Kumpoto Uvaly: mpumulo. Kodi kumpoto Uvaly?

Pa dziko pali malo ambiri amene amatipatsa mantha lachinsinsi, ndi asayansi - kufuna kudziwa, kuphunzira ndi kuchita poyamba samveka chinthu wamba, kuwapatsa iwo dzina lina sayansi. Kotero, anthu adakali kufunafuna Shambhala kuvumbula zinsinsi zake kwa anthu, kapena kukangana za kuli Hyperborea.

Kumpoto Uvaly - mmodzi wa zinthu izi. Pa dzanja limodzi, iwo afufuza, kuyeza ndi opezeka pa khadi, ndi pa zina - si bwino chifukwa chake iwo akhala mitsinje lalikulu la okulira pa.

mafotokozedwe malo osiyanasiyana

Inali ku mbali ya kumpoto East European Plain mapiri 600 Km. Ichi ndi kumpoto Uvaly, kutalika pazipita imene imafikira 294 mamita Cholinga cha m'dera limeneli -. Mu mabeseni ndi okulira wa Volga ndi kumpoto Dvina.

Asayansi aona kuti ndizo zotsatira za glacial ndi glaciofluvial madipoziti, amene ali kuoneka bwino m'madera zapamwamba maziko olimba.

Dzina "Uval" anapatsidwa chifukwa, monga izo zinali mu masiku akale izo zimatanthauza zitunda akakhala ndi otsetsereka waulemu ndi ochulukitsa, chifukwa cha zitunda angapo. Kumpoto Uvaly zomwe zili chochokera kum'mwera kumadzulo kwa kumpoto kum'mawa, kutenga kunayambira ku Unzha Mtsinje ndi ku mapiri a Ural.

Mapiri anagubuduza alternating ndi zigwa kudula mwa mitsinje, madambo. Nyengo mu zitunda kumpoto angatchedwe aakulu chifukwa yozizira kwambiri ndi yotenthera ozizira.

Pouma ndi zomwe zili m'madera kukula nkhalango coniferous, Aspen interspersed.

Malo mitsinje kwambiri

Kumpoto Uvaly analanda kumpoto-kumadzulo mbali ya dera Perm, ndipo anasonyeza mpumulo awo ndi pang'ono akakhala ndi kutalika kwa palibe mamita oposa 270 pamwamba pa nyanja. Koma ambiri a iwo imagwera pa m'mphepete mwa Vologda ndi Kirov, pamene mtunda zikusintha.

Monga okulira cha mitsinje Volga ndi kumpoto Dvina, Uvaly komanso chinali chiyambi cha mitsinje zambiri Russian monga Kama, Kostroma, Viatka, Sheksna, Unzha, Sukhona, Vetluga, South Molom, Sysola, Sharzhenka ndipo ambiri makhwawa awo.

Mwachitsanzo, gwero Vetluga akuyamba ndi zitunda kumpoto napereka njira ya 884 kuchokera kufika Kirov, Kostroma, Nizhny Novgorod chigawo, ndi pa malire a Mari El mu Volga kumatsika.

Njira Unzha mtsinje komanso akuyamba ndi zitunda kumpoto kumatenga 430 Km kwa confluence wa Volga mu mawonekedwe a tributary zake zonse-madzi ndi lalikulu kumanzere. Amatunga, kutenga chiyambi chake apa, anachita mbali yofunika kwambiri mu mpumulo wa zitunda, koma chifukwa chachikulu dongosolo lodabwitsa ndi malangizo - ndiko anachokera.

Mpumulo wa zitunda Kumpoto

The zikuchokera pa phiri Mzimuyo maonekedwe ake m'njira zambiri. Kumpoto Uvaly, mpumulo kwa gawo lalikulu ali yosalala akalumikidzidwa undulating ndi lopangidwa ndi miyala unconsolidated Mesozoic, amene nawonso, zochokera madipoziti akulu Permian.

Zinapangidwa chifukwa cha kayendedwe tectonic wa dera kutumphuka mu Moscow syncline (mumbali ufa mkati nsanja yomweyo).

Kumpoto Uvaly ndi maziko olimba, anakafika mozama pa 2000-3000 m, pamene pamwamba makamaka anasonyeza zigawo dongo-marl permi Triassic nthawi. M'madera a okulira kudutsa m'dambo mchenga-dongo wa Jurassic ndi wotsika nthawi Cretaceous.

Zitunda m'dera Vologda

Chifukwa cha phiri zitunda kumpoto Vologda dera wolemera mu matupi amenewa madzi:

• Sukhona - waukulu mtsinje m'mphepete, amene amagwa Vologda ndi Dvinitsa Mtsinje.
• The kum'mwera ndi kuchuluka kwa Luzi.
• Mologa, Sheksna ndi Unzha.

