Kodi ndi magulu otani a masewera? Mixed Martial Arts Tournament

Mixed martial arts ndi mtundu wankhondo, womwe nthawi zambiri umatchedwa "nkhondo popanda malamulo." Ndipotu, kuphatikiza magulu a nkhondo. Nkhondoyo imachitika mwachindunji, kotero imaloledwa kukamenyana panjira yododometsa ndi kumenyana pansi (mumatumba) ndi m'thumba (mu clinic). Kwa nthawi yoyamba mawu ngati MMA (Mixed Martial Arts), adayambitsidwa mu 1995 ndi purezidenti wa bungwe la nkhondo ya nkhondo ya Battlecade Rick Blum. M'kupita kwa nthawi, dzina limeneli lakhala likuvomerezedwa osati m'mayiko omwe amalankhula Chingerezi.

Mbiri ya chilengedwe

Mpikisano wamakono wotsutsana wamakono umachokera ku mpikisano wa Vale Tudo, umene kumasulira kwenikweni kuchokera ku Chipwitikizi kumatanthauza "chirichonse chiloledwa". M'mayiko monga Japan ndi Brazil, mizu ya "mixfight" yakhala ikuyendetsa "kuseka nthabwala" kuyambira m'ma 1930. Panthawi imeneyo, akuluakulu awiri otchuka a ju-jitsu adalengeza kuitanidwa kuti amenyane ndi munthu aliyense.

Ponena za Japan, wogonjetsa masewera omenyera nkhondo m'zaka makumi asanu ndi awiri zapitazo Kanji Inoki anali ndi mikangano yambiri pa malamulo onse. Ndipo ndi konkire pa June 26, 1976 panali msonkhano wodabwitsa ndi wolemba bokosi Muhammad Ali. Poyambirira, tinakonza ndewu yolimbana, yomwe malamulo amtundu wosakanikirana amatha kugwira ntchito, koma masiku awiri asanachitike, malamulo ena adayambitsidwa, zomwe zinakhudza kwambiri zotsatira za masewerawo. Kanji Inoki analoledwa kukwapula malo amodzi pa mawondo, kotero adamenya nkhondo yonse pansi, ndipo Ali anatha kugunda 6 okha. Msonkhano wonse sunali wokondweretsa kuti pambuyo pake, palibe mpikisano woterewu womwe unachitika kwa nthawi yaitali. Ndipo chifukwa chakuti Inoki sanavomereze Ali kwa iye mwini, akudzilimbana ndi "kuthamanga pang'ono" ndi kugwa pansi, ngakhale funso loti apitirize ntchito yake yamasewero anayamba.

Ngakhale kuti kuphatikizapo masewera a mpikisano sanawathandize, Kanji nthawi zina ankachita nawo msonkhano womwewo, ndipo kale mu 1986 bungwe loyamba linakhazikitsidwa lomwe linayesedwa ndi nkhondo zomwezo ndipo linatchedwa "Shuto".

Kupititsa patsogolo ku Russia

Chothandizira kwambiri pa chitukuko cha zamasewero a nkhondo anakhazikitsidwa ndi Bruce Lee wotchuka, kumbuyo kwa zaka za m'ma 60. Ufilosofi umenewo, umene ankalalikira, unkatchedwa "Jitkundo." Mfundo yaikulu yomweyi inali yokhoza kuthetsa nkhondo iliyonse. Kotero, ziphunzitso ndi mafilimu omwe ali ndi Bruce Lee adathandizira kwambiri pa chitukuko cha MMA. N'zosadabwitsa kuti kale mu 2004, pulezidenti wa bungwe lolimbana ndi malamulo, Dane White ananena kuti Bruce Lee ndi "bambo wa magulu a nkhondo".

Ponena za kubadwa kwa "mixfate" m'madera a USSR, tinganene motsimikizika kuti maonekedwe ake amachokera ku zankhondo monga Sambo. Kumayambiriro a 1938, unakhazikitsidwa pamaziko ena.

