Kololeka mlingo wa mowa magazi. mlingo wa mowa analola kumbuyo gudumu ndi chiyani?

The malamulo Russian anapezeka item pa mlingo chovomerezeka amanena mowa - pambuyo zaka 2.5 pambuyo Kulipira ake. Miyanda miyanda ya madalaivala anaonekera mafunso ambiri ngati mlingo wa kusintha okhutira mowa magazi poyerekeza ndi kale ija kusinthidwa ndipo ngati n'zotheka kubwerera ufulu zichotsedwe pamaziko cha mapeto a mowa pamaso pa zosakwana kapena ndende yomweyo.

Kodi breathalyzer

chipangizo, kusonyeza kuchuluka kwa mowa m'thupi la munthu. Pa nthawi yomweyo ndi lochititsa woyendetsa galimoto. Losavuta mowa testers - Sims chubu ndi "Control wa chidziletso" popanda kudziwa kumene kuli mowa, koma sangosonyeza ndende zake.

Mwa maikidwe kugawana zipangizo akatswiri payekha. Mu gulu osiyana secrete mowa testers apolisi apamsewu. Ndi chifukwa iwo anatsimikiza ndi mlingo wa mowa analola kumbuyo gudumu. Breathalyzer amasonyeza kuchuluka mu ppm. Umu ndi mmene magalamu a mowa pa lita ambiri mwazi wa lili. Mwachitsanzo, munthu ppm - ndi 1 g mowa koyera zili mu lita imodzi ya magazi. Choncho, pamene atatembenuzidwa mu kuchuluka, izi zikutanthauza 0.1%. Iwo okha mpaka kuwonjezera kuti ppm chimodzi - ndende Kumwambamwamba, amene amatanthauza kuledzera kwambiri.

Ndingatani kunyengeza chipangizo

A nthano wamba - Breathalyzer akhoza kunyengeza pogwiritsa ntchito zidule osiyana ndi nthano. Mwachitsanzo, kumwa 100 ga mafuta mpendadzuwa kapena kutafuna maswiti amamenya fungo mowa. N'zovuta kulingalira zomwe zotsatira mafuta ngakhale kovuta kuyerekeza munthu amene angathe kumwa osachepera theka la mlingo. Koma apa mints musati ndendende kuthandiza. chipangizo kuyankha pamaso pa mowa mpweya, osati fungo, kotero kumunyenga sizigwira ntchito.

Mukhoza, ndithudi, kuonera ndi kuwomba, ngati mukugwiritsa ntchito chipangizo popanda kamwa, koma ngati magalimoto apolisi Woyang'anira anaona tsenga, ndiye anakwiya kwambiri. Kutsutsana ndi ndodo ya apolisi apamsewu sikuthandiza!

Choncho njira - dalaivalayo yekha analola mlingo wa mowa magazi. Ndiko kuti, m'pofunika kudya mizimu zochepa, ndipo Choncho kwathunthu sadzawasiya. Ndipo ngati inu simungakhoze kuchita popanda mowa, ndipo mawa muyenera kukhala kumbuyo gudumu, muyenera tulo tabwino, chakudya atsimikize ndi chakudya, mwina malo anthunzi otulutsirako thukuta. Ngakhale kuti mowa ndi nthunzi kusamba - si kuphatikiza bwino thanzi lanu.

Kodi musanyengedwe

Scammers amapezeka paliponse, ndipo, ngati ndi chisoni, nawonso ali m'gulu la ogwira ntchito apolisi apamsewu. Mwachitsanzo, iwo akhoza kugwiritsa ntchito chipangizo, zimene zikusonyeza pamaso pa mowa, ngakhale ngati woyendetsa Kodi kumwa mowa. Kodi kuchita zinthu izi?

M'pofunika kunena kuzionetsetsa dokotala! Monga ulamuliro, dalaivala motsimikiza akuti kumwa ndipo ndi wokonzeka kufufuza udokotala, anatulutsidwa ndi kupepesa. Kapena popanda kupepesa.

