Obisika Spaso-Prilutsky, Vologda: maola ntchito, zithunzi

Obisika Spaso-Prilutsky - imodzi mwa nyumba yaikulu achipembedzo Russian North. Iye dzina lake polemekeza Mpulumutsi Mpingo wa agulupa ndi mtsinje unakhota (haying mauta), kumene ali pamtunda. Lero, ndi zovuta misewu kamangidwe ka zaka XVI-XVIII kwambiri m'dziko.

A mbiri pang'ono

Mpulumutsi Priluki ansembe yotchedwa (Vologda dera) anaonekera pa dziko lapansi 1371, kumpoto kwa Vologda, pa njira ya ku Beloozero, pafupi ndi mudzi wa Vypryagovo. Amaona kuti kukhala tate wa wotchuka Russian woyera, woyang'anira wa Vologda Dimitry Prilutsky. Iye anamanga mpingo matabwa pa obisika, ndipo pafupi izo zinamangidwa kwa ansembe a maselo matabwa.

Alimi, makamaka amene anali nayo minda, Ilya ndi Isidore unharnessed ikusonyeza mbiri, anali okondwa kupereka malo awa ndi cholinga chabwino. Malinga ndi zosiyana, Mpulumutsi Priluki ansembe yotchedwa (Vologda) wakhala anasangalala mtima ndi wolemekezeka John III wa Grand Atsogoleri Akuimira Ndani, John IV wa, Vasily III.

Pamene John III anapita ku Kazan (1503), anatenga kuchokera obisika chizindikiro Dimitri Prilutsky olembedwa ndi Dionisiyo. Kubwerera ndi chigonjetso, iye chokongoletsedwa chizindikirochi siliva ndi golide. Obisika Spaso-Prilutsky anapita Vasily III ndi mkazi wake Elena Glinsky (1528) pa ulendo mchitidwe Russian.

Altarpiece ntanda - kutalika 140 masentimita, chokongoletsedwa ndi ziboliboli zambiri zopangidwa pa dayisi woyera wokutidwa ndi basma gilt - anatenga agulupa Ivan IV pa ntchito yochotsa Kazan (1552). Akatswiri a mbiri yakale amanena izi mtanda Kilikievsky kuchokera kunyumba ndi Kilikiya akale, inali ku Asia Minor. Tsopano iye ali m'ndende ku Vologda Museum. Malinga ndi wolemba mbiri S. M. Soloveva, wotchedwa Dmitry Prilutsky analenga adakhala pa misewu kuti naye Vologda kwa Ocean Arctic. Spaso-Prilutsky Dimitriev obisika m'zaka XVI, ndi limodzi mwa amonke wotchuka ndiponso wolemera kwambiri kumpoto kwa dziko.

zomangamanga

Pakati pa obisika ndi belu nsanja ndi Cathedral wa Mpulumutsi. Ilo linali kachisi woyamba anamanga mwala mu mzinda. Kumanga wake patsogolo mofulumira, Ivan Grozny analamula kumasula Watsimikiza ake obisika ku ntchito. Yomanga ntchito anamalizidwa mu 1542-m. Chaka chomwecho, Mpulumutsi Prilutsky Dimitriev obisika ndipo anamanga tchalitchi, anapita John IV.

Pa tchalitchi ndi zofanana kwambiri ndi malo Moscow ya kulambira. Izi kyubu woboola pakati kachisi, simenti, trehapsidny chetyrehstolpny. chisoti korona ndi mitu isanu ija, imene ili ng'oma anamaliza mawonekedwe. Pansi pa ng'oma akonzedwa cornice kuti imakongoletsa poyambira kukongoletsa. Pansi woyamba ali ndi denga vaulted, mtanda woboola ake anawasema amapereka mwa pilasters anayi, cornices kusunga awo atatu zakomary semicircular mawonekedwe.

Ofufuza khonde kumadzulo kuno m'ma XVII. South ndi North anali anamangidwira kenako mu 1672. Khumbi kumadzulo khonde tichipeza awiri mwala zipilala mtsuko ndi awiri polustolpa. Amalimbikitsa arches ziwiri, zomwe zili mbali iliyonse. Kumbali ya kumadzulo kwa khonde mutha kuona matabwa. Padziko yosalala Zojambula pakhoma wake akatulutsidwa.

