Koopsa Matenda a Chimfine Virus

SARS ambiri (ndi fuluwenza makamaka) ndi limodzi mwa mavuto chikhalidwe. Ana chifukwa cha milandu 6-8 mpaka 1 chaka, koma msinkhu, zochitika ndi penapake yafupika. Per wamkulu ali avareji milandu 3-4 ya SARS pa chaka. Popeza chakuti fuluwenza makamaka kumabweretsa olumala ndi matenda monga rhinovirus kapena coronavirus zambiri zambiri analekerera "pa miyendo", iwo ankadziwa kuti imfa ya ntchito ndi nthawi masewero makamaka chifukwa matenda fuluwenza. Nkofunika kulimbikitsa chitetezo cha m'thupi, makamaka ngati thupi amadwala chimfine pafupipafupi.

Zikusonyezanso n'chakuti zovuta zoopsa fuluwenza amapereka imfa mkulu - mpaka 6% (ndi magulu ena, ndi zina). Chiwerengerochi mofanana, mwachitsanzo, ndi amafa matenda oopsa kwambiri opaleshoni, monga magazi mkati, perforated chilonda kapena ileus. Choncho kwambiri zofunika kuti azichitira chimfine msanga.

N'zovuta kunena tsopano momwe osamala anthu fuluwenza m'zaka za m'ma XX, koma ndi mliri "Spanish chimfine" mu 1918-19 waonetsa kufunika kwa matenda. M'pofunikanso kukumbukira kuti "Spanish chimfine" wasonyeza m'miyezi yapitayi, 1st World nkhondo yomwe inayamba mu 1914. Kwa zaka 4 nkhondo, kupha asilikali oposa 10 miliyoni ndi akapitawo, ndi anthu wamba ovulala kuposa anthu 10 miliyoni. Ndiye anthu sanathe kudziwa kuti adziwitse ndi zambiri wamagazi 2 nkhondo World, ndi kutayiratu anthu anthu oposa 20 ankaoneka kutulo konsekonse.

"Spanish Matenda a Chimfine" mu miyezi ingapo anatumizidwa ku dziko lina anthu oposa 50 miliyoni, nthawi zoposa 2.5 kuposa chiwerengero cha anthu amene nkhondo. The kutulo zomvetsa nkhondo chinazilala pamaso pa chodabwitsa cha imfa chifukwa cha matenda enaake.

chimfine mliri

Akukhulupirira kuti mliri padziko lonse wa fuluwenza oopsa chifukwa cha mavairasi mutated kumene anthu alibe chitetezo chokwanira, pali 2-3 mu zaka zana. Mu XX m'ma zimenezo zinali. Mliri woyamba ( "Spanish chimfine") zinachitika mu 1918-19 (virus fuluwenza kupsyinjika H1N1). Kachilombo anali oposa mamiliyoni 550. Anthu (pafupifupi mmodzi mwa atatu alionse padziko lonse) ndipo anapha oposa 50 miliyoni.

Yotsatira fuluwenza mliri, wotchedwa "Asian" (kupsyinjika fuluwenza HIV N2N2), kunachitika mu 1957 ndipo anayambitsa pafupifupi 2 miliyoni. Lives. Malinga ndi lipoti boma kudwala yekha ndi mliri fuluwenza mu% 20 50 alionse padziko lonse.

Mu 1968, panali lachitatu mliri fuluwenza, amatchedwa "Hong Kong" (fuluwenza HIV kupsyinjika NZN2). Ndiye, anali atadwala kwa pafupifupi 20% ya anthu, ndi kupha anthu okwana 0.5. Man.

N'zosadabwitsa kuti posachedwapa tikuyembekezera ndi mliri latsopano fuluwenza, ndipo zotsatira zake zingakhale osati wofanana ndi chinyozo "Spanish chimfine", koma oipitsitsa. Ndipo mu 2009, WHO waneneratu ndi mliri latsopano, pamene mliri zinthu padziko lonse zovuta ndi kubuka fuluwenza anthu chifukwa cha HIV H1N1 (monga "Spanish Matenda a Chimfine"), ndipo anapatsidwa dzina lakuti "nkhumba (California) 'chimfine.

mayesero zotheka

Chifukwa latsopano "Spanish chimfine" zikhale zaka kudza si nkhumba, ndi "mbalame" chimfine choopsa. Iwo anali woyamba wolembedwa mu 1997 (Usatong'olere H5N1) ku Hong Kong, pamene anthu 18 anadwala, ndipo 6 anafa. Ndiye - zaka zingapo mtendere, koma m'nyengo yozizira ya 2003-2004 ndi matenda enaake wakhala anapezeka m'dera la mayiko 8 Asian - Cambodia, China, Indonesia, Japan, Laos, Korea South, Thailand ndipo Vietnam. Ngakhale miyezo ovuta kwambiri kwaokha, malo atsopano a "chimfine mbalame" m'chilimwe cha 2004 anaonekera mu Cambodia, Kazakhstan, Malaysia, Mongolia, China, Thailand ndipo Vietnam, ndipo mu 2005 - kale mu Russia, Turkey ndi Romania. "Mbalame chimfine" kwatsala ndi Ulaya.

Ngakhale kuti zaka chiwerengero cha milandu "chimfine mbalame" si anthu oposa 400, amene 227 anamwalira pangozi angathe mliri ndi mkulu. A ochepa milandu zitha anafotokoza chifukwa chakuti bola ngati munthu ali kumapeto imene kupsyinjika izi tizilombo. Ndiko kuti, matenda imafalikira anthu kokha kwa mbalame matenda mu nawo kapena ndi secretions awo, kapena mwa kudya nyama kapena mazira mbalame kachilombo amene akukonza yokwanira kutentha mankhwala. Koma ziri zazing'ono - sikokwanira ndi kusintha munthu chabe. Ndipo yokwanira thupi limodzi anali awiri a fuluwenza, mmodzi amene ndi kachilombo a "chimfine mbalame". Kuti adzakhala ndi chilombo HIV kuti amatha kufalitsa kwa anthu ndi imfa pamwamba 50%.

Kalanga, chisamaliro zipatala zamakono si kukonzekera sewero chotero ndi zotheka zotsatira za zinthu zimenezi ndi mliri n'zokayikitsa.