Zamwano - ndichiyani? Kutalika kwa kampanda pa. Kampanda: Photos

Zinthu zambiri za nyumba ya n'zovuta kulingalira popanda zigawo zikuluzikulu monga parapets. Kodi izo - chinthu zinchito kapena kungoti njira chokongoletsera? Mu malo oyamba adakali mbali yofunika kwambiri, yomwe ndi kuteteza denga, mipanda, makoma, maziko, zenera mipata kunja zosiyanasiyana kuwononga makina ndi zinthu chokhwima zachilengedwe. ndi tanthauzo la kampanda chiyani? mpandawo ndi khoma kapena mpanda kakang'ono kalikonse.

A pang'ono more ...

mchitidwe uwu ndi khoma mosalekeza, kupanga zitsulo monga kanasonkhezereka zitsulo zambiri ntchito. Choyamba, ndi kugonjetsedwa ndi dzimbiri. Kachiwiri, odalirika opareshoni, ndipo chotero, kampanda adzakhala yaitali. Kachitatu, kampanda amakono (chithunzi mfundo imeneyi) kungakhale njira zosiyana kwambiri ndi cholinga zinchito. Nkofunika kusankha kapangidwe kuti sadzasintha maonekedwe a nyumbayi ndipo akhoza kukhala chinthu chofunika kwa izo.

Ziti?

Kamangidwe ka nyumba ndi maofesi adzakhala chosakwanira ngati iwo okonzeka bwino parapets. Izi ndi zofunika zinchito mbali ya kapangidwe aliyense, ife kale anazindikira. Tsopano ife adzamvetsa mitundu ya parapets chimene kulibe:

1. Lathyathyathya kampanda akupereka lathyathyathya pamwamba pa zomwe mbali anasiyanitsidwa kukapanda kuleka.
2. Lathyathyathya mamangidwe amene kukapanda kuleka anayi. Ndi wodalirika kwambiri ku phiri pamwamba.
3. The kampanda Chophweka ali awiri limbikitsa ndi ntchito kuteteza makoma a mipanda mvula mumlengalenga.
4. Kampanda kavalo yodziwika ndi kukhazikitsidwa m'munsi aphimbidwa ndi chishango pamwamba.
5. A dongosolo zovuta ndi kukhalapo kwa stalactites awiri, madzi idzayenda mbali ziwiri. Lero kwambiri cholimba handrails.

Kuti ndi chida zina kwambiri bwino maonekedwe a nyumba kapena dongosolo, sakhoza kuona zithunzi. Pankhaniyi ntchito yokongola ya denga kapena makwerero, ndi kukonza pa bwalo kapena khonde.

Solutions kwa denga chapansi ndi mpanda

Zamwano maziko ali transiting n'kupanga, imene tsinde la kutetezedwa ku chinyezi. Mu dongosolo yotero ndi gawo lalikulu, makutu kukapanda kuleka. Iwo zopangidwa ndi zitsulo kanasonkhezereka, kutanthauza kuti moyo utumiki adzakhala mkulu. Kampanda analengedwa kuti silitchula, koma mamangidwe anali molondola kutetezedwa.

Kampanda padenga ndi Mzere mosalekeza amene akutumikira pa denga njanji. Monga ulamuliro, mfundo ya chiopysezo kwambiri mu nyumba iliyonse - mphambano ya denga ndi wapakamwa, ndipo chifukwa cha kampanda n'zotheka kuteteza ku mavuto obwera chifukwa cha zochitika mumlengalenga. Muyezo denga kampanda wapangidwa waukulu thupi, ziwalo, amene anakonza pa makona ku kapamwamba zazikulu, ndi stalactites mbali, imene madzi akatulutsidwa.

N'chifukwa chiyani ndikufunika mpanda?

Nthawi zambiri wokwera pa parapets a dongosolo denga komanso m'mbali mwa masitepe ndi zipinda monga alonda. Ngati denga ndi lathyathyathya kapena sloped, zamwano ndi anaika pokhapokha ngati msinkhu wawo mamita 10: izo adzateteza munthu kuti isagwe Mwachitsanzo, kuntchito. Komanso kulongosola chitetezo ntchito, ndi kampanda ndipo tiyenera kupanga nyumbayi wokongola. Mu nkhani iyi, mawonekedwe ndi ntchito za mchitidwe ayenera anasankha malinga ndi stylistic ndi mapulani njira anatengera kwa kamangidwe ka nyumba. The kampanda amafunika zotsatirazi:

1. Msinkhu akubera kwa madenga ayenera kukhala osachepera 1.2 m.
2. Ngati tsindwi lathyathyathya si opareshoni, n'zotheka kuchita popanda kampanda ndi m'malo ndi Mwachitsanzo, kukongoletsa zitsulo mpanda.
3. kampanda Unit (ndiko kuti, malo a mphambano yake ndi denga) ayenera kwathunthu phula ndi kulimbikitsidwa.
4. Denga kampanda msinkhu wa masentimita 45 ayenera kupatsidwa thewera zodzitetezera zomwe kawirikawiri ananamizira ndi mtedza zitsulo.

ogwiritsa Features

Pakati pake penipeni, unsembe wa kampanda si nkhani yaikulu, koma ndi bwino kupatsa ntchito imeneyi akatswiri. Khalidweli unsembe zimadalira mmene khalidwe adzakhala hydro maofesi. Ngati mulibe kuganizira kuti awo makhalidwe omwe osiyana unsembe zamwano, kuchinga ayenera kukhala odalirika ndi high quality, malinga ndi denga la khonde, mwachitsanzo, adzakhala zisanyowe, kutanthauza kuti padzakhala mavuto ena ntchito, chimene chingandithandize kufunika mathandizidwe.