Cathedral umalamulira kwambiri pamwamba nyumba ozungulira ndipo amakhala maganizo otchuka. Kiyubiki yaikulu buku, kuvala chapansi mkulu, zikuwoneka chidwi kwambiri. Pa mbali zitatu za tchalitchi wazunguliridwa ndi tambirimbiri ndipo apses atatu ndi kum'mawa.

Makoma a mpingo anasiyanitsidwa mapewa athyathyathya ndipo lonse kwa spinners atatu. Pamwamba pawo towered tiers awiri lalikulu semicircular zakomar ndi muyezo waung'ono pakati. Mosiyana ndi mpingo matauni, kupanga akukokomeza kudzichepetsa chibadidwe zomangamanga kumpoto. Taonani laconic kwambiri kukongoletsa njira wapakamwa.

Zingapo osiyanasiyana chokongoletsera ng'oma, chomwe malamba beguntsa, arochek, nishek ndi zithetsedwe. Mu September 1811 ndi makandulo aiwala m'kachisi panali moto. Zonse zamkati kutenthedwa. Zopsereza ndi ena machaputala.

Nkhondo ya French ku likulu (1812) mu nyumba charred anapitiriza kuchotsedwa zodzikongoletsera likulu la sacristy wa Makolo Akale Novospassk, Chudova, Ugresh, Znamenskoye, Novodevichy, Pokrovsky, Voznesensky mchitidwe umenewu, Utatu Lavra wa St. Sergio wa Moscow ndipo ena aang'ono. Makhalidwe anali mu tchalitchi mpaka kumasulidwa kwa likulu.

Kubwezeretsa tchalitchi

Kuyambira 1813 mpaka 1817 kunachitika mu yokonzanso kachisi. Kukonza zowonongeka mutu, anaganiza kuti awapatse mtsuko woboola mtundu. Zakhala kwathunthu anabwezeretsa makoma charred.

Ivan Baranov - Yaroslavl mbuye - ndi athandizi eyiti m'kati mwa mpanda pulasitala a tchalitchi. The mlimi wa Vologda M. Gorin mu 1841 anachita wina watsopano kwa spire a tchalitchi ndi belu nsanja. Pansi m'munsi a tchalitchi ndi manda a Uglich Akalonga John ndi Dimitri, amene anathamangitsidwa ndi John III mu ukapolo ku mzinda uwu kumpoto ndi Dimitriya Prilutskogo. Mu obisika, Yohane anali tonsured ndipo analandira dzina la Ignatius. Manda a Sts Ignatius ndi Dimitriya Prilutskih tsopano kwathunthu kubwezeretsedwa - iwo ndiwo chidina wa agulupa, amene modzipereka alambira abale ndi aulendo.

mpingo chipata

Chipata chapakati obisika, ndi kumtunda kwa iwo Chipata Church ndi mbali ya khoma anamanga pambuyo yomanga Cathedral Onse-Ngwachisoni Mpulumutsi. Iwo azikongoletsa khomo la ansembe yotchedwa kwa Mpulumutsi Priluki kwa msewu wopita ku Kirillov, Belozersk ndi Arkhangelsk.

Chipata Mpingo opatulidwira m'dzina la Feodora Stratilata mu 1590, koma kenako anadzatchedwa mu dzina la Ascension (1841). The inventories wa XVII atumwi, amene amasunga Mpulumutsi Priluki ansembe yotchedwa (Vologda dera), kotero kuti ndi chipata cha mpingo lidawonjezeredwa tchalitchi mwala ndi mipata anayi, amene anakhazikitsa belo. Pa yopemphereramo anali matayala chidwi koloko.

Mu 1730 ndi yopemphereramo anali n'kukhala yaing'ono belu nsanja. Lero anasunga quadrangle ndi mazenera zinayi, yomwe inamangidwa pa octagon akulira. Mu 1914, anapachika yekha mwadongosolo belu zolemera mapaundi 52. mkuwa ake anaponyedwa kuyambira zaka mbuye Chartyshnikov belu (1876 g). Azikongoletsa nyumba opangidwa, Niska, zitsime zosambiramo, kuphatikizaponso begunets ndi zithetsedwe pa ng'oma ndi mpanda. zokongoletsa uno, kumene mungaone chikoka cha Novgorod ndi Moscow, mmene ndithu kwa akachisi a kumpoto kwa mwala XV-XVI zaka. Makoma anasiyanitsidwa ndi limodzi kapena awiri spatula mpanda.

