'pofunika kudziwa chizindikiro. Osati kuti amalakwitsa kugula magnetron pa mayikirowevu ndi LG, muyenera kukhala bwino ndi chomwe iwo ali. Mphamvu anafooka kwa magnetron 2M213. Mphamvu linanena bungwe pa katundu lililonse ndipo 700 ndi 600 W, motero, anodic tanthauzo - 3,95 kVp, ndi pafupipafupi - 2460 MHz.

Magnetrons ndi mtengo pafupifupi ochepa. Zikuluzikulu za iwo: 2M214. Mu pempheroli, pafupipafupi ali yemweyo anodic mtengo pang'ono apamwamba - 4,20 kVp. mphamvu linanena bungwe pa katundu ndi chabwino - 1000 ndi 850 W, motero.

Mfundo pazipita magawo mu magnetron marki2M246. Pamene pafupipafupi yemweyo ndiye wamkulu kuposa anode - 4,40 kVp, ambiri mphamvu linanena bungwe pa katundu wa - 1150 W, mmene - 1000 W.

Kodi n'zotheka mmalo manja awo

mtundu uliwonse wa magnetron kwa mayikirowevu uvuni LG, mukhoza m'malo chimodzimodzi kwa Makampani ena, monga "Samsung". Mofananamo, munthu akhoza m'malo magnetron kwa mayikirowevu "Samsung" Opambana mchitidwe ku kampani ina. Ngati chitsanzo cha banja mauvuni mayikirowevu adzamasulidwa kwa nthawi yaitali, ndiye kupeza gawo lolingana a mtundu zovuta. Mwina Mlengi wachotsa mtundu uwu kupanga.

Koma ngakhale ngati mukudziwa mfundo za machitidwe a magnetron, ayenera sagwira kukonza zida ngati kunyumba paokha.

Kugula magnetron kwa uvuni mayikirowevu 2M218 JF Daewoo akhoza nazo, kulamula masitolo apadera kapena kuchokera Mlengi. Ndipafupifupi 2 zikwi rubles.

Chifukwa cha ntchito ya mayikirowevu

Reheating chakudya mu uvuni mayikirowevu chiri motere: chakudya lili mamolekyulu madzi, izo, nawonso, imakhala particles ndithu mlandu ndi moyipa. mamolekyulu zimenezi ndizo dipole, chifukwa ochititsa wabwino mafunde magetsi.

Pomaliza

The breakage pafupipafupi uvuni mayikirowevu - Kutha kwa magnetron lapansi. Kugula magnetron pa mayikirowevu LG (monga, ndithudi, ndi opanga zina zokhudza zipangizo banja) ndipo m'malo wekha ndi mabvuto ndithu. Ngakhale ngati pali mchitidwe yoyenera pofuna zitha kuchidziwa.

Pamaso kugula chipangizo ofunika mtengo wake poyerekeza ndi mtengo wa mayikirowevu lapansi. Nthawi zambiri zimachitika kuti kukonza kuti ndalama zoposa kugula. Nthawi zonse kuganizira chinthu ichi.

Kotero, ife tinapeza chifukwa pali chinthu monga magnetron, ndipo ziti zimene imagwiritsidwa ntchito.