Kulankhulana kwadzidzidzi mu kuchitapo - ikulongosola, mbali ndi mfundo zosangalatsa

Kwadzidzidzi sayansi amapereka njira zatsopano kuteteza zambiri. Nchifukwa Chiyani Kumafunikira, koma tsopano sikutheka kumanga malo kulankhulana njira? Kumene, mungathe. Koma makompyuta kwadzidzidzi analengedwa ndi nthawi pamene iwo kukhala ubiquitous masiku ano ma aligorivimu kubisa amakhala opanda, monga makompyuta zamphamvu akhoza osokoneza iwo mu kugawanika chachiwiri. aya kwadzidzidzi limakupatsani chitetezo mudziwe ntchito photons - particles ofunika.

kompyuta awa, kupeza njira kwadzidzidzi, njira imodzi kapena wina kusintha boma lino la fotoni lapansi. Ndipo pofuna kudziwa chifukwa kuwononga. Liwiro kutengerapo deta ndi, ndithudi, n'chozama poyerekeza ndi njila zina panopa alipo, monga foni. Koma kulankhulana kwadzidzidzi lili ndi mlingo wapamwamba wa chitetezo. Izi, kumene, kuphatikiza waukulu kwambiri. Makamaka masiku ano, pomwe Cyber upandu zikuchulukirachulukira tsiku ndi tsiku.

kulankhulana kwadzidzidzi kuti "dummies"

Pamene njiwa ndi chaposedwa ndi wanthambo, nawonso, m'malo wailesi wanthambo. Kumene, ndi lero, sanapite kulikonse, koma panali umisiri zina zamakono. Chabe khumi zapitazo, Internet sanali ambiri monga iwo ali lero, ndipo alibe izo zikhoza kutenga kovuta - anayenera kupita ku makalabu internet, kugula makadi mtengo kwambiri, etc. Today, ife sitikhala ora limodzi, ndipo akuyembekezera ufulu Internet .. 5G.

Koma pamene latsopano kulankhulana muyezo sikungathetse mavuto tsopano akukumana gulu la kuwombola deta ntchito Intaneti, kulandira deta ku makina a m'midzi pa maplaneti ena, ndi zina zotero .. Zonsezi ayenera kutetezedwa. Ndipo bungwe ilo, mungathe kugwiritsa ntchito otchedwa kwadzidzidzi kukodwa.

Kodi kulankhulana kwadzidzidzi? Pakuti "Dummies" akufotokoza zodabwitsazi monga kugwirizana makhalidwe osiyana kwadzidzidzi. Iwo amalimbikira ngakhale pamene particles ali anapatukana ndi mtunda lalikulu. Encrypted ndi opatsirana ntchito kwadzidzidzi kukodwa kiyi, sasamalira aliyense wapatali hackers mudziwe omwe amayesetsa kukakumana izo. Onse kutenga - ndi manambala ena monga dongosolo boma kuti alowererepo kunja, izo tidzasandulika.

Koma kulenga dziko analephera dongosolo deta HIV, monga makumi ochepa makilomita, mbendera chinazilala. Ilili inayamba mu 2016, kudzakuthandizani kugwiritsa chiwembu cha kwadzidzidzi kiyi mtunda HIV kuposa 7 zikwi. Km.

Zoyesayesa woyamba bwino ntchito kugwirizana latsopano

The protocol loyamba kwadzidzidzi cryptography analandiridwa mu 1984 Today, njira imeneyi yakhala ikugwiritsidwa ntchito bwinobwino gawo la kubanki. makampani odziwika anayamba kupereka cryptosystem awo.

Kwadzidzidzi kulankhulana kugwirizana ikuchitika padziko muyezo chingwe CHIKWANGWANI chamawonedwe. Mu Russian poyamba njira otetezeka izo sandwiched pakati zipinda "Gazpromabanka" ku New Cheryomushki ndi Cow kutsinde. The okwana kutalika ndi 30,6 Km, zolakwa kufala zimachitika kiyi, koma anthu awo ali kochepa - 5%.

China linakhazikitsa aya Kanema kwadzidzidzi

Yoyamba Kanema amenewa unayambitsidwa mu China. Roketi Long March-2D anapezerapo pa August 16 2016, ndi cosmodrome Tszyu-Quan. 600 makilogalamu Kanema adzakhala zaka 2 ntchentche kwa kanjira dzuwa synchronous, kutalika 310 miles (kapena 500 km) pansi pa "zatsopano kwadzidzidzi pamlingo dziko." Makope nthawi ya zida za padziko Lapansi ndi wofanana ndi ola limodzi ndi theka.

Satellite kwadzidzidzi kulankhulana otchedwa Micius, kapena "Mo-Zi", mu ulemu wa nzeru zapamwamba, amene ankakhala mu V m'ma AD ndipo mmene anthu ambiri amakhulupirira, woyamba ikuchitika zatsopano kuwala. Asayansi kupita kuphunzira njira ya kwadzidzidzi kukodwa ndi kugwira kwadzidzidzi teleportation pakati pa Kanema ndi zasayansi ku Tibet.

Yotsirizira transmits boma kwadzidzidzi Nyerere ndi mtunda anakonzeratu. Pakuti kuzindikira ndondomeko amafunika awiri akumukonda (mwa kulankhula kwina, yogwirizana) particles kuti ali chapatali Chrixitu. Malinga kwadzidzidzi sayansi, amatha kugwila zokhudza udindo wa okondedwa, ngakhale pamene muli kutali Chrixitu. N'zotheka zimakhudza tinthu, limene lili mu malo akuya, ntchito pa mwamuna wake, amene ali wotsatira zasayansi.