Kodi kukhala khonde?

Pa khonde kampanda n'kofunika osati zolinga chitetezo. Mwachitsanzo, mwaganiza kuika mu chipinda mazenera, naima pamaso chimango yosavuta. Ambiri mwina, mu nkhani iyi khonde chipongwe adzayenera zomwe unsembe wa zomangamanga pulasitiki anali Mkhalidwe, ndipo zenera waikidwa ndi mwamphamvu losindikizidwa. Nthawi zambiri, gawo ili la khonde anapanga konkire, zitsulo kapena matabwa matabwa, ndi maonekedwe a zinthuzi ofanana ndi mzake.

Pamene akuphunzitsa khonde ndi ofunika potengera ubwino ndi kumanga chitetezo, osati kwa katundu kukongoletsa. Mwachitsanzo, akamanga kutalika ayenera kukhala pafupifupi 80-120 masentimita - waukulu kwambiri mulingo woyenera zipangizo chotchinga. Komanso, n'kofunika kuganizira zimene katundu adzagwa pa kampanda ndi khonde wonse. Kumangira kampanda latsopano, mukhoza kugwiritsa ntchito zinthu zogwira ntchito zosiyanasiyana monga chipika thovu. Poyamba, ndi kuwala. Kachiwiri, kugonjetsedwa ndi moto. Chachitatu, Musawope madzi, makamaka ngati kuwonjezera kukulunga Pergamino. Kuika angathe kuchitidwa ntchito zomatira, potero atagona seams adzakhala amaundana.

Ngati anaphedwa ang'ono-kakulidwe khonde, ndiye, kuwonjezera malo osungira, mungachite ndi kuchotsa glazing, dongosolo lonse adzatengedwa kunja kampanda pa. Ndi njira, mukhoza zowoneka kupanga danga inali yaikulu, ndipo kuonjezera apo, izo kuoneka okongola.

Mpanda: mmene tingagwiritsire ntchito?

Wokongola mpanda - ndi mwayi kulenga wolimba mapulani gulu loyimba pa malo anu dziko. Kuteteza mpanda wako ku chinyezi ndi mpweya konse, onetsetsani kuti zamwano. Ndi mbali yofunika kwambiri ya dongosolo la kamodzi, zikuonekeratu komanso chifukwa, chifukwa cha chinyezi kudzikundikira komanso yozizira koopsa ake wotsatira mu ozizira pores konkire ndiye patsogolo, ndiye usachite. Izi zikutanthauza kuti pa nthawi mpandawo adzakhala osokoneza.

N'chifukwa chake eni nyumba ambiri amakonda kuika otaya, kapena zisoti pa mpanda. Iwo akhoza kugwiritsidwa ntchito kuphimba pamwamba pa mpanda yopingasa padziko wozungulira wake wonse ndipo motero opatsa wokongola maonekedwe kamangidwe. Nkofunika kusankha kampanda bwino - malinga ndi kukula kwa mpanda. Choyamba, zikuthandizani kugawira katundu wogawana. Lachiwiri, kudzakhala kotheka kuti olowa wapamwamba.

Features wa kampanda kwa mpanda

Muyezo kampanda wapangidwa maalumali (i.e., thupi yaikulu) ndi stalactites. Ananamizira ndi kupinda izo, amene anakonza pa kumathandiza kupeza ngodya zabwino ufulu shelufu. Kumbukirani kuti ngati mpanda wodzaza ndi mwala, woyamba ndi kuchita zinthu unsembe kampanda. Apo ayi, m'nyengo yozizira woyamba, onse akukumana monga kutha. Ndi bwino kusankha kwa mpanda wa zamwano zitsulo, koma saizi ndi zotayidwa, mkuwa, poliyesitala ndi yofanana ena. Mwachitsanzo, akamanga makulidwe a osachepera mamilimita 0.5 adzakhala pafupi zaka khumi ngati ndi kuteteza kachingwe wapadera.

Kodi Malamulo onena?

M'malamulo a boma № 122-FL, mafakitale nyumba kampanda kutalika kungakhale zosakwana 0,6 m, koma ziyenera wodzilemekeza latisi kuchinga. Unathandizira pa madenga a nyumba ayenera anamanga mipanda ndi nkhani mpweya wabwino. Mu nyumba pagulu kutalika parapets masitepe, masitepe, madenga, makonde ayenera kukhala osachepera 0,9 m. Chotchinga Zimenezi ziyenera mosalekeza ndipo akukonzani ndi handrails. Ziribe kanthu chimene kutalika kwa nyumba, mpanda ayenera kuyandikira lathyathyathya kunja gallery, lotseguka kunja masitepe, makwerero, nsanja, makonde ndi loggias.