Mpingo wa Akukwera

Today Mpulumutsi Priluki ansembe yotchedwa (Vologda) ali pa m'gawo lake lapadera matabwa Mfundo Church, ndinabwera kuno mu zoyambirira za m'ma XVI. Anasamukira ku Alexander Kushtskoy obisika, amene sanali kutali ndi pakamwa wa m'mudzi, pa mtsinje Kushtia.

Ndi chipilala wamkulu wa zomangamanga matabwa a Russian North. mawonekedwe ake mapulani anatsindika zazikulu likuchuluka. Phillips buku pa malo waima ndi octagon lalikulu, kuwonjezera kuchokera pamwamba. Iye amatchedwa kuti angagwere pansi. Octagon ndi korona ndi wamtali ndi wochepa hema ndi chimphika yaing'ono. mbali mbali (more yafupika) kutsirizitsa madenga Mochititsa chidwi yokhota kumapeto. Silver mtundu wa matabwa munthu matabwa (Melekha) kuti kuphimba chihema denga, kuphatikiza mwangwiro ndi zipika velvety bulauni kulocha. mitundu yonse ya zomangamanga ndi inextricably zogwirizana. Iwo kupanga yofunika ndi zogwirizana bemsya.

Onse Church Oyera

Spaso-Prilutsky Dmitriev obisika ndi mpingo wina chidwi. Poyamba izo chipatala chifukwa chipatala Ufumuyo thupi. Single mutu, osakwatiwa-storey ziwiri akuda. Linamangidwa mu 1721 ndi odzipereka mu dzina la Hierarchs atatu. Patapita (mu 1781) anadzatchedwa Oyera Mtima.

belfry

amwendamnjira makamaka wonyada ndi abale adakhalako belu amene ali Woyera Prilutskii kunyumba (Vologod dera). Woyamba dongosolo otero kumangidwa pamodzi ndi tchalitchi. Iye Ufumuyo kumpoto chakumadzulo phiko. Koma posakhalitsa zosankhidwa kunja. Watsopano, lero alipo, inamangidwa 1654.

Mu 1736, iye khumi mabelu. Ofunika kwambiri a iwo chimalemera mapaundi zoposa 357. Komanso, apa anali mtumiki ndi belu. Iwo akulemera mapaundi zoposa 55. Pa zinali chithunzi cha Yohane ndi Akalonga Dimitri Uglich. mabelu anaponyedwa mu 1738 ndi John Korkutskim townsmen mbuye. Mu octagon chapamwamba anapereka gudumu kukwapula koloko. Malo amphamvu m'munsi quadrangle anali kusinthidwa mu mpingo ndi maselo.

mpingo Vvedensky

Zochitikazo mlathowu kugwirizana nyumba ndi Mpulumutsi Cathedral zovuta. Mmodzi wa iwo ndi Vvedenskaya mpingo. Izi yosanjikizana ozungulira kapangidwe ndi zapansi oimbira. yomanga ake, mwatsoka, sakudziwika bwinobwino. The inventories wa agulupa mu 1623, iye wakhala ngati mwala anafotokoza.

Pansi ndipo tsopano kachisi. Mu 1876, mpingo uno inamangidwa tchalitchi, wopatulidwa m'dzina la Barbara. Tikumbukenso kuti zokongoletsa ake, womwe wapangidwa mu mawonekedwe a arches corbel, ndi machesi kwambiri ndi Spassky Cathedral ndi Chipata Mpingo wa Ascension ndi. corbels kukongoletsa wa balyasinok, pewani ndi nishek kupereka kachisi kuyang'ana kaso.

mpingo Catherine

Kum'mawa kwa Vvedensky mpingo (mamita khumi) waima mpingo waung'ono mwala m'dzina la Catherine Wamkulu ndi St. Prince Vladimir. Linamangidwa mu 1830 pogwiritsa ntchito ndalama Vologda mwinimunda B. Volotsk. Linamangidwa pamanda a achibale ake amene anali m'manda pano.

Walls ndi nsanja

Vologda Spaso-Prilutsky kunyumba m'zaka XVII, ndi mbali zitatu atazunguliridwa ndi mpanda wa matabwa. Stone panthawiyi yekha chipata chapakati ndi gawo laling'ono la pakhoma kuti anali a iye. Ichi chinali chimodzi mwa zifukwa za kugwa kwa obisika mu 1612-1619, motero. Mpulumutsi Priluki ansembe yotchedwa, ndi chithunzi chimene mungathe kuwona kuchokera mu nkhani iyi, kwathunthu wokhala ndi mpanda wolimba ndi makoma mwala ndi nsanja mu 1656. Iwo anamanga malinga ndi malamulo a m'nthawi yomanga sayansi XVII.