Ku Russia masiku ano, nkhondo zotsutsana ndizochepa poyerekeza ndi chitukuko cha America yemweyo, kumene MMA inakula kukhala chinthu chonga chipembedzo, chimene chaka chilichonse chimapembedza anthu ambiri a mibadwo yonse, mtundu, chiwerewere ndi chipembedzo. Koma panthawi imodzimodziyo, tifunikira kuwona thandizo lalikulu pa chitukuko cha masewerawa, Fedor Emelianenko, yemwe pamodzi ndi mchimwene wake ndi mtsogoleri wawo M-1 Vadim Finkelstein omwe amapanga mitunduyi ku Russia. Ndi chifukwa cha anthu awa kuti mu September 2012 a Ministry of Sports adalengeza MMA, ndipo pamodzi ndi izi Union of the MMA of Russia inalengedwa.

MMA padziko lonse ndi Russia

Si chinsinsi kwa wina aliyense yemwe Mixed Martial Arts ikupezeka kutchuka kwambiri padziko lonse lapansi ndi Russia, makamaka. Akatswiri ena amati mtundu umenewu wamakono umachokera kale kwambiri, koma, motsimikiza kuti pali zowona m'zinthu izi, chifukwa ngakhale asilikali a ku Roma wakale anali ndi njira zothetsera nkhondo (panthawiyo).

Kuwonekera kwa mtundu uwu wa misonkhano mu mpheteyo kunaloledwa kwathunthu kukakamiza kumenyana popanda malamulo. Si chinsinsi chakuti pafupifupi msirikali aliyense wachiwiri wa magulu a masewera a mpikisano wamatsenga anabwera ku masewerawa pamsewu mumsewu "zamakani", momwe pafupifupi chirichonse chimaloledwa.

Bellator

Zosokonezeka Martial Arts Bellator ndi bungwe la America lomwe limayendetsa masewera pansi pa zifukwa zake. Wopambana amatsimikiziridwa ndi ndondomeko ya Olimpiki. Mitundu ya kulemera ndi yosiyana kwambiri, ndipo kuyesetsa kwa ukatswiri wa mpikisano ndi chimodzi mwa oimira akazi.

Woyambitsa bungwe la "Mixed martial arts Bellator" Björn Rebni. Kuyambira pachiyambi chake mpaka nthawi zamakono, kampaniyo ili ku Newport Beach. Masewera oterewa amachokera chaka chino ndipo amatchedwa "nyengo". Ntchito zochokera ku bungweli ndizodziwika bwino komanso zochititsa chidwi, nthawi zambiri simungathe kuona nkhondo yokondweretsa, komanso anthu ambiri obwera kumene kudzadziwonetsa okha, ndipo pambuyo pake adzakhala mabungwe ndi mayina apadziko lonse. Koma masewera oterewa si mwayi wokha oyamba kumene, koma komanso mpikisano ndi akatswiri ochita masewera olimbitsa thupi.

Oposa 10 abwino kwambiri omenyana

10. Rickson Gracie - Brazil. Kugonjetsa okwana 400 m'masewera osiyanasiyana.

9. Frank Shamrock ndi njira yabwino kwambiri yothetsera nkhondo. Anabwereranso kwa pulogalamu yamalonda pambuyo pa zaka zisanu ndi ziwiri.

8. Chuck Liddell - "Ice" - chifukwa choti kugogoda kwake kukuwombera nthawi zambiri nkhondo zisanayambe kutha.

7. Mirko Filipovich - "Cro Cop" - kuphatikizapo mpikisano mu MMA, anali mtsogoleri wotsutsana ndi malamulo a K-1.

6. Matt Hughes - "Baby" - zaka khumi zidakwera pamwamba pa iye lamba la msilikali weniweni wa welterweight.

Kazushi Sakuraba - anapanga kalembedwe kosiyana, komwe adatha kupambana m'nkhondo zambiri.

4. Kukula kwa Randy - "Natural". Mmodzi wa mamembala a Hall of Fame UFC komanso msilikali wamasiku asanu wolemera kwambiri.

3. Vanderlei Silva - "The Assassin ndi Ax." Amatsutsa kwathunthu dzina lake lotchulidwira chifukwa choyambitsanso masewera olimbitsa thupi.

