Lokambirana: phraseologism mtengo, chiyambi, ntchito

Olemera ndi osiyanasiyana dziko lonse "phraseology" kapena "chionetsero" ndi anapezazo kwambiri ndi mbiri yake ndi yonena. Izi imakhudzanso akuti "zovuta kwambiri." Kutanthauza phraseologism monga mwangwiro zomveka, koma chiyambi cha choncho zachinsinsi.

mtengo

Zofunika kwambiri kusiyana phraseologism ndi mawu fanizo loyamba. Ngati mawu zitha adzatchedwa chinthu, mwambo kapena kanthu, wolingalira akuti angapereke aliyense wa iwo ena maganizo. Inu mukhoza kunena monga "ntchito molimbika mwakhama," ndi zina izi sikokwanira. Ndipo inu mukhoza kunena "ntchito molimbika." Kutanthauza phraseologism akwanitse mwakhama mayendedwe wodzilemekeza chiŵerengero wokamba, ziyenera ake abwino kwa ndondomekoyi.

Ngati inu kufufuzanso, ndiye adverb "zovuta", "Samalani" mokwanira kusonyeza mlingo wa kukwaniritsidwa kwa nkhani zosiyanasiyana. Pali angadziwire kwambiri tanthauzo la "osati wotseka", "mosalekeza", "osatekeseka." Mu nkhani iyi, okuluwika zikumveka bwino kwambiri ndipo akusonyeza.

magwero

chinenero chathu, monga ulamuliro, kunyezimiritsa zosiyanasiyana za zochitika za moyo wa anthu, amalenga mawu atsopano kapena mtundu, consign kuti anaiwalika ena kuleza alipo. Ndipo iwo akukhala achikale. Nthawizina ife, popanda kuzindikira, kuwagwiritsa ntchito, makamaka zikuchokera phraseology.

Poyamba ndinali otchuka lero kugwiritsa ntchito mawu akuti "pokladat" ndi tanthauzo mofanana zamakono "kuvala", "kuika". Mwachibadwa unakhazikitsidwa pa izo gerund chomveka mu pakali pano tinthu zoipa "ayi". Choncho panali khalidwe anthu, okhoza kugwira ntchito kuti manja ake nthawi zonse zoona, iye sachita awaponya ngakhale pa mawondo ake akupumula, mwachitsanzo kodi sadzayigwira ndikuyitulutsa. Pano pali kanthu za tsiku ndi tsiku ndipo analenga okuluwika "zovuta kwambiri."

Kudya mabuku

Khola akuti Mbali chidwi. Iwo amatha organically atengere masitaelo onse a chinenero Choncho, n'koyenera ntchito zopeka, utolankhani kapena Mitundu journalistic, komanso moyo wa tsiku ndi tsiku.

Mawu akuti "zovuta" si zachilendo ku zapamwamba Russian. Leo Tolstoy Mwachitsanzo, mmodzi wa ngwazi wake yodziwika motere: nkuti, iye akhacita popanda kugona ndi opanda chakudya, molimba, ngati khalidwe Ivana Bunina, amene ankagwira ntchito ndi ntchito mpaka "adawona chidachitikacho kale kwambiri. "

IE Repin ananena zidindo wake wa Vienna 'Letters za luso' amaonetsa chidwi ndemanga. Iye amanena kuti ndi woyenera ulemu kwa munthu amene bwino anaphunzira luso lake, ntchito pa iwo ndi bwino imakongoletsa zonse zovuta.

Mu "kukakumana ndi Nefertiti" Vladimir Tendriakov limatiuza za mphunzitsi Savve Iliche. ngwazi wake "chifukwa moyo ndinaganiza kuti kwambiri za luso - kumatanthauza kugwira ntchito zolimba."

Ntchito atolankhani

Ngakhale ambiri akuti mu zosiyanasiyana TV. Popanda pafupifupi sachita Nkhani aliyense za zipambano ntchito ndi mbiri. Kupereka mafunso kampani yake, mtsogoleri wamng'ono monyadira analengeza khama lawo antchito. Iye adzakuuzani kuti wolembedwa ntchito aliyense ali okonzeka kuyesetsa. Okuluwika wangwiro m'malo mawu mwachizolowezi: molimba, osatopa kulira etc.

Buku Mihaila Sholohova chimodzimodzi kukopedwa alimbikitsa anthu Soviet mamiliyoni amene agwira ntchito ndipo akugwira ntchito mwakhama kuti athandize kwawo.

Mu 1960, iye analemba za ntchito yake cosmonaut, dokotala woyamba amene anapita njira yake, Boris Yegorov. Ndikuyankhula zomwe iye anali kuthandiza potsimikiza kulondola kwa zatsopano zimene ali m'dziko lapansi, kulenga danga osiyana zikhalidwe anthu, linanena kuti ntchito mwakhama.

kudya colloquially

Njira yosavuta demokalase ntchito mawu amenewa m'chinenero tsiku ndi tsiku, zomwe "zimathandiza" palokha ena stylistic ndi limaonetseratu ufulu. Choncho, nthawi zina amagwiritsidwa ntchito ndi "manja pokladayuchi" kapena kawirikawiri - "si omvetsa chisoni mphamvu" pamene lofanana ndi.

