Kodi voteji mu madera magetsi,

Ife tonse tikudziwa kuti kuti kuyatsa magetsi, tilimbikire makina lophimba batani, kodolani izo. Dinani - ndi nyali zounikira mmwamba, wotsegula padziko lonse. Childs, anthu ochepa kuganizira njira kunachitika panthaŵi. Ndipotu, akatswiri ambiri zaka odzipereka kuyesera kuti adzaone zomwe ndi voteji ndipo panopa.

Ndi fanizo zakumwa tanthauzo la mawu akuti "panopa" amadziwika onse - ndi gulu lotsogoleredwa otaya. Ndi ulemu ndi mphamvu ya magetsi, ndi kayendedwe mwadongosolo. particles zoipa ndi zabwino mlandu. Nkofunika kukumbukira kuti sikungokhudza ma elekitironi, komanso za maatomu, imfa awo. Mlandu elekitironi ndi zoipa, koma ayoni ndi (maatomu otchulidwa) - positive. Kumvetsa zimene ndi voteji, chitsanzo zotsatirazi zingathe kukuthandizani.

Tiyerekeze chiwembu losavuta: nyali incandescent, n'kuyamba chikugwirizana ndi chophukacho wa mmodzi wa awiriwo mwachidule mawaya, ndipo magetsi. Nyali zidawala, muyenera loyamba la onse amadziwa nanga voteji kusiyana pakati pa lamulo chilengedwe cha particles ndi mphamvu.

Waya zitsulo wapangidwa ndi maatomu, amene nthawi zonse amapezeka gulu chilengedwe cha ma elekitironi. Komabe, panopa mu nkhani iyi si, popeza pali disordered (wachisokonezo, si mbali) kayendedwe ka iwo. Tinthu "mphamvu" ankatembenukira m'njira yoyenera ya m'munda magetsi. gwero lake atha kutumikira ngati magudumu ogulitsa mphamvu, zinthu mankhwala, etc. pakati mphamvu panopa ndi munda, kuzipangitsa, pali kugwirizana kwambiri :. Ndi kukula kukula kwa munda magetsi ndi ukuwonjezeka panopa.

Nthawi zambiri, apano - chiwerengero particles pulayimale "anapitirira" kudzera wochititsa pa nthawi unit. Mlandu okwana nayo nthawi pochitika ma elekitironi ndi amayezedwa coulombs. Choncho, unit wa panopa, ndi ampere, ndi kuyang'anira 1 coulomb kudutsa wochititsa mu 1 chachiwiri.

Komabe, popanda kuzindikira kuti woteroyo voteji, ndi kovuta kudziwa chiwerengero cha kudalira panopa pa munda magetsi. Ndipotu, munda ndi mphamvu zimene zimapangitsa aliyense elekitironi (kapena m'khosi) kusamukira ku njira yolondola. Komabe, kuyambira mtengo wa m'munda ndi osiyana mu mfundo iliyonse ya wochititsa, iwo anaganiza kuti mufotokozere ntchito mlandu kusamutsidwa, osati umboni mphamvu.

Choncho, voteji - kusiyana angathe kudutsa malekezero wosiyana ndi wochititsa chikugwirizana gwero la EMF. Voteji amayezedwa volts. Chifukwa chaichi wapadera chipangizo - ndi voltmeter. Iwo chikugwirizana kudutsa katundu Mwachitsanzo zatchulidwazi probes awiri voltmeter olumikizidwa kwa ziwalo anzanu awiri a nyale. Zimenezi zimathandiza kuyeza kukula m'munda pakati pa mfundo zimenezi.

Chifukwa cha momveka, inu mukhoza kulingalira chokha "khalidwe" particles mlandu wochititsa a. Pakompyuta, monga tanenera kale, ali ndi mlandu zoipa Choncho, anakopeka particles wa zosiyana mlandu chizindikiro. The apamwamba ndende ya ayoni pa mtengo uliwonse, ndi ma elekitironi zambiri mfulu wochititsa ndi (chifukwa iwo - ena a ma atomu). Kusiyana kumeneku kwa chiŵerengero "-" ndi "+" imapatsidwa mphamvu.

Field (voteji) kwaiye zomera mphamvu. Zochokera m'chilamulo cha kupatsidwa ulemu mu atomu mu mizere wochititsa intersecting ya maginito, mphamvu electromotive. Monga kulumikiza katundu ndi kulenga dera, monga voteji adzaoneka. Mphamvu magudumu Link (madzi, nthunzi, mphepo) akutulutsira electromagnet, imbaenda munda wake windings EMF. Aliyense kumulowetsa gawo mitundu. Ambiri-gawo voteji. Kulenga mu oscillator ali pano mwachindunji atatu windings anakonza mu njira ina (zomwe zikutsalirazi Chrixitu ndi madigiri 120).