Kugulitsa ku Alaska, 1867. Kodi ndani analamulira ku Russia panthawiyo ndipo ndani anaganiza zogulitsa chilumbacho?

Zakhala zaka 147, ndipo a Russia akukumbukirabe mawu oipa a 1867. Kodi ndani analamulira ku Russia panthawiyo? Ndani anapanga chisankho chomwechi, monga kugulitsa kwa olemera mu minerals ndi golide ku Alaska Peninsula? Zingakhale bwanji mosasamala kwambiri kutaya chuma cha dzikoli? Panali mafunso ambiri, koma mayankho awo amawonekera kokha ndi zaka, chifukwa pali mphekesera zambiri ndi malingaliro ozungulira bizinesi ili. Malingana ndi malipoti ena, Alaska sanagulitsidwe, koma adangobwereka, ndipo anaiwala kubwerera, malinga ndi ena - gawoli linaperekedwa kwa Achimereka ndi Catherine II Wamkulu, lachitatu - ngalawa yokhala ndi golide kuchokera ku America, kutentha, zolemba zinatha, kotero Onani zosayenera. Koma kodi zinali bwanjidi?

Kutsegulidwa kwa gawoli ndi a Russia

Kwa nthawi yoyamba za Alaska anaphunzira mu 1732 chifukwa cha oyendetsa sitima zapamadzi M. Gvozdev ndi I. Fedorov, koma tsiku lovomerezeka la kutsegulira dzikoli ndi 1841, chifukwa ndiye kuti Captain A. Chirikov analembetsa gawolo. Ufumu wa Russia sunali woganizira dziko lino, chifukwa unalibe anthu, kutali, kunali kovuta kufika kumeneko. Alaska ankadziŵika bwino ndi amalonda a ku Russia, amene adagula furs kwa anthu am'deralo, patangopita nthawi pang'ono anayamba kuchita malonda ndi kufunafuna mchere, ndipo izi zinapitirira mpaka 1867. Kodi ndani analamulira ku Russia panthawiyo? Mpanda wa mphamvu unachitikira ndi Alexander II, koma tsar inali ndi mavuto ambiri popanda chilumba, ndicho chifukwa chake amalonda, amene adalenga pamodzi ndi amalonda a ku America kampani yawo yokhala ndi katundu, anali kuyang'anira. Ku Alaska, iwo anatulutsa malasha, amapereka ayezi ndi zisindikizo za ubweya ku United States .

Chisankho chogulitsa peninsula

1867 mu mbiriyakale inali chizindikiro, ndiye kuti gawo lake linachepetsedwa ndi 1.5 miliyoni km ² . Kalonga Constantine Romanov, mchimwene wa mfumu, analimbikitsa tsar kuchotsa Alaska. Ku peninsula anapezeka mchere, komanso ndalama za golide. Zambiri zimanena kuti mbali ya Russia sadziwa zinthu zomwe zili m'deralo, koma izi siziri choncho. Emperor ankadziŵa kuti Alaska anali wolemera bwanji, ndipo adawopa kuti nkhondo ya Britain idzawonongedwa, chifukwa panalibe kanthu koti adzamutsutse. Alexander II adalamula kuti akambirane ndi a United States achifundo pogulitsa malonda ake.

Kukambirana ndi boma la US

Chaka cha 1867 chinali kuyandikira. Amene ankalamulira ku Russia nthawi imeneyo anaikidwa muzovuta kwambiri. Alexander II anaika moyo wake pachiswe kuti asakhalebe kanthu, chifukwa zolakalaka za mafumu a Great Britain zinali zazikulu. Ku US, nthumwi ya Ufumu wa Russia ndi Baron Eduard Stoeckl, adaphunzitsidwa kuti azikambirana. Poyambirira, mtengo wa $ 5 miliyoni unalembedwa ndi golidi, koma baron mwaulere adawukweza kwa 7.2 miliyoni. Achimereka sankafuna kugula chimbudzi ndi malo omwe anachoka. Steche anagawira ziphuphu, atapanga nyuzipepala, polemba nkhani zotsutsa za Alaska, pambuyo pake, United States inagula kugula peninsula.

Owerenga ndi mibadwo yotsatira akukumbukira bwino kwambiri 1867 m'mbiri ya Russia. Ndani analamulira mpirawo? Zikuoneka kuti ambiri akuganiza kuti mchimwene wachinyamatayo amatsutsa mfumu, koma izi siziri choncho. Aleksandro Wachiwiri ankadziŵa bwino kufunika kwake, sanangokhala ndi chisankho china.

Kodi Russia anasankha bwino?

Tsopano mungathe kukangana kwa nthawi yaitali za kufunikira kogulitsa gawo lalikulu la gawoli, koma muyenera kumvetsa chomwe chinali 1867. Amene ankalamulira ku Russia, anamvetsetsa bwino momwe zinthu zinalili. Golidi ndi mchere zingapangitse adani, kuphatikizapo dziko la Britain, ndipo ufumu wa Russia unalibe chitetezo, madera sanalimbikitsidwe. Inde, $ 7.2 miliyoni pa peninsula yaikulu ndi yolemera ndi ndalama zochepa, koma pambuyo pake, Alexander II kawirikawiri sakanakhoza kupeza chirichonse ngati British akuukira kumeneko, ndipo ngakhale anataya nkhope ya ndale. Choncho, kugulitsa kwa Alaska panthawiyo kunali chinthu choyenera.