Lymphoid minofu ndi udindo wake wotsutsana wathu matenda

Tsiku lililonse, thupi la munthu lili kuthana ndi malowedwe mu thupi la zosiyanasiyana wothandizila yachilendo. Tizilombo tizilombo, tizilombo, bowa ndi tizilombo kutitenga ife kudzera pakhungu owonongeka dongosolo m'mimba ndipo zimagwira ntchito zosiyanasiyana mucous wa mphuno komanso pakhosi ndipo amayambitsa matenda osiyanasiyana. и в дословном переводе означает "освобождать от чего-нибудь") мы защищаемся от такого масштабного вторжения. Ndipo okha zikomo kwa chitetezo chokwanira pa (mawu zichokela ku immunitas ndi Latin kwenikweni amatanthauza "chilichonse"), ife kudziteteza wotero kuwukira zikuluzikulu. chofunika kwambiri ndi ankaimba ndi minofu lymphoid, amene imafalira thupi lonse ndiponso yathunthu 1% mwa kulemera kwa thupi lonse. Choncho ndi chiyani icho?

tanthauzo

mtundu umodzi wa minofu connective mmene muli dongosolo la macrophages ndi lymphocytes, wotchedwa lymphoid. Iwo akhoza akuimira mu mawonekedwe a ziwalo aliyense, ndipo amangokhala kukhala gawo ukugwirira ntchito ya thupi. Lymphoid minofu anapeza ziwalo monga mafupa ndi ndulu, lymph mfundo ndi thymus. Mu iwo ukugwirira ntchito parenchyma.

The mucosa akuluakulu ena anapezanso accumulations wa lymphoid minofu - ndi bronchi, kapepala kakuti mkodzo, impso, matumbo ndi ena.

ntchito

Mu anachita zonse kuteteza mbali m'munsi amatenga lymphoid minofu. Lili lymphocytes, macrophages, ndi kuwomba, maselo maselo Posakhalitsa, maselo oyera kuteteza thupi ku ankhondowo maselo ena ndi kuyeretsa maselo kuonongeka kwa chamoyo. Mapangidwe maselo a chitetezo udindo lymph mfundo, thymus ndi minofu (lymphoid) matumbo.

Ngati khungu kamakhala kuonongeka ndi bakiteriya kapena HIV, yapafupi kuti malo malowedwe a lymph mfundo, maselo chitetezo anachita allocated wa mndandanda lymphoid ndi macrophages, amene anasamukira pamodzi ndi lymph ndi magazi kudziwika malo "wakunjayo." Mu chochitika cha matenda a misa, pamene magulu a munthu chogwirira lymph mfundo sichitha, dongosolo lonse anazimitsa chitetezo chokwanira.

kapangidwe

Lymphoid minofu kawirikawiri amapereka mu thumba ya ulusi reticular ufulu maselo. maukonde akhoza kukhala thicker zikuchokera (n'kupanga wandiweyani nsalu) kapena lotayirira (ndi malo komwe ufulu maselo angachititse momasuka). Ulusi okha anapanga mtundu III kolajeni.

kudzikundikira danga

M'madera Mwina apamwamba kuti zamoyo mlendo anayikidwa accumulations lalikulu minofu lymphoid. Bwino tonsils - lymphoid minofu ya pharynx aikidwa pa malire ndi M'mimbamo m'kamwa. Iwo pharyngeal, Palatine, chubu ndi guttural. Mndandanda wa malo onse a tonsils ndi minofu lymphoid ndi nasopharynx.

Ntchito yake yofunika kwambiri thanzi lathu, chifukwa neutralizes kugwa kudzera pakamwa ndi mphuno tizilombo toyambitsa matenda. Ndipo pamodzi ndi matupi kuti muli minofu lymphoid amalola mapangidwe nambala Napempha kwa lymphocytes kwa chamoyo wonse.

Koma si zokhazo, lymphoid minofu pakhosi interacts ndi zopangitsa endocrine (adrenal, chithokomiro, thymus, kapamba), kupanga ubwenzi wabwino, "ndi pituitary - adrenal kotekisi - lymphatic minofu" kuti kutha msinkhu wa mwanayo.

hypertrophy Kodi

A mwana wa zaka zitatu kapena khumi angathe hypertrophy a minofu lymphoid wa tonsils, ndi opareshoni, si wosweka. Only ndi chiyambi cha kutha msinkhu minofu hypertrophied umayamba kuchepa.

Ine sindikudziwa ndendende zimene zimafunika pa ntchitoyi, koma zimayambitsa ngoziyi - kutupa pakhosi kapena matenda, matenda osiyanasiyana endocrine. Hypertrophy kungachititse kuti inflammations kawirikawiri kapena kusintha pathological mu makutu, mphuno, pakhosi.

Ngati kusokonezedwa kupuma m'mphuno, wofooka mpweya wabwino. Kenako kumabweretsa kusintha mu magazi - hemoglobin ndi wofiira achiyesa maselo a magazi utachepa, maselo oyera ndi kuchuluka. Kenako, anayamba kuphwanya kwa m'mimba thirakiti ntchito, chithokomiro England, zopangitsa adrenal. Violation njira zonse kumabweretsa akuchedwa kukula ndi chitukuko cha kugonana cha mwanayo.

hyperplasia Kodi

Mawu akuti "hyperplasia" anabwera kwa ife kuchokera m'Chigiriki ndipo limatanthauza sverhobrazovanie. Pakati pake penipeni ndi kudwala imene maselo kuyamba mofulumira muchuluke, kuwonjezera buku la minofu.

Koma hyperplasia minofu lymphoid - si matenda koma chizindikiro. Zimene lake kuti zikamera wa matenda kapena kutupa mu thupi. Kunja, izi makamaka noticeable mwanabele. Pali mitundu itatu ya hyperplasia a mwanabele:

1. Opatsirana. Kuyankha chitetezo matenda aliwonse kumabweretsa ulimi wa lymphocytes ndi macrophages mu mode kudya, zimayambitsa kukula kwa minofu lymphoid.
2. Zotakasika. Mabakiteriya ndi majeremusi kulowa mfundo lymph, pali kudziunjikira malonda awo zinyalala, poizoni tochoka ndi iwo, kuchititsa nawonso, ndi yogwira maselo kusankha macrophage.
3. Zilonda. Mu ndondomekoyi, aliyense pathological maselo lymph mfundo angatengere mbali, imbaenda kusintha kukula kwake, mawonekedwe ndi struktuy.

Lymphoid minofu - mmodzi wa zigawo zikuluzikulu zofunika kwambiri za chitetezo cha m'thupi cha thupi lathu. Imathandiza kupewa matenda ambiri asanakwatiwe matenda mkati ndi chakudya ndi mpweya. Iwo amagwira ntchito zina limagwirira zomwe mpaka mapeto ndipo si afufuza.

Nthawi zina lymphoid minofu amakhala chofuna ndipo pali matenda monga appendicitis, zilonda zapakhosi ndi ena (malingana ndi minofu kutanthauzira kwa lymphoid). Nthawi zambiri mu Zikatero, madokotala kugwiritsa ntchito njira opaleshoni ya chithandizo, mwa kulankhula kwina, kuchotsa zinkakhala m'dera kapena chiwalo. Popeza ntchito zonse za nyumba ya lymphoid sali kudziwika kwathunthu, sikutheka kwathunthu amanena kuti kuchotsa Sikuti kuvulaza thupi.