Kukuwotcha galasi amapangidwa m'mayiko ambiri

Galasi - dzina la gulu la mchere, ndiwo mankhwala zitsulo ku gulu la malata, faifi tambala, chitsulo, cobalt, pulatinamu. The mankhwala kungakhale sulfure ndi Arsenic, ndi antimony-selenium kapena.

Calcination galasi zikusonyeza kuti feedstock ndi kuwala mtundu, luster zachitsulo, kuuma kwa zipangizo 3 mpaka 7 ya chitsulo kapena chitsulo galasi (FeS2 chilinganizo), amatchedwanso galasi, ndi lofunika mafakitale yaiwisi imene woipa sulfure (maselo kupanga). Maonekedwe, mchere ndi misa ndi timibulu ka mawonekedwe olondola a chikasu imvi mu mtundu ndi kuuma kwa 6-6.5. Zikuchokera koyera galasi limapangidwa za 47 peresenti chitsulo ndi za 53 peresenti sulfure.

Calcination pyrites limodzi ndi ndime zingapo za mmene zinthu zosiyanasiyana zimachitikira, yoyamba amapereka yowonjezera sulfide mchere chitsulo ndi sulfure m'chigawo nthunzi (kutentha pafupifupi 500 C). Ndiye nthunzi sulfure ndi combusted, kupereka woipa sulfure, ndi chitsulo okusayidi kapena sulfide amapereka wosanganiza okusayidi. M'menemo sulphide Watenthedwa incompletely, chimene chinapanga "kandulo," Mwina monga fayalite ndi ena zinthu, malingana ndi zosafunika za feedstock lapansi.

Calcination pyrites akhoza kutulutsa mu gawo mpweya wina kuchuluka kwa SO3, admixed ndi SO2. mankhwala amachita pa njira zida dzimbiri, choncho kuchepetsa SO3 mpweya kutentha pa kubwereketsa ya zida ng'anjo akhale za 850S, ndiyeno mwamsanga kusiya kwa 400C.

Kukuwotcha galasi ndi kuchita m'mayiko ambiri, monga item ili wamba. Mu Russia, mchere izi ncho m'dziko Soymenskoy, Kalitvinskom kumunda, za Kushva, zomera zamulungu mu Caucasus, mu Ryazan ndi Smolensk m'madera ndi malo ena. Kunja, makamaka wotchuka Spanish madipoziti (makamaka Aguas Tenidas kumene zinthu lilibe mkuwa, koma ali okhutira apamwamba sulfure) zina akubera mu chitukuko cha US, France, Norway, Sweden. pyrites sulfuric m'chilengedwe zambiri admixed mitundu Arsenic zinthu, amene amapereka wodetsedwa zoipa kupanga mu maselo. Choncho, opanga kugwiritsa ntchito zipangizo koyera yaiwisi. Mwachitsanzo, Russian mafakitale ku St. Petersburg, ntchito mu pyrites Swedish.

Kukuwotcha wa pyrites zachitsulo (ndi sulfure) analengedwa mu ng'anjo, kumene zopangira akudyetsedwa mwa wononga kapena nozzle. Ndiponso, ndi wothira unyinji wa chuma olimba umene uli kale mu akaphatikiza (pa bedi fluidized pa kabati ndi umene mpweya umaperekedwa kwa m'munsimu), kenako zochita mankhwala zidzachitika, kupereka mpweya (kuchotsedwa) ndi nyali (anatsanulira mapaipi mwina wapadera). Komanso mu ng'anjo owonjezera kutentha anachotsa zinthu madzi kuzirala.

Calcination galasi tidzapambana ngati kukhudzana pamwamba ndi chakudya mpweya mokwanira mkulu. Choncho, mchere nthawi zambiri kukonzedwa mu boma pulverized (mu ng'anjo yoyenera), pamene tinthu kukula ndi ang'onoang'ono kwambiri motero kuti ndi mpweya mosavuta likulowerera mkati unyinji wa mankhwala. Komanso, ulamuliro kutentha n'kofunika kwambiri chifukwa mchere mu kalasi nthawi zambiri sintered pa kutentha pamwamba 900 C. Pofuna kuthetsa vutoli amagwiritsidwanso ntchito ngati processing osakaniza fumbi mpweya, amene amalola kuyambira zipangizo kuwotcha pa kutentha kwa 1000 C, amene bwino kupanga dzuwa.