Mawu dongosolo Mwina mulinso mitundu yosiyanasiyana maganizo. Mwachitsanzo, winawake akhoza kunena, "ntchito ndi thukuta la munthu", munthu wina mmalo mwa "ntchito mwakhama", ngati inu chonde mutero "mpaka inu buluu." Ndipo mwa kulankhula za ntchito zimapeputsa interlocutor anganene kuti chifukwa amakonda ntchito yake kuti ali wokonzeka kuthana nazo mwakhama. Kapena Munthu akanena chisoni chifukwa anansi amene ali ndi ngongole, ndipo tsopano amalimbana ndi mphamvu zake zotsiriza kuwapatsa. Ndipo, ndithudi, ntchito mwakhama kwambiri.

Mau ofanana, Zining'a

Khola lumikiza mwina zofanana kapena pafupi kwambiri mtengo. Ndiye tikhoza kulankhula za ubwenzi n'chimodzimodzi. Choncho, mawu akuti "kugwira ntchito mwakhama" ndi mofanana zotheka m'malo kuphatikiza mosamala "ntchito mwakhama", "apo thukuta a."

Mukhoza falitsani mmwamba manja awo kuti agwire ntchito. Koma mawu monga yafupika "mwamphamvu" amanena, mwachitsanzo ntchito anthu ngati mwakhama ndi mosamala, koma osati ndi kudzipereka kotheratu. Zodabwitsa ndizakuti, mawu akuti "m'thukuta la nkhope" nazonso, ndi yosiyaniranapo maganizo ochekenera. Zinaoneka kumaphatikizapo mumapezera sadzachitanso.

Okuluwika ofanana matanthauzo osiyanasiyana Chrixitu pa mitundu stylistic. Ngati akuti "ntchito mwakhama" mtengo kwambiri kapena zochepa ndale, ngati kunena "analima ngati kavalo", izo kale aukali analankhula mthunzi.

N'chimodzimodzi mawu ndi mawu

Kuchuluka ndipo zosiyanasiyana chimodzimodzi kapena ofanana tanthauzo mayunitsi lexical kupereka Chirasha lalikulu mwayi limaonetseratu. Mtengo womwewo ukhoza kufotokoza mmene Zining'a ndi mawu, ndi munthu mayunitsi lexical.

wosavuta mawu kusonyeza "mwakhama" mawu amodzi: Mukhoza kupanga chiwerengero cha mawu n'chimodzimodzi ndi tanthauzo lofanana. Zimenezi ndi zabwino, wopembedza, khama, wofunitsitsa, khama, molimba, amphamvu, wosatopa, osatekeseka, yosayima, mowirikiza. Komabe, aliyense wa iwo m'njira zosiyanasiyana stylistically wachikuda, koma ntchito inayake lexical unit amadalira zinthu zenizeni.

More descriptively zinthu n'chimodzimodzi mawu. N'zotheka ntchito mwakhama, yosalekerera (yosalekerera) magulu sanalekerere (yosalekerera) yokha, ndi changu chachikulu, kufunika kochita khama pazipita, kuyambira m'mawa mpaka madzulo. ntchito zawo kulankhula anaona zopindulitsa zambiri, popeza akatidzadza ndi mithunzi latsopano.

zotsutsana akuti

Mwachibadwa mawu ndi ziganizo ndi mtengo inayo idzakhala kutchulidwa slacker, aulesi munthu, amene sangathe kugwira ntchito mwakhama. Phraseologism khalidwe mtengo adzatenge khama. N'chinthu chanzeru kungotchulapo khola mawu, monga mawu amenewa, otsutsana zokwanira.

Nthawi zambiri ntchito Zining'a ndi kutentha osiyana maganizo. Mwachindunji popenyana ndi mawu akuti "kukhala pomwepo". Pa mlingo wa ulesi ndikuuzeni Zining'a "lochedwa", "waulesi ke." Ndipo ubwino wa ntchito amadziwika ndi okuluwika "ntchito m'njira slipshod." Yaima penapake popanda mawu akuti "nkhungubwi ankaona" Anthu ena akatswiri a zinenero amagwiritsidwa amatchedwa loyang'ana mawu akuti "kugwira ntchito molimbika." Malinga ndi maganizo ena a maganizo ochekenera yemweyo ali osiyana kwambiri, ndipo ife sindikuyankhula za mlingo wa ntchito yovuta, koma khalidwe kuonelela ulesi.

mfundo zosangalatsa

History ndi Tsatani wa zosayembekezereka ya phraseology zikusonyeza kuti iwo akhoza kupangidwa mu zosiyanasiyana m'moyo, ndiyeno adzatsekeredwa anakonza chinenero. Pali chitsanzo cha mawu, zomwe inamangidwa pa kapangidwe ka mawu okuluwika ndi "zovuta kwambiri." Phraseologism mtengo, sipangakhalenso ankaona ngati anyamata, ndi mthunzi kunyozedwa, nthabwala. "Ayi mbuyo manja" nenani amene sakonda kugwira ntchito.

Mwa njira, pali mfundo ina choyambirira maganizo pa mawu amenewa. Amaganiza kuti akhoza kugwiritsidwa ntchito pankhani ntchito maganizo, kuganizira mavuto ena kapena vuto, kufunafuna njira. Ndiye, chifukwa dzanja si "prikladayutsya", ngakhale kuti njira ndi.

Chidwi ndi morphological yomanga akuti "zovuta kwambiri." Mu phraseologisms wapakamwa participle mawonekedwe ntchito nthawi zambiri, monga mu nkhani iyi. Izi zikutsimikiziridwa ndi ena ofanana ndi otsutsana ankaona mawu.