Ilili adzalenga photons awiri akumukonda ndi kuwatumiza ku Earth. Ngati zimenezo zili bwino, chidzakhala chiyambi cha nyengo yatsopano. Ambiri makina amenewa adzakhoza osati kupereka ubiquitous kwadzidzidzi Internet, komanso kwadzidzidzi aya mu malo midzi m'tsogolo Mars ndi pa mwezi.

N'chifukwa chiyani tiyenera mabwenzi

Koma n'chifukwa chiyani tiyenera kachipangizo kwadzidzidzi kulankhulana? Kodi alipo makina ochiritsira sikokwanira? chakuti makina sadzakhala m'malo chizolowezi. Mfundo kulankhulana kwadzidzidzi ndi encode ndi kuteteza alipo deta ochiritsira njira. Mothandizidwa ndi mzimuwo Mwachitsanzo, kale amapereka chitetezo pa chisankho aphungu mu 2007 ku Switzerland.

Non-phindu kafukufuku bungwe Battelle Chikumbutso Institute, akuchita nzeru zambiri pakati pa ofesi ku US (Ohio) ndi mu Ireland (Dublin) ntchito kwadzidzidzi kukodwa. mfundo zake zachokera khalidwe la photons - particles chachikulu kuwala. Ndi thandizo lawo, mfundo ndiyotengera natuma kopita. Theoretically, ngakhale kuyesa zolondola kwambiri kulowerera, kusiya chizindikiro. Kwadzidzidzi kusintha kiyi amatenga pomwepo, ndi owononga wayesetsa kulandira kopanda akonzedwa khalidwe. Choncho, deta yonse opatsirana kudzera mu njira zolankhulirana, sikutheka kukakumana kapena kukopera.

Ilili kudzakuthandizani asayansi kuyesa kameredwe kwakukulu pakati siteshoni nthaka ndi ilili yokha.

kulankhulana kwadzidzidzi ku China kudzachitika kudzera zingwe CHIKWANGWANI chamawonedwe, ndi utali wonse wa 2 zikwi. Km ndi kaphatikizidwe mizinda 4 ku Shanghai ndi Beijing. Series photons kalekale sangathe anasamutsidwa, ndi Kwakukulu mtunda pakati pa malo, ndi apamwamba mwayi kuti zojambulidwazo kuonongeka.

Atapita mtunda wautali, izo attenuates mbendera, ndi asayansi, kuti asunge kufala zolondola deta, kupeza njira chizindikiro pomwe iliyonse makilomita 100. Mu zingwe za zimatheka pogwiritsa ntchito zigawo kutsimikiziridwa, yomwe ikufotokoza yaikulu liwonerere kwa photons watsopano ndi ofunika kuti tiziwakonda.

A mbiri pang'ono

Mu 1984, Jean Brassard a University Montreal ndi Charles Bennett a IBM adafotokoza kuti photons angagwiritsidwe ntchito cryptography kwa njira otetezeka ofunika. Iwo akufuna chiwembu yosavuta kusokonekera kwa makiyi kwadzidzidzi cryptographic, dzina lake BB84.

chiwembu amagwiritsa ntchito njira kwadzidzidzi zimene zambiri imafalikira pakati owerenga awiri mu mawonekedwe a limati magetsi kwadzidzidzi. Anamva owononga awo akhoza kuyesera kuyeza photons, koma iye sangakhoze kuchita izo, monga tanenera, ndi kusakhala nawo kupotozedwa. Mu 1989, Center Research a IBM Brassard ndi Bennett analenga dziko kugwira ntchito kwadzidzidzi dongosolo cryptographic.

Kodi mu kuwala kwadzidzidzi dongosolo cryptographic (Cox)

Kuweta tehharakteristiki coke (zolakwa mlingo, mlingo deta, etc.) anafotokozedwa ndi magawo njira kupanga zinthu zomwe kupanga ziganizo ndi anayeza limati kwadzidzidzi. Childs coke tichipeza kulandira ndi kufalitsa mbali yomwe ogwirizana kufala njira.

Magwero cheza ndi magulu 3:

• lasers;
• microlasers;
• kuwala emitting diodes.

Pakuti chizindikiro kuwala kufala sing'anga ntchito monga LEDs CHIKWANGWANI chamawonedwe, amaphatikiza zingwe za kamangidwe osiyana.

Nature mobisa kwadzidzidzi kulankhulana

Kudutsa kuchokera chizindikiro chimene mudziwe opatsirana ndi ndiyotengera nyemba ndi zikwi photons kuti zizindikiro zimene zimachitika munthu, pafupifupi yosakwana malamulo umodzi kwadzidzidzi kogwira. Ndi ntchito malamulo awa ku cryptography chakale amalola kuti akafike zachinsinsi.

Kukayikakayika Mfundo Heisenberg ntchito zipangizo kwadzidzidzi-cryptographic ndipo chifukwa cha anayeserapo iliyonse kusintha mu dongosolo kwadzidzidzi kusintha kwa izo, ndi mapangidwe chifukwa ngati muyeso, ndi mbali kulandira anatsimikiza ngati onyenga.

Kodi kwadzidzidzi cryptography 100% chitsimikizo ndi kuba m'nyumba?

Chiphunzitso likupereka, koma njira luso si yodalirika kwathunthu. Hackers ayamba kugwiritsa ntchito laser mtengo umene iwo adzaonetsa zoyesera kwadzidzidzi, kenako n'kusiya amalabadira kwadzidzidzi katundu wa photons. Nthawi zina ntchito magwero Mipikisano fotoni, ndi nkhondo mukhoza kupeza mwayi pochitika mmodzi wa iwo ndi kuyeza zofanana.