Mlembi American ndi screenwriter Dzheyms Klavell: yonena, zilandiridwenso

Monga woyambitsa wa mndandanda wa mabuku wotchuka linkadziwika kuti "Saga Asian", wolembedwa mu nthawi ya pakati pa 1962 ndi 1993, ndi wolemba luso, Clavell zambiri anaphunzira ku ntchito zawo kulenga mphamvu ya East ndi West wina ndi mnzake. Ngwazi za ntchito zake akufunitsitsa kumvetsa chikhalidwe ndi nzeru za Asia. maganizo otsutsana ndi mikangano pa maziko a dziko, amene nthawi zonse zinthuzo ovulala anthu, tikuonera ntchito zake, monganso Dzheyms Klavell kufikira m'masiku otsiriza anakhalabe olimbikira individualist ndi odana ndi lopondereza. A chikoka chachikulu pa ntchito a wolemba zinthu ndi mavuto anapirira ukapolo. khalidwe lake indomitable chinapangidwa pa Nkhondo Yachiwiri ya World, zochitika zimene anali kutsogolera kwa chilengedwe cha mzimu amphamvu a m'nkhaniyi, zinthu zambiri zofanana ndi wolemba.

ubwana

Mu mzinda wa Sydney, October 10, 1924 British Royal Navy Captain Richard Clavell banja Polemeretsedwa - anali ndi mwana Dzheyms Klavell. Wambiri ya wolemba tsogolo linadzaza ndi zosintha osiyana kuyambira ndili wamng'ono. Pamene mwana anali ndi miyezi inayi, makolo ake anasamukira ku England. Ndi chikhalidwe cha utumiki Clavell mkulu Nthawi zambiri kusamuka, James anali ndi mwayi wokaona m'mizinda yambiri ku doko. Kuganiza wapadera Iye anapanga Hong Kong ndi nkhani bambo ake za Zopatsa pa Mtsinje Yangtze. Ndiye mnyamata ndi anachita chidwi mu chikhalidwe kum'maŵa ndi maphunziro a zilankhulo.

achinyamata

Anakulira pa nkhani ya bambo ake ndi agogo, amenenso anali mkulu mu Royal yapamadzi, Dzheyms Klavell akulakalaka ntchito ya usilikali. Iye ankaimira, womwe kulima nyanja ndi zimachita zinthu zogometsa, ngati ngwazi za ntchito ankakonda zolembalemba. Nditamaliza sukulu ku sekondale mu Portsmouth, achinyamata James, kumvera kwathu ndi mangawa ndi banja miyambo, anasankha utumiki mu yapamadzi, koma chifukwa sankaona sanali pochitika kusankha, ndipo mu 1940 analowa British Royal zida zankhondo.

zaka nkhondo

Pamene moto unabuka ya Nkhondo Yachiwiri ya World, James anali mu Malaysia. Nkhondo ina anavulala kwa kanthawi 18 wazaka womenya anatha kubisa asilikali a ku Japan kumidzi. Koma pamapeto pake, anagwidwa ndi kutumizidwa woyamba ku ndende pachilumba cha Java, ndiyeno msasa hellish bliz Changi ku Singapore, kumene iye anakhala mpaka mapeto a nkhondo. Kenako, wolemba Dzheyms Klavell ananena kuti kupulumuka mu msasa m'ndende, kumene limodzi lokha 15 zowawa wozunzikirapo, matenda, ndi njala, ndi wathandiza anthu kukhulupirira kuti munthu ali wamphamvu kuposa mmene zinthu zilili komanso chilengedwe chimene ili. ululu Wake ndi zidindo ku chochitika wolemba sanayambe nawo poyera, ndi kuzinyamula kwa buku "Mfumu Khoswe". Atatuluka ukapolo, Clavell anabwerera ku England, ndi pa nthawi ino udindo wa mkulu. ntchito ake ankhondo unatha James Kalanga njinga yamoto ngozi kuti anamusiya kalekale olumala.

