Kodi Mulungu alipo munthu ano Western?

Mu mkangano, monga ife tikudziwira, choonadi wabadwa. Ngakhale kuti nyengo za ulamuliro okwana wa Roma Katolika pa maganizo ndi mfundo ya anthu a ku Western magulu European anali kukambirana ngati Mulungu alipo. Kuyambira masiku a Greece wakale anakonza umboni waukulu kuli wolamulira wamkulu. Izi akamabadwa ndi zomveka kukangana. Mwachibadwa, anatchula ndi nzeru ena kuti atsimikizire pamaso pa Zeus kapena Osirisi, koma zikusonyeza kukhalapo kwa dziko wina ndi, Chofunika kwambiri, Mlengi mmodzi wa chilengedwe chathu limene tikukhalali.

Monga tikuonera, kwa anzeru kuyambira kwambiri kuwerengetsera awo zomveka ngati Mulungu alipo, tinapita pang'ono njira yolakwika. mfundo awo zochokera axiom osati ndi zoonekeratu ndithu kuti ngati moyo wina alipo, izo zivute zitani kukhala kulinganiza ndi mlengi wa ichi. Kwambiri zipembedzo za dziko apuma pa chakuti pali "Mlengi wa chilengedwe chonse, zooneka ndi dziko wosaonekayo." Koma ngati wina anamanga nyumba, pamenepa sizitanthauza kuti iye anawuka ndipo kwathunthu dongosolo losiyana. Makamaka kuyambira dongosolo chachiwiri anaulula ambiri "zolakwika kamangidwe kake."

Kupanda ungwiro wa dziko zakuthupi zoonekeratu kwambiri kuonedwa kuti izo mwangwiro lokwanira. Choncho amene ali kuyesa kuonetsa kuti Mulungu aliko, zivute zitani vuto la theodicy, ndiye ndi chowiringula cha Mlengi kwa kuipa. The odziwika bwino zaumulungu wa Ages Middle, Thomas Aquinas anayamba umboni waukulu asanu kukhala wa nzeru zapamwamba ndipo anapereka maganizo awo pa chifukwa moyo zoipa. Popeza Mulungu zonse zabwino (amene alipo imatsimikizirika kudzera asanu ndi ofooka mwa mawu a zifukwa mfundo anapatsidwa Aquinas) akufuna kuti zipindule linapambana dziko. Komabe, zolengedwa wosiyana Mlengi Choncho, si wangwiro. Kodi pali kuwala, pali mthunzi (ngakhale mthunzi kwenikweni amalenga chinthu kuti zimatenga mphamvu chowala). Kodi pali thanzi, palinso matenda (ngakhale ofooka nkhani yolembedwa, monga matenda amaonedwa monga "kusowa thanzi" osati matenda enieni).

Mawuwo "Summa Theologica 'Aquinas, kuyesetsa kuti tibwezere zochuluka kwa funso ngati Mulungu alipo, ananyema German nzeru zapamwamba Immanuel Kant. Umboni wa alipo wina amene ali kunja kwa dziko, sayenera zochokera malamulo maganizo ofunda. Agwiritsidwa kokha kufotokoza ubale chifukwa ndi zotsatira pakati pa zinthu zakuthupi. Ndipo ndithu, mwamsanga kubwera nthawi pamene podzudzula mfundo zaumulungu wa Roma Katolika Sichinatsitsidwe zinafuna chilango chopweteka pamoto, anamva makani ndipo «contra».

Onyoza sanatero stint pa zithunzi yowala. Mwachitsanzo, ethologist Richard Dawkins mu ntchito yake wodzipereka kwa chikhalidwe zachiphamaso za chikhulupiriro, kufuna kutsimikizira kuti Mulungu kulibe, kotero kuti akamenyane ndi umboni, "malinga ndi mlingo wa ungwiro." Tiyerekeze kuti munthu wina akunena kuti tikaona ena zinthu anamwazikana, tikhoza kuganiza wangwiro kwambiri pamalowo khalidwe osalephera ndi zonse zabwino wokhalapo. "Komabe, ifenso powona kuti anthu exude fungo osiyana. Choncho, payenera kukhala kuposa fungo onse Kanyimbi, wotchedwa ndi Mulungu .... "

mfundo zonse za Mpingo kuyesera kuti asanene chikhulupiriro mu zonse-Wabwino wa mlengi wa dziko chuma, ndi deadlocked. Asayansi asonyeza kuti zimayambitsa wa chilengedwe chonse "phwaa chachikulu" osati Mlengi Wamkulu. Komanso, chiphunzitso cha kusankha zamoyo akufotokoza mbali chitukuko kopitirira zamoyo kuchokera ku zocholoŵana. Atamasulidwa goli chiphunzitso cha chipembedzo ndi kudalira sayansi European, ayenera yankho la funso ngati Mulungu aliko negative. Chipembedzo lafalikira chikhalidwe china. Koma njala - umboni bwino kuti madzi - ndi. Ndipo ngati moyo wathu akufuna moyo wosatha, kotero mwina pali dziko lina ili. Kukhulupirira Mulungu - kani, ndi chofunikira makhalidwe omwe safuna kuti atsimikizire.