Kodi mpumulo? Ife kupereka tanthauzo la mfundo

Kodi mungayankhe funso ya mpumulo? Koyamba, ichi palibe akutukwana, ndi wophunzira aliyense akanati athane ndi ntchito imeneyi. Aliyense akudziwa kuti anali mawu ife kulitcha ozungulira ife: mapiri, zigwa, matendawa,, mapiri ndi zitunda zazitali. Komabe, tiyeni kuyesera kupereka yeniyeni ndi zambiri tanthauzo, chifukwa cha kusaka sayansi. Kodi mpumulo? A tanthauzo wamba

Mawu "mpumulo" mu chinenero chamakono Russian anachokera French. Komabe, malinga ndi akatswiri a zinenero, masikolala, mizu Latin wakale, kumene mneni «relevo» amatanthauza "kukweza," "kumkuza", "nsanja". Lero ndi kuchotsedwa monyanyira onse, koma osati dziko ndi nyanja ndi nyanja. Ziboliboli zosiyanasiyana za ku autilaini, makhalidwe chiyambi, kukula, zaka ndi mbiri ya chitukuko, koma lonse iwo akhoza kugawidwa zabwino, zimene amatchedwanso otukukira kunja, ndi zoipa kapena concave.

Macrorelief ndi malo mwachilungamo yaikulu ya dzikolo kuti akhoza kuoneka makumi kapena mazana makilomita. Zitsanzo ndi zitunda zathyathyathya, madambo, mabeseni mtsinje ndi m'mapiri.

Ndi microrelief ndi mumabokosiwo, milu yaing'ono, embankments msewu, hillocks ang'ono ndi gullies. Mwa chidule, tokhala, kusintha okwera onse amene musalumphe ndi mamita angapo.

Komanso, akatswiri apeza mesorelief ndi nanorelief. Yoyamba zikuphatikizapo m'maenje, zitunda, zitunda, mitsinje, masitepe, mapiri, milu ndi gullies, wachiwiri - khasu mizere, ruts, ili misewu kumbuyo, komanso mpweya wa Mole.

Mfundo zikuluzikulu mawonekedwe a mpumulo zambiri mapiri ndi zigwa. Ndi za iwo ndi Tikambirana zina.

Kodi mpumulo? mapiri Chikhalidwe cha thandizo izi mtundu uliwonse umakhala ndi mawonekedwe abwino alili, ndilo khalidwe kwa kulimbikitsa lakuthwa olekanitsidwa chinthu pa ndi lathyathyathya pamwamba. Pankhaniyi, otsetsereka, m'munsi ndi pamwamba ayenera kutchulidwa.

Features wa mtundu uwu wa mpumulo nthawi zambiri ankachitira ndi maonekedwe awo ali pamwamba, ndi iwo, nawonso, ndi ozungulira, peaked, yachonde ngati ndi ena. Tikumbukenso kuti nthawi Zingaoneke, ndi bwino kuti ife ziwembu dziko, monga zilumba Ndipotu, ndi nsonga ya mapiri m'madzi.

Kodi mpumulo? zigwa

Mu gulu funso amatanthauza osati mbali ya dziko, komanso pansi pa nyanja, nyanja ndi nyanja, amene yodziwika ndi otsetsereka m'dera pang'ono, ndi avareji 5 °, ndi kusinthasintha yaing'ono pamwamba mpaka pafupifupi 200 meters.

Malinga ndi kafukufuku, zigwa pa dziko zatenga mbali yaikulu ya m'dera - okwana pafupifupi 64%, ndipo ankaona lowland yaikulu za thupi ndi Amazon mtsinje, kuphimba oposa 5 miliyoni makilomita lalikulu ..

Mogwirizana ndi msinkhu mtheradi wa landforms awa m'zigwa, zomwe zili, zomwe zili ndi zitunda zathyathyathya.

Ngati ife kulankhula za njira zakunja mwina kudziŵika kuti zigwa ndi mitundu iwiri: denudation ndi accumulative. The woyamba kupangidwa chifukwa cha kuwonongedwa kwa thanthwe, ndipo yotsirizira - ndi osakaniza zosiyanasiyana m'dambo.