Kusintha kwa moyo ndi ntchito

The wachinyamata kupendanso mapulani awo kwa moyo m'tsogolo, ndipo mu 1946 anayamba University of Birmingham. njira amakhala kwambiri chifukwa yunivesite Dzheyms Klavell anakumana Ammayi Epril Strayd, pakati pawo inadutsa maganizo, February 20, 1951 okonda tinakwatirana. James anadzakhala atate wonyada wa ana aakazi awiri, Michaela ndipo ankakhulupirira. Popeza mkazi wake kwa nthawi yaitali chikhalidwe cha ntchito ikuchitika pa situdiyo ya, Clavell nthawi zambiri anali kupita kumeneko. Mwachete, James anapeza ntchito yake luso anakhala wogulitsa mafilimu.

Screenwriter ndi wotsogolera

Mu 1953, Clavell wasankha kuyesa mwayi wake mu United States. Atalandira kuti ndikatumikire mu woyendetsa TV, anasamukira ndi banja lake ku New York. Tikwaniritse zotsatira anakhumba n'zotheka osati kamodzi Choncho, kuthandizapo, tsogolo wotchuka wolemba si kupewa tsiku ntchito ngati ntchito wamba, usiku kulemba zolembedwa. talente yake ndi chidwi mu filimu kupereka woyamba chifukwa chachikulu mu 1958: pa script wake kupanga filimu "The Ntchentche" chomwe pambuyo chinasinthidwa tingachipeze powerenga yonthunthumilitsa. Mu 1959 anaona amasulidwe "Vatusi" olembedwa Clavell, ndipo ngakhale udindo waukulu mu filimu ndi kale wotchuka Maykl Keyn, chithunzi sanalandire kulandira ulemu otsutsa. Kutchuka wolemba sakufuna kulekerera boma la zinthu, akunena kuti chithunzi walephera chifukwa Kutengera zosayenera nkhaniyo. Tsopano Dzheyms Klavell akufuna kusamalira ndondomeko lonse wodzilamulira yopanga mafilimu m'chaka chomwecho, kupanga filimu, "zisanu Gates ku Gehena," amene amachita monga screenwriter ndi, wotsogolera ndi sewerolo. Ndiye filimu anawomberedwa mu 1960, "Yendani ngati chinjoka," ndipo mu 1963 dziko anaona filimu "The Great Mpulumutsi." Mufilimuyi inanenedwa mbiri ya akaidi a nkhondo yothawira ya kwambiri kulondera pamsasa Nazi. Mufilimuyi anabweretsa Clavell kupambana kwakukulu ndi mphoto kwa Writers munalidi gulu kuti filimu yabwino kwa chaka. Mu moyo wa mkulu ndi screenwriter amabwera kusintha kwina: m'chaka chomwecho analandira US nzika.

buku loyamba

Kupambana ndi ntchito ankakonda chonde Clavell, koma musati kuthandiza kuiwala zoopsa zonse za nkhondo ndi ukapolo, amene ankakumana nawo. Mkazi limalangiza James kulemba za zochitika ndi kufotokoza maganizo awo pa pepala kuchotsa akugwera zotsutsana ake ndi mkangano, zingawalimbikitse mawonekedwe a bukhu. Choncho buku loyamba "Mfumu Khoswe" linasindikizidwa mu 1962, zomwe wolemba ali anafotokoza zambiri zimene zinkachitika mu msasa Changi. Ili ndilo buku loyamba pa mndandanda, linkadziwika kuti "Saga Asian." Kenako kale Olemba American Dzheyms Klavell anakumbukira kuti n'zovuta anapatsidwa ntchito pa bukhu. Drafts wa tsamba lililonse amayenera kulilembanso ambiri nthawi kukwaniritsa zinkakhalira zinachitika mu buku la. Buku anakhala bestseller yomweyo, ndipo patatha zaka zitatu filimu zinali zochokera buku la.

