DSLR-kamera - ndi chiyani ichi? Mwachidule, mbali, ubwino ndi mbali

Ngati mukuona kuti mphamvu ya kamera yanu yaying'ono umaona, pali zifukwa zokwanira kulabadira DSLR-kamera. Izi zipangizo zamakono ndi masensa zikuluzikulu image, Optics aakulu, wangwiro amazilamulira Bukuli bwino ntchito ndiponso ntchito zake zosiyanasiyana za magalasi mosinthana. Komabe, magwiridwe izi zonse owonjezera ndi okwera mtengo, ndipo mtengo wa digito SLR kamera akhoza kukula, makamaka kupeza Chalk zina.

Komanso, tiyenera kukumbukira kuti ndalama ndi padera mu DSLR-kamera. Ngati chipangizo choyamba anali Canon, zikuoneka kwambiri kuti chotsatira chidzakhala chitsanzo kwa Mlengi yemweyo, kukhala wokhoza ntchito magalasi akulu ndi Chalk. Pano pali mbali Muyenera kuganizira kwambiri pamene kugula digito SLR kamera, ndi mndandanda pamwamba oveteredwa zitsanzo alipo lero.

Kumvetsetsa kachipangizo kukula

Ambiri ogula SLR ntchito masensa image, amene miyeso ngakhale apamwamba kuposa kuti makamera ochiritsira digito, koma pang'ono kakang'ono kuposa chimango 35mm filimu. Zingakhale pang'ono wosokonezeka pamene iwo kulankhula za m'munda wa view wa kamera, monga amayesetsa focal kwa compacts nthawi zambiri poyerekeza ndi 35 mm ofanana. Standard kachipangizo APS-C ali ndi 1.5-khola "mbewu Chinthu". Izi zikutanthauza kuti 18-55 mamilimita mandala amene amabwera ndi DSLRs kwambiri chimakwirira munda 35mm maganizo ofanana ndi 27-82,5 mm. Izi zikufanana ndi 3X makulitsidwe mandala wamba kamera ndi kutalika focal 28 mm.

Mu kachipangizo zikuluzikulu zambiri ubwino. Iwo limakupatsani bwino kulamulira akuya munda fano - olekanitsidwa chinthu ndi kulenga maziko amaona. Amenewa ndi watchulidwa akuti Japanese "bokeh". Yake zambiri zalembedwa, koma Tinganene kuti kuwala kwambiri imagwera pa masanjidwewo kuti numerically akufotokoza zakulera kabowo kapena chiwerengero cha pafupipafupi f, maziko zambiri amaona akhoza kuwapeza. Mawonedwe ndi kabowo pazipita f / 1.4 skips kuwala nthawi 8 kuposa f / 4, ndipo mukhoza kulenga shallower akuya kumunda ofanana Utali ndi kuwombera mtunda.

Chifukwa china chomwe ndi chotheka kuti achepetse kusankha pa kachipangizo lalikulu - ndi kuchepetsa phokoso fano. 20 megapixel DSLR ali pixels ambiri kuposa kamera ochiritsira ndi chimodzimodzi kusamvana. Izi amalola pixels lalikulu anapereka tilinazo apamwamba sensa monga anayeza mu mawonekedwe digito monga ISO, ndi apansi phokoso fano. The ntchito m'dera wamkulu pamwamba kwagona limene limasintha mtundu kapena kuwala pang'onopang'ono kuposa "Sopo". Izi zimathandiza kuti kukwaniritsa zithunzi zambiri zachilengedwe ndi lingaliro wamkulu wa mozama.

makamera zonse chimango

Ena SLR DSLR-kamera (Canon mbo 6D) zili ndi masensa kuti ali wofanana kukula kwa 35mm filimu. Izi zipangizo zonse chimango zambiri mtengo kuposa anzawo ndi APS-C masanjidwewo. Ngati m'tsogolo cholinga ndi kupita chimango mokwanira, ayenera kukhala osamala pamene kugula magalasi. Ena mwa iwo apangidwa ntchito ndi APS-C. Canon adzaitana mzere wake wa EF-S APS-C-mandala, ndi mandala kuphimba chimango zonse, wotchedwa EF. Nikon DSLR-makamera ntchito njira zofanana, chodetsa "nakonza" Optics kuphatikiza DX, zonse chimango - FX. Sony magalasi awo APS-C anawonjezera lakuti Deuteronomo, ndi Pentax DA amawaitana.

Kusankha kamera

Nkofunika kusankha kamera kuti ndi omasuka ku dzanja. Ngakhale DSLRs ambiri ofanana kukula ndi chipango, kalembedwe chogwirira, amazilamulira malo, ndi zina ergonomic zingasiyane kwambiri.