2. Antonio Rodrigo Nogueira - "Minotaur" - ali ndi mphamvu yodalirika yowonongeka ndi mphepo. Kukumana ndi ululu wakupweteka.

1. Fedor Emelianenko. Othandiza kwambiri ndi omenyera nkhondo padziko lonse anayesera kuthyola wothamanga wa ku Russia. Chifukwa cha kuwonongeka kwachiwiri ndi zaka zisanu zopambana mosalekeza.

Mitundu yolemera

Zovala za omenyera nkhondo

Ngati tikulankhula za zovala, zomwe zimaloledwa kuphatikiza zida zankhondo, omenyana ali ndi mwayi wopita kukamenyana ndi zazifupi (monga amuna). Zimaletsedwanso kugwiritsa ntchito kimono. Izi ndizokakamizidwa, zomwe zimatengedwa kuti zisapatsidwe mwayi wolowetsa phwando ndi kolala ndipo nthawi yomweyo kuchepetsa mwayi wa omenyera omwe amapita kumenyana popanda zovala. Kwa amayi, palimodzi ndi zazifupi, mabasi apadera a masewera amagwiritsidwanso ntchito.

Malamulo

Kwa womenyera nkhondo iliyonse ndizofunikira, koma udindo waukulu uli pa mapewa ake, pamene izi kapena masewerawa akuchitika. Zosokoneza martial arts zimatanthauza malamulo omwe ayenera kumvera. Mwachitsanzo, manja amaikidwa pazipangizo zapadera, zomwe zala ndi zaulere. Mbalameyi ndi yochepa kwambiri kuposa magolovesi omwe amachititsa kuti mliri uliwonse ukhale wovuta. Kuwonjezera pake, kumachepetsa kuopsa kwa kusokonezeka.

Nthaŵi ya nkhondo zonse nthawi zambiri imakhala yozungulira 3 maminiti asanu aliyense. Pankhani ya nkhondo, mutu wawo ukuwonjezeka kufika 5.

Ndikoyenera kudziwa kuti malamulo ena m'mayiko osiyanasiyana ali ndi kusiyana kosiyanasiyana, koma pafupifupi kulikonse ndi oletsedwa:

• Kuwombera ndi zala za malo osatetezedwa;
• Kuwomba;
• Kulumikiza kwala;
• Mphepete pamsana, mu kubuula, kumbuyo kwa mutu ndi mmero;
• Kujambula m'maso.

Mapeto a nkhondo

Pali njira zingapo zothetsera nkhondoyi:

1. Kudzipereka mwachangu, pamene woweruza mwiniwakeyo amadziwonekera momveka bwino kwa woweruza yemwe akutumikira pamsonkhano, amakana kupitirizabe kumenyana. Izi zikhoza kuchitidwa mwalankhula, kapena mukhoza kugogoda pa wotsutsa kapena matayala.

2. Pogwiritsa ntchito kugogoda (KO), pamene wopikisanayo sakudziwa kapena sangathe kupitiriza nkhondo (ndi chisankho cha woweruza).

3. Kugwedezeka kwazitsulo (TKO) kungapangidwe pokhapokha ngati pakufunika kumenya nkhondo (mwachitsanzo, ndi mphunzitsi) kapena kutheka kwa womenya nkhondo kuti apitilize nkhondoyo. Izi zikhoza kuchitidwa ndi dokotala, wachiwiri wachiwiri kapena woweruza.

4. Ndi chisankho cha oweruza.

Izi ndizo momwe nkhondo zimapitilira. Magulu a martial arts ndi okondweretsa kwambiri, ndipo ndi bwino kuwonapo kamodzi kokha kumva nthawi zambiri. Pali nthawi yomwe ngakhale atsikana omwe mwa chikhalidwe chawo ali okonda kwambiri komanso omwe ali ovuta, ayendetsedwe pamutu kuti ayang'ane duel ndi kuiwala za chirichonse. Choncho, kamodzi, koma ndiyenera kupezeka pazochitika zoterezi. Monga ku Roma wakale, anthu amafunsa zomwezo - mkate ndi magalimoto!