Madutsidwe monga khalidwe yaikulu ya magetsi ochititsa panopa

Movement wa magetsi mu ochititsa ndi amatipeza limodzi ndi zochita za ena m'chilengedwe amene amachepetsa gululi. Ku maganizo a atomiki ndi maselo Kapangidwe ka chiphunzitso mankhwala kumbuyo zodabwitsazi ndi kuti ma elekitironi mlandu pa gulu lawo adzawombana ndi maatomu a chomwe chuma kondakitala.

Monga zotsatira za maphunziro ambiri, chiwerengero cha mwansanga ngati wa ma elekitironi ndi mwachindunji ndi kuthekera zakuthupi makamaka kudutsa yokha magetsi inawadutsa ndi zomvetsa kochepa. Choncho, kulimbikira, lomwe lili ndi wochititsa zinthu kudutsa therethrough ndi magetsi analandira mu dzina la "Physics magetsi kulimbikira wochititsa lapansi."

Pewani ndi zogwirizana mwachindunji kuti voteji ndi inversely njila kuti panopa. Malinga ndi dongosolo lonse mayunitsi wa muyeso ndiwo amaimira kalata R ndi amayezedwa ohms.

Pa nthawi yomweyo, nthawi zambiri chilengedwe zipangizo zosiyanasiyana kukhala zofunika kwambiri si mmene mwachangu chimatsutsana wochititsa ndimeyi therethrough ya magetsi, koma momwe amatha kugwira panopa chomwecho. Mawu akuti osiyanitsidwa magetsi kukana ndi madutsidwe.

Specific madutsidwe magetsi ntchito mu sayansi, amadziwika mphamvu wonse wa thupi ndi wochititsa magetsi. Kumbali kachulukidwe, ndi madutsidwe yeniyeni ndi reciprocal wa resistivity. Iwo amaimira γ, ndi anayeza makhalidwe ofanana ndi m / ohm mamilimita × ^ 2 kapena Siemens / mita).

Malinga ndi lamulo lenileni la magetsi - lamulo Ohm a - kufunika madutsidwe limasonyeza ubale pakati pa kachulukidwe panopa amene amapezeka mu wochititsa makamaka, ndi mtengo n'zosangalatsa kumva za kuthengo magetsi amene amapezeka malo anapatsidwa. Komabe, mphatso imeneyi umakhala kwa sing'anga kwenikweni mu wosanjikiza nonuniform wa madutsidwe chomwecho kanthu monga tensor.

Zitsulo apamwamba madutsidwe khalidwe la siliva ndi mkuwa. Izi makamaka chifukwa peculiarities wa kapangidwe ka kophimba Krustalo, moti mosavuta kusuntha particles mlandu (ma elekitironi ndi ayoni).

Mwachibadwa, ndi zitsulo koyera kuonetsa madutsidwe kuposa aloyi, kotero makampani magetsi kufunafuna kugwiritsa ntchito pazipita koyera mkuwa ndi zosafunika ndi osapitirira 0,05%. Zodabwitsa ndizakuti, ndi madutsidwe zamkuwa ndi 58,5 Simmons / mamilimita ^ 2, apamwamba kuposa ambiri a zitsulo zina.

Kuwonjezera ochititsa zitsulo, makampani ndi moyo tsiku chimagwiritsidwa ntchito monga ochititsa wa nonmetals, ambiri amene ali mpweya. Kwa izo, mu makamaka maburashi apadera anapanga makina magetsi, ndi maelekitirodi ntchito projectors, neri Al.