Anasankha digito DSLR kamera ayenera kukhala omasuka kwambiri kugwiritsa ntchito. Ngati ziri zazikulu kwambiri kapena yaing'ono kukhala omasuka, ngati amazilamulira si pabwino akufunira wosuta ichi, mwayi simungathe kukhala ndi kuwombera mu zonse.

mandala reflex viewfinder

Ndi tanthauzo DSLR liri ndi viewfinder kuwala kuti amasonyeza fano anagwidwa ndi kamera mandala, koma iwo sali onse ofanana. galasi akutsogolera kuwala kwa mmodzi wa mitundu iwiri viewfinders. The oyamba - pentamirror - zambiri pa zipangizo kulowa-mlingo, monga Woukira SL1 Canon mbo ndalama zankhaninkhani 549,00 kapena Nikon D5500. Mu mtundu wa zithunzi viewfinder ntchito kufika 3 kalirole mu diso la wojambula zithunzi, amene anatembenuka pa izo kuti likukhalira kukhala zolondola, monga kuyenera fano kukalowa pa sensa moyo weniweniwo.

pentaprism

Mtundu wachiwiri wa viewfinder DSLR-kamera - ndi pentaprism. Ndi olimba galasi prism, amene akuchita chinthu chomwecho monga pentamirror. Choyamba, monga ulamuliro, ankawonjezereka ndi wowala kuposa wachiwiri. General kuwala facilitates nkhanza mafano ndi limakupatsani bwino kuonetsetsa kuti chithunzi ndi wofunika kwambiri. Pentaprism zambiri kuonekere m'ma osiyanasiyana makamera SLR monga mbo Canon 80D mtengo wa 1199,00 madola US, ndipo ndi muyeso ntchito akatswiri monga Canon mbo-1d X Mark II (madola 5999,00). Pentax K-70 - mmodzi mwa anthu ochepa zitsanzo kulowa-mlingo ndi viewfinder wa mtundu uwu, lomwe lili ndi zana pa zana Kuphunzira. Kamera angakwanitse ali encapsulation zonse ntchito mu masiku mvula kapena chipale chofewa.

Tiyeneranso kulabadira kuwonjezeka mu kuchuluka kwa chimango ndi chivundikiro, monga kupereka lingaliro la kukula chenicheni cha chithunzi ndipo ikusonyeza mmene chithunzi analanda Tingaone. Nthawi zonse ndi bwino kuyang'ana kwa chiwerengero pazipita.

Njira ina: EVF

A ochepa makamera SLR pa msika amapereka lachitatu njira viewfinder - amagetsi. Sony DSLR-kamera ndi kalirole atathana semitransparent, monga Alpha 77 II, nthawi zina amatchedwanso SLT. M'malo womwe ukulozera kuwala mu maso ake, akuganizira za kachipangizo galimoto kwambiri. Ngati wosuta sipakhala kwa viewfinder kuwala, makamera izi ndi zothandiza. Ngakhale flagship zonse chimango Sony Alpha 99 amagwiritsa ntchito mtengo wa madola 1998 OLED EVF, eschewing ndi pentaprism galasi, zofala zina zonse chimango makamera SLR. Ngati njirayi ndi yabwino, mukhoza kufufuza ndi mirrorless kamera - nakonza chitsanzo ndi yomweyo kachipangizo kukula ndi cha DSLR ndi othandiza, koma popanda galasi kuti Zobwerezedwa fano wolowera kamera yanu mu nthawi yeniyeni.

yothandizira kuwombera

Poyerekeza ndi ochiritsira digito zamakono DSLR-kamera - komanso ndi mkulu liwiro. Nthawi pakati kukanikiza shutter batani ndi yolanda image, wotchedwa shutter kwanthawi ndi nthawi pakati akatemera zambiri vuto makamera yaying'ono. makamera SLR amakonda kuganizira mofulumira kwambiri, ndi shutter kwanthawi pa pafupifupi imperceptible. Wopitiriza kuwombera amayezedwa mafelemu pa mphindi. Tiyenera kamera kuti akhoza kuwombera 3 K / s, ngakhale masewera ojambula ndi naturalists adzafunika zida ndi kukalanda kudya 5 K / s.

autofocus liwiro

Kumene, dongosolo galimoto cholinga azisunga ndi mlingo chimango. Kuweta SLR makamera monga Nikon D3300 nthawi zambiri AF mfundo ochepa, limapangitsa kuti zikuyenda.

Pa makamera mkulu-mapeto Canon 7D Mark II ndi Nikon D500 AF mfundo kuphimba gawo lalikulu la chimango, kupanga iwo okondedwa a owerenga chinkhoswe mu zithunzi masewera osiyanasiyana ndi zinyama. Wopitiriza kuwombera AF ndi zimayenderana, kotero nkofunika kuyang'ana kamera kuti ali ntchito zokwanira magawo awiri awa.