Wolemba Dzheyms Klavell: ntchito zake

Mu 1966, izo limafalitsa Clavell buku "Tai-Pan," ndipo ngakhale otsutsa si choncho pamodzi ndi nsangala moni buku, patapita anajambula buku. Clavell akupitiriza kulemba zolembedwa ndi kupanga mafilimu, monga ulamuliro, nkhani asilikali thrillers. Wotchuka kwambiri ndi otchuka buku "asilikali" wolemba mabuku mu 1975, buku agulitsa manambala yaikulu, ndipo mu 1980 anajambula buku. Mufilimuyi grossed omvera oposa 120 miliyoni, ndipo Richard Chamberlain, amene ankaimba ntchito yaikulu ya kuyenda panyanja British, anakapezeka Japan, nthawi yomweyo ananyamuka pamwamba pa kutchuka. Pa Broadway, mankhwala anaperekedwa mu 1989, ndipo kenako panali masewera kompyuta a dzina lomweli.

Bypasses wolemba chidwi ndi omvera ana, ndi lofalitsidwa "nkhani Ana" mu 1980. Mutu wa East wakhala chidwi ndi pafupi kwambiri wolemba, kotero iye akugwirabe ntchito pa mndandanda wa mabuku a "Saga Asian." Mu 1981, anafalitsa buku la "Ichi House" limatiuza za zochitika zimene zinachitika mu zaka zao za sikisite wa mzaka zana makumi awiri mu Hong Kong. Kenako mu 1986, owerenga ndi bwino buku "Whirlwind", limene likusimba za zochitika izi zimene zinachitika zaka khumi mu Iran. Iwo anamaliza vuto la buku mbiri "Gai-Jin", kanthu chimene chikuchitika mu m'ma chakhumi ndi chisanu ndi chinayi Japan. Lofalitsidwa bukhu mu 1993. Kuwonjezera kulemba, ntchito olemba 'ndipo wotsogolera, Clavell, amene kuyambira ali mwana ankakonda chikhalidwe kum'mawa ndi zinenero zambiri, anamasuliridwa mabuku akale. Choncho, akhoza atengere mu 1983, kumasulira ndi kusindikiza wotchuka buku la "Luso la nkhondo" Sun Tzu a.

Personal moyo ndi zikhulupiriro

pa shopu kulenga anzake amanena kuti wolemba American ndi screenwriter Dzheyms Klavell anali ndi khalidwe amphamvu. Iye akanakhoza kukhala wankhanza ndi ozizira aulemu kuti anthu amene sanali kudziwa, ngakhale amphamvu. Bwino chachikulu cha ntchito wolemba anamupanga iye miliyoneya, koma pa nthawi yomweyo Clavell konse anathamangitsa ndalama, zilandiridwenso wakhala chinthu chofunika kwambiri. Ofalitsa kuti wolemba kupewa patsogolo ndi sanavomereze deadlines. Iye ananena kuti ali ndi ndalama kulemba zomwe iwo akuona kuti n'zokwanira pa mayendedwe anu. mwana wake akukumbukira kuti munthu sanali wolemba anthu Dzheyms Klavell. Photos zimene wolemba limasonyeza ntchito, kupanga bwino mmene ntchito anatanthauza kwa iye. banja lake wakhala malo achitetezo, pamene wolemba chobisa kwa atolankhani intrusive. Kamodzi iye anabvomereza kuti kukhulupirira moyo uno, yekha mkazi ndi ana ake. Popeza banja nazo ndalama zokwanira, wolemba zambiri adakhala kumbuyo gudumu la ndege yake ndi kuloŵa kulemba ntchito limodzi la nyumba yathu mu United States, Austria kapena France. Pamodzi ndi mkazi wake ulendo kwambiri, makamaka ku Asia.
Mpaka masiku otsiriza a Dzheyms Klavell anapitiriza ntchito, koma ntchito ambiri akhala akuyendera chifukwa chaukali oncological matenda amene anamenyera nthawi yaitali. The Izitu n'zovutitsa moyo wolembayo anali kudula yochepa sitiroko, amene wakhala atagonjetsedwa izo September 6, 1994 m'tauni ya Vevey ku Switzerland. Iye anafa mwezi pamaso kubadwa kwake sevente.