Monasterial m'makoma quadrilateral mu kasinthidwe dongosolo (pachithunzichi). Pa ngodya zake shestnadtsatigrannye anamanga nsanja amene inakula zokhalamo makoma wamtali. Kumpoto zinamangidwa waukulu mwala chipata Chipata Church. Kumadzulo - amakona anayi Water Tower ndi zipata payekha zikubweretsa mtsinje. Mpanda kum'mwera ang'ono (chachitatu) chipata, amene wayala njerwa.

Pakona nsanja zayamba kukankhira kunja kwa mpanda ndege. Iwo anafuna kuti onse chonse chitetezo. The slits kulumikizidwa (mashikuli) linali kunja khoma umaposa tiers. Pakona nsanja mkati ndi zipilala mwala pakati. Izi kuthandiza kudenga la chihema chokumanako, ndi kugwirizana mezhyarusnye ndi tsinde nsanja zakuthambo.

Makoma Amawapatsa zipangizo pochititsa chapamwamba ndipo m'munsi ayi. Pa mbali mkati pamodzi ndi arches mwala pamwamba pali nkhondo pansi. Ndi chionetsero kuzungulira makoma onse. The utali wonse wa pakhoma - mamita 830 pa msinkhu wa asanu ndi mamita theka.

Lero, osati amwendamnjira komanso apaulendo wamba kuyendera Mpulumutsi Priluki ansembe yotchedwa (Vologda). Maola izo yabwino kwa alendo. Ichi ndi chimene ife kulankhula ina.

outbuildings

Mpulumutsi Priluki ansembe yotchedwa m'zaka XVII anasakazidwa kangapo. Choncho, December 1618 Shelkovodskogo asilikali Hetman ndi Cossack Ataman Baloven ankawotchedwa 59 Chimonko mu refectory, koma akadzaukira anaphedwa anthu oposa mazana awiri.

Lithuanians ndi Zitsulo kwa masiku atatu ndinkakhala nalo mu obisika a. Iwo anagonjetsa ndi kuwononga katundu, pang'ono anatentha obisika Archive. Ndipo chaka chamawa, obisika a anawonongedwa. nthawi anachita Siberia Aleevich kalonga, amene anafika kwa "chitetezo" wa agulupa ndi Cossacks ndi Chitata. Wina "alonda" - pa Chitata Murazov ndinkakhala nalo mu obisika woyera kwa masiku asanu ndi anayi.

Mu 1618, Lithuanians yopsereza refectory ndi utumiki, komanso kwambiri ya agulupa malo. Iwo anaba ng'ombe, kamodzinso mundilanda chuma, kutenthedwa midzi, anapha anthu wamba amene anakhala pafupi ndi obisika a. Mu 1645, pa obisika, kuti m'malo maselo anataya ndi refectory matabwa, anamanga mwala umodzi-storey nyumba ndi zipinda amonke ndi refectory wamba. Pakuti kumanga awo anaitanidwa mbuye osema miyala kwa Mpulumutsi agulupa ya Yaroslavl.

The yosanjikizana mwala nyumba - izo drevnenastoyatelskie maselo. Pa yosanja anali abbot ndi kukhalira m'nyumba pansi - m'chipinda chapansi. maselo olumikiza abbots Polowera mu mpingo ndi mlatho anaphimba.

West la Chipata cha mpingo inamangidwa 1718 ndi wina nyumba mwala wauma, yomwe kenako kumangidwanso mu ziwiri storey nyumba yozizira molunjika kumpanda, ndipo kenako hotelo alendo wakhala alipo pano.