Pamaso pa nsalu yotchinga ndi HD-kanema

kujambula Video tsopano muyezo Mbali makamera SLR. Tiyenera kuyang'ana kwa amene amasunga autofocus pa kujambula. Muyeneranso onani liwiro cholinga galimoto pamene kuwombera mu moyo view mode, monga Nthawi zambiri wochedwa. Canon apita patsogolo mu changu cha autofocus Powerenga kanema mu zitsanzo T6s ndi 70D, ndi Sony kamera cholinga mwamsanga pamene kujambula video, komanso pamene zithunzi. Ngati wosuta akukonza ntchito kanema zambiri, n'kofunika pamaso pa maikolofoni athandizira Jack - kunja udzayaka kuposa anamanga.

Chosololera Mandala

Ambiri latsopano owerenga digito SLR chithandizo Sapita kugula Optics zina, koma pali anthu amene amaona kuti n'kofunika kuwonjezera muyezo. Choyamba, kuwonjezera pa muyezo 18-55 mamilimita Chosololera mandala amusankha. Izo ntchito, monga ulamuliro, variable mawonekedwe, kuyambira pa 55 ndi mamilimita ndi kumalizitsa ndi 200 mm kapena 300 mamilimita kuti udzabala kuposa pafupifupi akatemera yaitali. Plan ndalama kwa Optics ayenera kupereka 200-300 madola US.

35mm mandala

mtundu wina wotchuka wa Optics ndi yachangu, ndi zachilendo ngodya yaikulu mandala. Pamaso pa magalasi mawonekedwe zatchuka, makamera filimu SLR nthawi zambiri kupatsidwa Optics 50 mm f / 2. Chifukwa cha kachipangizo aang'ono a ogula SLR lerolino, limafanana ndi 35 mamilimita f / 2.

Standard ngodya amapereka munda wa view, amene ali pafupifupi osiyana maso athu, ndi kulola kudya kabowo kuwombera zinthu otsika kuwala, komanso kupeza chinthu ndi blurring maziko. Malinga ndi mtengo DSLR-kamera ya magalasi awa zosiyanasiyana, koma chikuyembekezeka kuti adzakhala osiyanasiyana kuchokera 175 mpaka 350 madola US.

kunja kung'anima

Ngakhale kuti ogula SLR makamera zambiri ndi anamanga-kung'anima, ojambula ambiri amakonda zipangizo wamphamvu kwambiri kunja. Iwo zimatulutsa kuwala kwambiri, ndipo nthawi zambiri iwo ikhoza kusunthidwa kulola kuti chiwalitsiro cha chinthu ntchito kuwala. Zophukiranso kung'anima kuchokera kudenga kuwaunikira chipinda lonse chingapezeke mothandizidwa ndi chipangizo yapadera, koma kukoka-dongosolo DSLR-kamera. Malinga ndi zosowa mu mphamvu nawuza nthawi ndi kuthekera posamutsa kunja kung'anima kungakhale 150 kapena 500 madola US.

chishango kunja

Muziona kuti DSLR-kamera kumatha zofooka za nsalu yotchinga kakang'ono pa gulu kumbuyo kamera, amene salola zolondola moganizira pa kuwombera, kuyenderana zindikirani zazikulu ndi mithunzi, kusintha muyezo woyera ndi kulasa njira yaikulu.

stabilizer

Stabilizer DSLR-kamera - chipangizo kuti kungachepetse kayendedwe osafunika. Mwachitsanzo, triaxial DJI Ronin-M ndi kuyimitsidwa amagetsi kwa makamera masekeli mpaka makilogalamu 3.6. Imakhala ndi ufulu wonse wa wojambula zithunzi pamene ntchito pa akatemera kwa maola 6 - nthawi imeneyi, moyo batire pa mtengo umodzi batire. Ndi zokwanira kukonza kamera ndi katunduyo, ndipo anamanga-purosesa udzabala pa zoikamo ankafuna. Yolondola 0,02 ° kukwaniritsa akatswiri ambiri wovuta.

Komanso, kutali stabilizer ulamuliro kudzera Bluetooth ndi ofunsira iOS. Anathandiza DJI LightBridge gawo kuti transmits kanema pa mtunda wa 1.5 Km.

chikwama

China chowonjezera zofunika - thumba kwa DSLR-kamera. Sony LCS-BDF Mwachitsanzo, ndi yabwino ndi yaying'ono choncho nayo kamera, mawonekedwe mandala ndi Optics zina. Thumba matumba kutsogolo tinapangidwa zoyendera ndi kusunga atolankhani osiyanasiyana, Zosefera ndi zina zotero. N. Pali mthumba zina pa nsana ndi phewa lamba ndi akalowa zofewa zochotseka.