Komabe, simumafuna osati galimoto ataledzera, komanso pafupi ndi galimoto yake mu boma aledzera. Ngati dalaivala woledzera Kutsekeledwa pafupi galimoto yake, akhoza kumana ufulu kaya anali kupita kwinakwake kapena ndikungofuna kukhala mkati. Pofuna kutsimikizira wosalakwa imeneyi chilibe ntchito ndipo bwalo nthawi amaima kumbali ya apolisi apamsewu.

Lamulo lakale

Kololeka mlingo wa mowa kumbuyo gudumu - si luso, koma kubwerera kwa Kusintha akale kwa malamulo RF. Iwo anali koyamba mu 2008 pakati ovomerezeka ambiri. Mwachitsanzo, malamulo athu anatchula zinachitikira ku Ulaya ndi USA. Pa TV mobwerezabwereza anafuulira mmene mukhoza kumwa otsika mowa ndi mizimu, kuti asataye ufulu kuti. Chotero kodi mlingo wa mowa magazi anali kale sizinatchulidwe mu malamulo?

Madalaivala ntchito makina pa ndende ya mowa koyera pa 0,3 ga mu lita imodzi ya magazi ndi 0,15 ga pa mpweya. Komabe, mu 2010 kusinthidwa izi anathetsa - ndi mlingo kololeka mowa mu magazi anali kachiwiri ziro. Unachititsa chipolowe ndi ndalama yaikulu madalaivala amene samadziwa kumayambiriro "youma" lamulo.

Breathalyzer anachita kefir kapena kvass

Nthawi zambiri mwa kulira anakwiya anamveka mawu kuti simungathe ngakhale kumwa Brew ndi yogurt inu musanakafike kumbuyo gudumu. Chifukwa breathalyzer amati amanyamula ngakhale ndende zing'onozing'ono mowa, ndipo ikusonyeza mtengo ena kuposa ziro, amene mwachindunji kumabweretsa kulandidwa ufulu.

Kodi izi ndi zoona? Kumlingo, inde. Mwachitsanzo, ngati chakumwa Brew kapena mopanda mowa mowa (mowa 0.5%), ndiye angapo masekondi pambuyo unit mowa chakumwa tingasonyeze 1-1.5 ppm. Koma miniti kenako kuwerenga kugwa ziro. Ichi ndi chifukwa chakuti chitsanzo choyamba anatengedwa kuchokera pafupifupi utsi, osati kuti apeze mogwirizana.

Pali kugwirizana pakati pa kulemera kwa munthu, kumwa mphamvu ndipo m'kupita kwa nthaŵi pambuyo ntchito. Unali kuti ngati woyendetsa kumwa pafupifupi kukula kwa thupi anayi malita kvass (Nyumbayi 0.5%), ndiye theka la ora breathalyzer kusonyeza 0,12 ppm ndi maola 1.5 - 0 ppm. Koma n'zokayikitsa munthu amene pa nthawi ina kumwa malita 4 a kvass, ndipo nthawi yomweyo anachira kumbuyo gudumu. Kovuta kumwa yofanana yogurt. Choncho likukhalira kuti madalaivala pachabe mtima? Panalibe kuti abwerenso Kusintha?

Breathalyzer Zowona

Madalaivala ali ndi ufulu onse kukhala anakwiya, makamaka amene osamwa mowa pa gudumu konse. Popeza kuti breathalyzer ndi zolakwa muyeso, ngakhale zochepa. Mu osiyanasiyana miyeso ang'onoang'ono (mpaka 0.5), ndi ambiri, ± 0,05 ppm. Ndi kuwonjezeka zili mowa cholakwa wotuluka tikamapuma akhoza kufika 15-20% ya kuwerenga. Komanso molondola zimadalira mtundu chipangizo ndi nyengo.

Ndipotu, ngati tingayerekezere kuti mlingo wa mowa mwazi wa dalaivala akhale ziro, m'pofunika mwanjira kuganizira zolakwa zotheka. Ndipo izi n'zimene ndi zambiri maganizo oyamba kusinthidwa kwa malamulo Russian. Ndiko kuti, oyendetsa musataye chilolezo kwa mowa, ngakhale pa mlingo ang'ono, ndi kuchepetsa kuthekera chilango wosalungama, zochokera onyenga umboni Breathalyzer.