East la Chipata mu 1720 anamanga mwala ziwiri storey nyumba cellarer. Kenako pantries obisika inamangidwa izo. Zogona fraternal thupi akutambasula khoma kumpoto, amene chikutha kum'mawa kwa mpingo wa Oyera onse. Linamangidwa kwa nthawi yaitali (XVII-XVIII c.), The wapakamwa analengedwa mu 1790. Masiku ano, pali anakonza maselo abale.

potseka obisika

Pa nthawi imene Soviet agulupa Spaso-Prilutsky anagwa tsoka chisoni nyumba Russian achipembedzo. Mu 1918 obisika anali anaukira ndi mndandanda wa katundu onse. M'madera a nyumba anaikidwa pa Red Army. Pa Civil nkhondo nsanja ya agulupa unachita mbali ya mabomba malo. Kamodzi miyeso yekha yake, nthawi analola kuzimitsa moto ndi kupulumutsa wapatali zakale ndi mapulani chipilala. Mpaka 1923 inachotsedwa idzapereka chuma obisika mpingo, zomwe, makamaka linathandiza njala Volga.

Komiti wamkulu wa chigawocho anaganiza am'thamangitsa kunyumba Archimandrite Niphon (Kursina), novices ndi agulupa anachotsedwa obisika ndi atsogoleri a chipembedzowo anasonyeza kusakhutira anazunzidwa. Anthu a Pryluky ndi midzi yapafupi anapempha chilolezo kwa akuluakulu aboma kuti kunja agulupa makoma pa njerwa, koma mapemphero awo anali atakanidwa.

M'chaka cha 1924 anathetsa mgwirizano ndi anthu ndi agulupa yokha potsiriza kutsekedwa. ntchito ya luso wapereka kwa m'nyumbayi mzinda, ena chuma kunditumiza ku mabungwe boma. Mu 30s ya agulupa ya St. Prilutsky izo anasanduka m'ndende kupita ku anagonjetsa, amene ndiye kusamutsidwa kwa misasa ya kumpoto Gulag.

Kuyambira kumayambiriro 50 70 mochedwa mu obisika munali malo a asilikali. Nthawi yambiri obisika pali amaziona m'mafilimu Les Invalides. Cha m'ma makumi asanu anagwa ndi nyumba m'chipululu cha obisika anayamba pang'onopang'ono kubwezeretsa. Akatswiri amanena kuti ntchito yolalikira ikuchitika efficiently kwambiri, nyumba zambiri maonekedwe awo oyambirira limzake.

Popeza 1979, iye anadzakhala membala wa Vologda Museum-Thandizani Mpulumutsi Priluki obisika. Ulendowu pa madera ake anali m'gulu pulogalamu Zinthu "Chitsitsimutso wa agulupa lapansi." Pakati pa June 1990 pambuyo kutsekera kwa obisika kwa nthawi yoyamba unachitikira chionetsero kwa Gorbachevsky kumanda kumene mpingo wa Lazaro. Mu August chaka chomwecho, Chipata Mpingo wa Ascension ndi unasamutsidwira ROC. Ndipo mu 1991, obisika diocesan linatsegulidwa kachiwiri.

Pa tsiku yokumbukira Dmitriya Prilutskogo (24 February 1992), agulupa anali anabwerera ku tchalitchi cha Russian Orthodox kwathunthu. Pang'onopang'ono, obisika anayamba kutsitsimutsa moyo anali anakongoletsa nyumba obisika, anabwezeretsa mabelu ndi iconostasis. Daily misonkhano Mulungu. The Gawo ali pabwalo, ndi Sande sukulu.

Mu obisika pali nthambi ya Orthodox Theological School of Vologda. Imakonza atsogoleri kwa Vologda ndi Veliky dioceses. Chaka ndi chaka Demetrius kuwerenga, kusonkhanitsa aphunzitsi ndi atsogoleri achipembedzo.

Mu 2014 abbot kwa Mpulumutsi Priluki ansembe yotchedwa - Metropolitan Kirillov Vologda ndi Ignatius. Abale a obisika kwa - 20 Anthu amakhala ndi wamba membala ndodo ndi antchito ambiri.

maulendo

Ife kudziwitsa anthu onse chidwi kukaona Mpulumutsi Priluki ansembe yotchedwa (Vologda) maola.

- Mu mlungu (Monday kuti Loweruka) - kuchokera 10,00 kuti 17.00.

- Sunday - kuchokera 12,30 kuti 17.00. Pa zikondwerero patronal maulendo ikuchitikira ku 14,00.

Mpulumutsi Priluki ansembe yotchedwa: maola ntchito (utumiki)

Pa mlungu:

- Matins - 5,00.

- mapemphero - 7.00-7.30

- Kulapa umachitika mu kumanzere kwa kachisi.

- Vespers - 17.00.