Kumpoto Uvaly pano anasonyeza zigwa akakhala ndi zilizonse. Misanje chogwidwa ndi nkhalango, amene ali kunyumba kwa amphaka, mphalapala, marten, yoongoka, wolverines ndi nkhandwe. Pali bowa wodzaza ndi zipatso, ndi mitsinje ndi wa nsomba.

M'chipululu cha zitunda kumpoto ndi zithaphwi ambiri anthu mbalame, amene ali weniweni kiranberi m'minda. Makamaka Tayang'anani ataliatali pamwamba mtsinje Uvaly yokutidwa ndi chisanu papezeka spruces wobiriwira ndi ya mkungudza.

Tinkakonda m'dera anthu ena onse mitundu ya nsomba ndi nyama, phindu la chikhalidwe wowolowa manja a dera ili timatha nthawi iliyonse pachaka. M'chaka nyengo mu cranberries m'dera dambo kubwera mafani ndipo mu nkhalango - pickers bowa.

Zitunda m'dera Kirov

Kumvetsa kumene kumpoto Uvaly, muyenera kudziwa mmene imakonzedwa. Wapadera chakuti lonse Russian Plain ali lathu meridional, pamene iwo inversion morphostructure ndi malangizo sublatitudinal. Zimenezi zikusonyeza kuti phiri ndi chigwa anapanga nthawi chosiyana ya kayendedwe ka mafunde tectonic. Lero lino kumaonekera zotsutsana ndi mapeto awo.

Choncho, Northern Uvaly kudula kudzera m'dera kumveka pamtunda, ndipo sindimapita ku izo mu kufanana. Mwachitsanzo, Kirovske m'mphepete "tinatengera" chimathandiza awo a kum'mwera wasonyeza mapiri ndi zitunda ndi wofatsa otsetsereka ndi mosabisa, anamaliza mfundo.

Onse okwera a zitunda ndi litadzala ndi mitsinje, ndi Kum'mwera adjoins slabovskholmlennaya, porytaya m'madambo kumveka. Ku mapiri pali zambiri boulders lalikulu, ndipo ambiri a m'mapiri ndiponso m'zigwa za mitsinje okutidwa ndi timapepala wandiweyani nkhalango. Waukulu mtsinje Vyatka Kirov dera ali kunayambira ku zitunda kumpoto.

zitunda Nature Kumpoto

Aliyense amene wakhala mu zitunda Northern, sadzaiwala kukongola wowuma mtima, ndi June woyera usiku, ndi chikasu choyamba masamba mu August.

Iwo alinso wabwino yozizira, ngakhale aakulu - kutentha pafupipafupi akutsikira madigiri -40, ndipo chisanu angafikire masentimita 170 The kukopa chachikulu cha m'dera lino ndi malo ake ambiri, aliyense wokongola yake ..

Mwachitsanzo, mtsinje kum'mwera, utali umene uli 491 Km, osati ali gombe kwabasi ndi magombe wabwino ndi malo oimika magalimoto, komanso amachita asodzi wochuluka nsomba. Pano mukhoza kukakwera Pike ndi burbot, ide ndi chub, Grayling ndi chub, nsomba ndi minnows.

Koma chidwi chachikulu cha m'mbali awa - nkhalango, yomwe zatenga 70% ya m'deralo. Iwo amakula makamaka paini, spruce, Oil ndi larch, Aspen zimapezeka, linden ndi birch, mapulo, Elm ndi chitumbuwa. Pakuti pickers bowa pano paradaiso weniweni. Iwo akuyembekezera ndi boletus bowa, Aspen ndi bowa, bowa ndi volnushki paini nkhalango, chanterelles ndi russula, bowa ndi morels. bogs kiranberi pa kuchuluka, makamaka m'dera la wotsika Kemi.

Ngakhale ambiri amakhulupirira kuti kumpoto Uvaly ndi okulira ndi kokha Ndipotu si. Ndi wolemera dera, anakafika kwa 600 Km m'chigwa Russian.

Kumpoto Uvaly ndi Hyperborea

Masiku ano, asayansi ambiri akufunafuna dziko lachinsinsi la Hyperborea, ikulongosola kwenikweni lopatsidwa mwa Herodotus. Kuchokera pa zizindikiro zake Hrs, monga malangizo a mfundo kadinala, nyenyezi, kulongosola zakunja ena hypothesize kuti dzikolo linakhala zopyola zitunda kumpoto, kumene monga momwe zinanenedwa mu kufotokoza, komanso ali ndi okulira, ndi chiyambi cha waukulu mitsinje.

Choncho kaya zidzaoneka, koma mfundo mokomera chiphunzitso chimenechi kwambiri.