Kuti zingakhudze chipangizo kuwerenga

Kololeka mlingo wa mowa pa gudumu sangakhale ziro, osati chifukwa cha zolakwa za chida cha. Pali zifukwa zingapo zomwe zingakhudze breathalyzer. Izi mankhwala mowa otsukira mkamwa ndi mouthwash, fodya, zakudya ndi fungo lamphamvu, mbale zokometsera, timbewu chingamu ndi chakudya iliyonse yomwe kwambiri mafuta n'kofunika. mndandanda ndi chidwi kwambiri, koma si monga wowopsa ngati zikuoneka. Kuwonjezeka kuwerenga zingaoneke kokha kwa maminiti pang'ono pambuyo kumwa mankhwala ena. Patapita nthawi, pa sikelo chimadziwonetserako ziro kapena munthu wamba, amene aikidwa mu osiyanasiyana zolakwa kololeka.

Koma nthano lowopsya la msinkhu okwera mowa amkati sanalandire chitsimikiziro. Malinga ndi akatswiri odziŵa, kuchuluka kwa mu thupi laling'ono kwambiri moti zilibe anatani chipangizo china chilichonse.

misinkhu analoledwa mowa galimoto

Choncho, pali kuthekera cholakwa, ndipo chotero, ayenera anabwerera Kusintha kwa. Ndi ganizo limeneli linapangidwa ndi boma Duma ndi kumbuyo chinthu choterocho monga mlingo chosankhika cha mowa. 2013 inali nthawi ya mtsutso aukali. Osati aliyense ankaganiza Inde zimenezi. Komabe, zimene anachira. Mlingo watsopano wa mowa magazi - 0 ppm. Chovomerezeka mtengo wa mowa mtheradi mu kutulutsa - 0,16 ppm. Kodi manambala zimenezi? Nkhani anaonekera 12,8 Administrative Code cholemba lomwe limafotokoza kuti udindo woyendetsa kumachitika vuto la mankhwala kapena mankhwala psychotropic mu thupi lake kapena kukhalapo kwa ethyl mowa mu ndende owonjezera 0,16 mg wa pa lita imodzi ya mpweya. Khalidwe limeneli anatsimikiza kukhala woposa wolakwa zotheka.

Ndipotu, Kusintha izi zikutanthauza kuti dalaivala sangathe kumwa, ndipo umalimbana ndi kuthetsa makhalidwe oipa apolisi magalimoto ndi kuchepetsa chiwerengero cha oyendetsa chosalungama kulangidwa, amene kumulanda mphamvu ngakhale manambala ultrasmall pa alkotestere.

zolemba zamankhwala

Ndipo mawu a narcologists, kodi mlingo wa mowa magazi? PPM - muyeso ndi amene angathe kudziwa ndende mowa, koma kuti mfundo manambala zimenezi?

Choncho, chiletso mtheradi, kapena ziro mowa zili pafupifupi kulibe, ndipo munthuyo kuchitira umboni pa 0,1-0,13 ppm amati tisaledzere. Pamene 0.2-0.5 - yafupika amaonera zinthu kusuntha, yafupika chidwi ndi ndende. Anataya mosamala.

The ndende ya 0.5-0.7 limasonyeza kuti munthu sangathe molondola amanena mtunda kusiyanitsa mitundu ndi kusunga muyezo. Iye ali wodekha ayankhe. Komabe, utsalira mtima wotsutsana boma yemwe.

Pa 0.7-1.3 ppm zimachitika boma anasonyeza kuledzera: utachepa tcheru, amalephera ziyenera mofulumira zinthu. The ndende ya 1.3-2.4 - ndi kuledzera amphamvu. Anthu, opuwala kulankhula ndi mgwirizano. No kudziletsa.

Mmphepete mlingo wa mowa magazi - 3-5 ppm. Ndi wakupha.

Choncho, monga momwe tikuonera, ndi kusinthidwa latsopano kuyamba zochokera timva leni zachipatala. Ndipo ngati kale analola 0,3 pa zikwi mu mwazi kumene madalaivala ambiri unatenga chilolezo kumwa pamaso pa ulendo, koma tsopano sangathe kumwa zakumwa amphamvu.

