Luso - yotani? Luso zaluso ndi mabuku. Czechs monga Albucasis ndi

Luso mmunda uliwonse - ndi luso, ndi njira yatsopano zochokera wakale, nthawi zina limodzi ndi kumatula miyambo zakale ndi miyambo. Luso - ndi mphatso yapadera, luso innovate ndi kupata lingaliro, ngati tikukamba za khalidwe la munthu.

Luso paluso

Pa luso luso - nthawizonse ndi zipolowe ndi kutsutsako, kusamvetsetsa, ngakhale kutsutsidwa. Komabe, popanda Osema, amisiri, olemba, innovators mulibe chikhalidwe otukuka.

Mwachitsanzo, Giotto di Bondone anali Albucasis chachikulu munthawi yake. Kuyambira kale anapangidwa kwa ziwerengero mu zojambula achipembedzo ndi frescoes analenjekeka mu mlengalenga. Koma Florence Giotto kaye mapazi awo mwamphamvu pansi. Iye anasintha lingaliro okhudza malo ndi ubwenzi pakati pa kupenta ndi wojambula, ndi pakati pa chithunzi ndi kuyang'ana pa iye. Kumene, luso si pomwepo anakomana ndi ayankhe ofunda, ngakhale Giotto di Bondone ndipo m'nthawi yake anazindikira mbuye kwambiri.

Innovators amene ankadwala kutsutsa

Albucasis zojambulajambula Mikelandzhelo Buonarotti kwa luso lake nkomwe mlandu wotsutsana ndi tchalitchi. Ndipotu, pofotokoza thupi la oyera osati amaliseche, koma ndi kumaliseche undisguised. makumi atatu, oyera "atavala" za akatswiri ena mwa akuluakulu. Izo zinali kokha mu 1994 zithunzi anabwerera maonekedwe pachiyambi. Zaka zambiri zadutsa chichitikireni.

Kuyambira podzudzula zaluso awo luso anavutika ziboliboli Jean-Baptiste Pigalle (Chenicheni), chithunzicho Teodor Zheriko (Achikondi nyengo) ndi ena ambiri.

Luso mu mabuku Russian

Ndi novator Latin ndipo anamasulira - "updater". Luso - ndi patsogolo a ndondomeko zolembalemba, watsopano ake, kutulukira zinthu zatsopano ndiponso achita mu mabuku.

Mu mabuku Russian, olemera nzeru zothetsera anali za m'ma chakhumi ndi chisanu ndi chinayi, izo 50-60s. Ndiye maluwa utolankhani ndi kutsutsa zolembalemba. M'zaka za m'ma XIX mabuku Russian anakhala mafasho mu dziko. Iye momveka bwino zafotokozedwa kunja. XIX m'ma - m'ma la mapangidwe chinenero mabuku Russia, ndiponso m'njira zambiri, izi zinathandiza kuti Pushkin dzina lake Aleksandr Sergeevich. Alakatuli wa Golden Age (otchedwa mu mabuku a m'zaka za m'ma XIX) anayamba kupendanso zilandiridwenso. Ndakatulo, khalidwe latsopano, kotero pofuna kusokoneza maganizo a anthu zolinga wamba, kuti kusintha dziko.

Prose munalibe chilili. Gogol ndi Pushkin anali adayambitsa mitundu yatsopano luso. Izi "pang'ono munthu" Gogol, ndi "superfluous munthu" Pushkin, ndi ena.

M'ma chakhumi ndi chisanu ndi chinayi zinatha maganizo chisanadze chosintha. Kutha kwa Ages akutsegula mayina atsopano - Leskov Gorky, Ostrovsky ndi Chekhov.

Luso Chehova Antona Pavlovicha monga Wolemba wina ndi

Anton Pavlovich kusinthidwa sewero. Iye anali kutsutsana ndi theatricality ndi affectation. Mu masewero ake, anthu ndi zimasonyeza iwo ali. Adapereka zotsatira zisudzo akale.

Mwachitsanzo, kusewera "The Cherry zipatso" anali zachilendo kwa bwalo lamasewera. Izo sizinali sewero ndi chikondi sewero lanthabwala. Mu sewerolo panalibe akatemera, intrigue ena ndi kutha kwambiri. Ganizo lonse unachitikira pa maganizo onse analengedwa ndi akaphatikiza zochitika zonse. Chekhov sanapereke aliyense complicating zinthu play, sanalenge mbali yaikulu - munthu yemwe akanati anawomba nsalu mozungulira mkangano. Chekhov amapereka amaonetsa ndi owerenga kumvetsa kuwerenga maganizo a m'nkhaniyi. Lyricism, kuphweka, kupuma mfundo, ndi mafotokozedwe a malo - zonse zimathandiza kulimbitsa ndi kuzindikira maganizo.

Stanislavski ananena kuti Chekhov zikuchitika pabwalopo ali chowonadi mkati ndi kunja. Chekhov anayambitsanso mu masewero kutineneza wake, kutineneza ndi dialogues yosavuta - monga moyo.

Zinali zachilendo pakuti zochitika Russian ndi mabuku.