Kodi ndi ndani? Olemba malo otchuka a dziko

Choreographer ndi amene amapanga masewera ovina, masewera a ballet, zojambula zoimba poimba ndi zochititsa chidwi, mutu wa kuvina kapena gulu la osewera. Uyu ndiye munthu amene amabwera ndi kugwiritsa ntchito mafano a anthu, mawonekedwe awo, mapulasitiki, amasankha nyimbo, komanso amadziwunikira kuti, zovala, zovala, ndi zokongoletsera ziyenera kukhala zotani.

Choreographer

Nambala ya kuvina imakhudza kwambiri maganizo, zochitika zomwe zili mu nyimbo ndi masewera a masewero kapena zojambula zonse zimadalira mowona bwino momwe kayendetsedwe ka magulu ndi kuvomerezana kwa ovina ndi ovina kumakhazikitsidwa, poyera komanso kuyambira kwa kayendetsedwe kawo, momwe Amagwirizanitsa masewera awo ndi zoimbira, ndi kuyatsa, povala zovala ndi zodzoladzola - zonsezi pamodzi zimapanga chithunzi chimodzi cha zochita zonse. Choreographer ndi munthu yemwe ali Mlengi wake. Ayenera kudziwa malamulo onse ndi zovuta za zojambulajambula, mbiri yake, kuti apange masewera oterewa omwe angakhale okondweretsa kuwonerera omvera ndikuchita nawo osewera. Wopanga masewerowa ayenera kukhala ndi chidziwitso, kukhala ndi zochitika ndi luso la woyang'anira, ali ndi malingaliro, zongoganizira, zoyambirira m'malingaliro ake, ali ndi luso, amamvetsera nyimbo, amamvetsera nyimbo, amatha kuimba nyimbo, amatha kufotokoza maganizo pogwiritsa ntchito mapulasitiki - Choreographer. Ngati zonsezi ziri mu mutu wa mutu, ndiye kuti kupanga kwake kudzapambana ndi anthu ndi otsutsa.

Mawu akuti "choreographer" potembenuzidwa ku Chirasha amatanthauza "mtsogoleri wa kuvina". Ntchitoyi ndi yovuta, ndipo imafuna ntchito ndi khama zambiri, zonse zakuthupi ndi zamakhalidwe abwino. Wopanga masewerowa ayenera kusonyeza onse omwe amachita nawo phwandolo, afotokozereni momwe akumvera mu pulasitiki ndi nkhope. Kuvuta kwa ntchitoyi ndikwina kuti kuvina sikungathe kulemba pamapepala, choreographer ayenera kukumbukira ndikuwonetsa ojambula omwe amaphunzira gawo lawo. Kudziwa kwa ovina ndi gawoli kumachitika mwachindunji pamakambirano, pamene owonetsa masewerawa ndi sewero la nyimbo ali ndi mwayi wolemba zinthu ndi nyimbo. Choreographer ayenera kufotokozera zomwe ali nazo pazochita zake, kumuwonetsa kuti nkofunika kuvina ndi momwe angayesere. Ndipo pofotokoza momveka bwino wotsogolera akuwonetsa lingaliro lake kwa wojambula, mofulumira ndipo mosavuta lingaliro lake lidzamvedwa ndi kuphunzira.

Ntchito ya choreographer ndikumanganso kuvina kapena masewera onse kuti asunge komanso kukweza chidwi cha owonerera. Pokhapokha, masewera olimbitsa thupi amangochita masewera olimbitsa thupi, malo omwe sangathe kumuuza chilichonse, amangowonetsa kusintha kwa thupi la ochita masewerowa, ndipo amangoyankhula ngati wotsogolera amawadzaza ndi malingaliro ndi kumverera ndikuthandizira ojambula kukhala nawo Ndiponso moyo wake. Muzinthu zambiri, kupambana kwa ntchito ndi nthawi ya "moyo" wake pa siteji kudzadalira pa izi. Woyamba kuyimba onse kuvina ndi choreographer mwiniwake, chifukwa ayenera kuyamba kusonyeza ochita masewera awo.

Olemba choreographers akale ndi amasiku ano

Anthu otchuka oimba nyimbo ku Russia ndi zaka za m'ma 1900 ndi 2000:

• Marius Petipa, yemwe anathandiza kwambiri ku Russia;
• Jose Mendez - anali mtsogoleri m'mabwalo ambiri otchuka padziko lapansi, kuphatikizapo Bolshoi Theatre ku Moscow;
• Filippo Taglioni;
• Jules Joseph Perrault ndi mmodzi wa owonetsa bwino kwambiri a "ballet wachikondi";
• Gaetano Joya - woimira chisankho cha ku Italy;
• George Balanchine - anayambitsa ballet ya ku America, komanso neoclassic ya ballet yamakono, amakhulupirira kuti chiwembucho chiyenera kuwonetsedwa kokha ndi kuthandizidwa ndi matupi a osewera, ndi zojambula ndi zokongola - izi ndi zopanda pake;
• Mikhail Baryshnikov - adapereka ndalama zambiri ku dziko la ballet;
• Maurice Bejart ndi mmodzi mwa ambuye opambana kwambiri a ballet a zaka za m'ma 2000;
• Maris Liepa;
• Pierre Lacotte - adagwira ntchito yobwezeretsa zolemba zakale;
• Igor Moiseyev ndiye amene amapanga gulu loyamba la akatswiri ku Russia mu mtundu wa dziko;
• Vaclav Nijinsky - anali wopanga nzeru mu zojambulajambula;
• Rudolf Nuriev;
• Alexei Ratmansky.

Akatswiri ojambula nyimbo masiku ano:

• Jerome Belle - woimira sukulu ya ballet yamakono;
• Nacho Duato ;
• Jiri Kilian;
• Angelin Preljocaj ndi woimira mwatsatanetsatane wa kuvina kwatsopano kwa France.

Olemba mabuku a ku Russia a zaka za m'ma 2100:

• Boris Eifman ndi amene amapanga masewero ake;
• Alla Sigalova;
• Lyudmila Semenyaka;
• Maya Plisetskaya;
• Gediminas Taranda;
• Evgeny Panfilov ndi amene amapanga masewera ake, okonda kuvina.

Onse olemba malowa a ku Russia ali otchuka kwambiri osati m'dziko lathu lokha, komanso kunja.

Marius Petipa

Choreographer wa ku France ndi Russian, amene anasiya cholowa chachikulu. Kuyambira m'chaka cha 1847 iye adalowa mu bwalo la Mariinsky Theatre ku St. Petersburg ndi Bolshoi Theatre ku Moscow, pempho la mfumu ya Russia. Mu 1894 anakhala mfumu ya Ufumu wa Russia. Iye anali mtsogoleri wa ballets ambiri, monga Giselle, Esmeralda, Corsair, Mwana wamkazi wa Farao, Don Quixote, La Bayadère, Maloto a Midsummer Night, Mwana wamkazi wa Nkhono, Robert-Devil "Ndipo ena ambiri. Zina

Roland Petit

Pali akatswiri odziwika bwino olemba mabuku omwe amaonedwa kuti ndi amatsenga a zaka za m'ma 1900. Zina mwazozikulu kwambiri ndi Roland Petit. Mu 1945 adayambitsa gulu lake la ku Ballet des Champs Elysees ku Paris. Chaka chotsatira, adayimba nyimbo yotchedwa "The Young Man and Death" ku nyimbo za IS. Bach, yemwe adalowa muzigawo zamakono zojambula. Mu 1948 Roland Petit anakhazikitsa gulu latsopano la ballet lotchedwa "Ballet wa Paris". M'zaka za 50s iye anali osewera mafilimu angapo. M'chaka cha 1965, adachita ku Paris mwaluso wotchedwa "Notre Dame de Paris", pomwe iye mwini adagwira ntchito ya humpback Quasimodo, mu 2003 adachita izi ku Russia - ku Bolshoi Theater, komwe Nikolai Tsiskaridze adayambitsa phwando la bell.

Gediminas Taranda

Mbuye wina wotchuka wa ballet pa dziko lapansi ndi Gediminas Taranda. Atamaliza sukuluyi ku Voronezh anali wokhutira mu Bolshoi Theatre ya Moscow. Mu 1994 iye anayambitsa Imperial Russian Ballet, yomwe inamupatsa mbiri ya dziko. Kuchokera mu 2012, iye ndi mtsogoleri ndi woyambitsa maziko a Foundation for Promoping Creative Education, pulezidenti wa Grand Pa Festival. Gediminas Taranda ali ndi mbiri ya Wolemba Wolemekezeka wa Russia.

Boris Eifman

Chowala, chamakono, choyambirira, choreographer ndi B. Eifman. Iye ndiye amene anayambitsa masewero ake a ballet. Iye ali ndi maudindo osiyanasiyana ndi mphotho mu gawo la luso. Zowonongeka kwake koyamba mu 1960 zinali: "Moyo wokumana" ndi nyimbo ya wolemba D.B. Kabalevsky, komanso "Icarus" nyimbo za V. Arzumanov ndi A. Chernov. Kutchuka kwa Boris Eifman monga choreographer kunabweretsa ballet "Firebird" ku nyimbo za wolemba IF. Stravinsky. Iye adayendetsa masewera ake kuyambira 1977. Zochita za Boris Eifman nthawi zonse zimakhala zoyambirira, zimakhala zatsopano, zimaphatikiza pamodzi maphunziro, osasinthasintha, komanso zamakono zojambulajambula. Chaka chilichonse gululi likupita ku America. M'mabuku a masewera otchuka a masewera, ana, komanso miyala ya rock.