Kololeka mlingo wa mowa magazi m'mayiko osiyanasiyana

Federation Russian - si dziko kokha kumene choletsedwa kuyendetsa galimoto pambuyo kumwa mowa. Mwambo umenewu unayamba mu United Arab Emirates, Japan, Romania, Saudi Arabia, Iraq, Armenia ndi m'mayiko ena angapo.

• Mu Algeria ndi Albania mlingo mowa chovomerezeka magazi - 0,1 ppm.
• Mu Estonia, Norway ndi Poland - 0.2.
• Mu Georgia, Belarus ndi Uruguay - 0,3.
• Mu Lithuania ndi Jamaica - 0.4.
• Mu France, Monaco, Thailand ndi Portugal kuloleza 0.5 ppm.
• Mu Bolivia, Honduras, ndi Ecuador - 0,7.
• Bahamas, England, USA ndi Singapore - 0,8.

Phindu lalikulu la malamulo a chovomerezeka mu Cayman Islands ndi Lesotho - 1 ppm. mayiko, monga Ethiopia, Bhutan ndi Angola sananene madalaivala ntchito mowa.

Kodi ndiyenera kubweza chilamulo, kutchula pamaso pa zolakwa breathalyzer

N'zotheka, tikakhala kuti chida cha kwenikweni ali izo. Kuti muyenera kukumana kufufuza mankhwala, lomwe limasonyeza pakalibe mowa magazi. Only umboni umenewu m'bwalo amaona zokwanira kusankha mokomera dalaivala.

Ngati inu Sizilowana kumupima nthawi, akhoza kutaya chilolezo dalaivala wawo.

Kodi kubwerera pambuyo lamulo latsopano

Mu nkhani iyi, retroactivity applicable, pokonza madalaivala kulangidwa chifukwa cha kulakwa. Izi ndi malamulo a gawo lachiwiri la nkhaniyi. 1.7 wa Administrative Code.

Kuti, ngati woyendetsa anali akumanidwa ufulu chifukwa zili mowa wa mpweya kuti 0,16 PPM, izo angatanthauze bwalo pokambiranapo mlandu mogwirizana ndi kukhazikitsidwa kwa kusinthidwa watsopano. Choncho, malamulo applicable retroactive.

Madalaivala amalangidwa kwa ndende ya 0,16 ppm ndi pamwamba, sadzatha kuti ayambenso laisensi imene.

madalaivala kafukufuku

Kale kololeka mlingo wa mowa magazi anali 0,3 PPM, zomwe zathandiza kuti madalaivala kumwa mowa mopanda mantha kuti adzakhala ndi kutaya ufulu wawo. Today yekha analola kuti 0,16 ppm mu mpweya (ndi momwe Nkosatheka okwana zolakwa). Koma angati madalaivala kwenikweni ataledzera?

Malinga ndi kafukufuku anonymous ataledzera kumbuyo gudumu zonse kukhala 2,7% ya kafukufukuyu. Pafupifupi theka la anafunsidwa (49.2%) amanena kuti konse kuyendetsa galimoto ataledzera, chifukwa amanyamula chiopsezo zoipa thanzi, alendo, banja lake, ndi kuthekera imfa. Osamwa choopa kutaya ufulu% 8,8 yekha wa ziziyenda. Ndipo mmene kuzindikira kuti kuyendetsa galimoto ataledzera pa mzinda wonsewo m'misewu m'chipululu dziko. Ndipo peresenti 14,8 ya anthu amene anafunsidwa anavomereza kuti kamodzi ntchito galimoto "bwino woledzera".

Nthawi zambiri, kusinthidwa anatengera angatchedwe chilolezo kwa akuluakulu omwe ankafuna kulowa mlingo weniweni wa mowa, koma amanena za zolakwa chida, dalaivala-odwala matenda ashuga ndi mlingo wa mowa amkati. Ndipo tsopano tili ndi kuloŵa 0,16 PPM, zomwe cholinga kuphimba malire aliwonse wachisokeretso. Pankhaniyi, inu Simungathe kumwera galimoto - ndi zoona. Ndipotu, ubale kuenjezera mowa mwazi wa madalaivala ndi kuchuluka ngozi akhala zatsimikiziridwa ndi sikutanthauza chitsimikiziro ndi kutsimikizira zina.