Kodi ndi mmene kumanga maziko a manja awo columnar

maziko amatchedwa kuti mbali ya nyumbayi, yomwe amatenga lonse maofesi katundu ndi transmits pansi. Mphamvu ya maziko zimadalira mtendere, mphamvu ndi durability wa nyumba lonse, kotero kuti nkofunika kusankha mtundu woyenera.

Mmodzi mtundu wa maziko ndi columnar. chipangizo zopindulitsa wake ngati chofunika maziko kwambiri ndi zapansi ena, monga lamba kapena slab, ndi okwera mtengo kwambiri kwa izi. Childs, doko maziko pansi zida kuwala, nyumba imodzi kapena ziwiri storey matabwa kapena njerwa.

Konzani maziko ndi manja ake columnar kapena chinthu china, ngakhale zovuta, koma zotheka ndithu, ayenera kukhala bwino ndi sayansi ya zomangamanga.

Kulengedwa Stolbovoye maziko ndi kumanga osiyana, posts zifukwa zina, pansi mayunitsi zofunika pomanga - pansi pa mphambano za kukafika kutsogolo kwa nyumbayo, mphambano makoma, pansi zipilalapo ndi mfundo zina za katundu lalikulu kulimbikira. Monga ulamuliro, kumanga maziko ndi manja ake columnar, mtunda wa pakati zinthu chiyani 1.2-3 m. Pakuti kumanga zake zakhala zikuzunza m'miyoyo strapping matabwa, amene kwenikweni, ndi zomangamanga makoma akuyamba.

Kulera manja ake maziko columnar akhoza kugwiritsidwa ntchito imeneyi zipangizo zotsatirazi: chomenyedwa konkire, konkire, chomenyedwa-laimu, miyala achilengedwe kapena njerwa. Kutalika kwa mizati ya maziko zimadalira zipangizo zotsimikizira, mbali ndi kumanga chuma komwe izo adzamangira.

Kuchokera ku chipilala kumanga maziko a manja awo, muyenera kudziwa miyeso lenileni la nyumba ndi mawonekedwe ake mkati, ndiyo malo katundu makoma zimakhudza ndi partitions. Chinthu choyamba chimene muyenera kuchita pa malo mawonekedwe, tepi iyi ndi kuyeza kutalika makoma, pakati pa mizati ananena kukhomerera zitalizitali kuvomerezedwa potsimikiza diagonally kupewa skewing ndi kuonetsetsa kuti kulikonse ukulu wa 90 °.

Komanso, kumanga chipilala maziko ndi manja ake, muyenera momwe ntchito ndi kubowola kukumba pansi pa mtengo uliwonse dzenje yaing'ono. mozama umadalira pa kuya kwa nthaka ndi kuzizira m'chigawochi. Mwachitsanzo, ngati mtengo uli 1 m, kuya dzenje ayenera kukhala 1.2 m, m'lifupi mbali umadalira pa positi gawo. Aliyense anakumba recess ayenera kuyeretsa makoma, nawasenzetsa pa mbali ya kumatira wosanjikiza, n'zotheka ntchito ochiritsira denga zakuthupi ndi pansi lembani yaing'ono mchenga bedi, amene analimbikitsa bwino ting'onoting'ono basi. Pakati pa zipilala tsogolo anayika zitsulo zolimba, amene ayenera protrude pamwamba pansi pamaso pa msinkhu ankayembekezera mchitidwe wa.

Chotsatira akutsanulira okonzeka konkire yomanga mlingo nthaka, ndiye padziko Chipilala chilichonse ayenera kukonza formwork. Zimakhala mitengo kapena zitsulo, collapsible kapena monolithic. Konkire ayenera kutenga chilemba mkulu, ndi pa palokha yokonza konkire osakaniza zofunika kuonetsetsa kuti simenti ali chizindikiro osachepera 400. Ngati atafuna, maziko ndi manja awo akhoza anamangidwira columnar za njerwa zowotcha mu mtondo simenti, ndi sutures lamulo ligation.

Chinthu chachikulu pomanga mtundu wa maziko, m'pofunika kutsatira ulamuliro chitsulo: kutalika kwa mipiringidzo ayenera horizontally calibrated, chifukwa mungathe kugwiritsa ntchito madzi ndi lamulo kubala osati oyandikana bollards, komanso pa opendekera.

Nkutheka, monga formwork okhazikika, kugwiritsa ntchito mipope asibesitosi simenti. Pankhaniyi yakwera pansi pa recess ndi mosamala azigwirizana ndi ofukula ndi kutalika lonse la ndime wodzazidwa ndi simenti, zikunenedwa bwino tamping.

mizati okonzeka zikatsala kumaliza solidification la konkire si pasanathe mwezi, yokutidwa ndi m'dambo.

Kumanga kusanayambike ayenera kukhala ndi mawerengedwe mlatho maziko. Nokha kuchita ndi chodziwikiratu kuti chichitike, kuyambira njirayi ndi yolemetsa kwambiri ndipo amafuna ena ukatswiri, ambiri, kumaphatikizapo magawo zotsatirazi: tipeze tanthauzo dothi ndi matebulo wapadera kupeza mtengo wa pazipita chovomerezeka katundu, ndiye Calculated kulemera machenjerero onse kunyumba ndi kudziwa malo yayikulu katundu mfundo. Ndiye, wamkulukulu kufunika kulemera lagawidwa payload ndi, chifukwa, phindu analandira maziko zimakhudza malo. Kawirikawiri, kuti akamuthandize, kumene Chinawonjezeka zina 40% wa mtengo. Koma zolinga zawo chosavuta, kuyambira kupanga mawerengedwe amaganizira kwambiri za columnar maziko kalasi konkire, chiwerengero cha zingwe zoimbira ndi ena magawo kutero. Mulimonsemo, si koyenera kuchita maziko a kuwerengetsera nokha, chifukwa Mbali imodzi yovuta kapangidwe ndi vuto mu kuwerengetsera zake zikhale zokwera mtengo kwambiri.