Kim Fook ndi msungwana wa napalm. Mbiri ya chithunzi chotchuka

Mbiri ya Vietnam m'zaka za zana la makumi awiri ikugwirizana kwambiri ndi nkhondo. Pa zochitika izi, sikuti asilikali okha anavulazidwa, komanso chiwerengero chachikulu cha anthu wamba. Chithunzi cha wojambula zithunzi wa ku British Nick Utom mu June 1972, chomwe chimasonyeza msungwana wachibwana Kim Fook akuthamanga kuti amuthandize, wakhala chizindikiro chimodzi chodziwika kwambiri pa nkhondo ya Vietnam.

Zosokoneza nkhondo: napalm

Napalm imagwiritsa ntchito ntchito yowonjezera mafuta, yomwe imakhala yotentha kwambiri, yomwe imagwiritsidwa ntchito popanga kusakaniza ndi flamethrower kusakaniza. Chida ichi, chomwe chimatsimikizira mbiri ya Vietnam ya zaka za m'ma XX. Kugwiritsiridwa ntchito kwa napalm kunali khalidwe la ndege ku America kuyambira pa nkhondo yachiwiri yapadziko lonse. Koma makamaka chida ichi chinagwiritsidwa ntchito ndi asilikali a United States panthawi ya nkhondo ku Vietnam kuyambira 1964 mpaka 1973. Anthu ambiri ammudzimo amavutika ndi ntchito. Chotsatira chake, chida ichi chinati chiwerengero cha miyoyo yambiri. Chifukwa cha chithunzi chodziŵika kwambiri, Kim Fook, anakhala chizindikiro chotsutsa nkhondo.

Chithunzi chodziwika cha Nick Uta

Anthu wamba, kuphatikizapo mtsikana wazaka zisanu ndi zinayi, dzina lake Kim Fook, adachoka kumudzi kwawo ndipo adayendayenda kumalo a asilikali a boma (chifukwa chakuti kwawo kunali kale kulamulidwa ndi adani). Woyendetsa ndege ku South Vietnamese ndege ankaganiza kuti awa anali asirikali a kumpoto kwa Vietnam, chifukwa cha anthu omwe anagwidwa ndi mabomba a napalm. Wolemba nyuzipepala Nick Uth analemba nthawi ina yomwe idatsatira pambuyo pake: ambiri a Vietnamese ankathawa kumbuyo kwa magulu a utsi, ndipo pakati pawo zinali zovuta kuti asazindikire mtsikana wamaliseche (zovalazo zinagwidwa ndi moto ndipo anayenera kuchotsedwa), pomwe nkhope yake inasokoneza ululu. Wolemba kalatayo anabweretsa ana omwe anavutika ndi chiopsezo kuchipatala.

Mtsikana wa Napalm

Mtsikana amene akujambula pa chithunzichi anali ochokera ku mudzi wa Vietnamese wotchedwa Chang-bang, womwe unali kumpoto chakumadzulo kwa Saigon (masiku ano a Ho Chi Minh City). Pa June 8, kumapeto kwa 1972, panali nkhondo pakati pa magulu a kumpoto ndi South Vietnam, omwe adawonedwa ndi wojambula zithunzi Nick Utom. Pafupi ndi malo omwe mabomba a napalm anagwetsedwa, antchito ake analipo. Ndiwo omwe anawona kuti anawo akuthamanga pamsewu. Ochepa a Vietnamese sanafuule mpaka atazindikira kuti akulu sanali kutali. Kuwonjezera pa Kim Fook wazaka zisanu ndi zinayi, ogwira ntchitoyo adawona m'bale wake Phan Thanh Tama wazaka khumi ndi ziwiri, wamng'ono wa Phan Thanh Fwok wazaka zisanu, msuweni wake Ho Van Bo ndi mlongo wake Ho Ho Thi Thing. Kim anadandaula ndi ululu ndikuyesera kuti awononge manja ake. Iyo inali mphindi ino yomwe inakhazikitsidwa ndi wolemba kalata wa Vietnamese wa Nick Utom. Zithunzi za wojambula zithunzi ndi lero zimafotokozera nkhani ya masiku amenewo kwa anthu padziko lonse lapansi. Ngati wina akukayikira momwe nkhondo ya ku Vietnam inaliri yoopsa, chithunzichi chimatsimikizira.

Thandizo kwa mtsikana wa ku Vietnamese

Mnyamata wa Chris Wayne mtsikana anaimitsidwa ndi kusamba m'madzi. Zinali zoonekeratu kuti anafunikira thandizo lofunika. Pambuyo pake, Nick Ut anakumbukira kuti panthawiyo zithunzizi zinali pafupi ndipo Alan Downes anafunsidwa kuti asawonongeke pachabe kuwombera zithunzi zochititsa mantha zomwe amakhulupirira kuti zisadzawonetseredwe. Komabe, ofalitsa, omwe amagwira ntchito, adayesetsa kuti atengepo kanthu. Nick Uthom mtsikanayo adatengedwera kuchipatala cha ana a British ku mzinda wa Saigon.

Mu kanthawi kochepa, chithunzi cha wolemba kalatayo chinadzitchuka kwambiri ku dziko lakumadzulo, ndipo ambiri adakondwera ndi zotsatira za Kim. Patatha masiku angapo, Chris adamuyendera kuchipatala. Malingana ndi zomwe adanena, pomwe Kim adakakamizika kupita kuchipatala panali zinthu zosayenera. Pamene mtolankhani adafunsa anamwino za chikhalidwe cha mtsikanayo, atamuyesa anauzidwa kuti mwanayo sakanakhala ndi moyo kuti awone tsiku lotsatira. Christopher anazindikira kuti ayenera kuchitapo kanthu mwamsanga. Madokotala a chipatala cha ku British anali ndi chithandizo chochizira bronchitis, koma osati kutentha kwa digiri iyi. Kim anatengedwa kupita kuchipatala china. Kumeneko anathandizidwa ndi opaleshoni opaleshoni ya pulasitiki, ndipo moyo wa msungwanawo unapulumutsidwa. Ali kuchipatala, adagona kwa nthawi yoposa chaka chimodzi, ndipo chiwerengero cha ntchito chinafikira khumi ndi zisanu ndi ziwiri.

Zotsatira za Kim Fook

Zaka zinatha, nkhondo inatha . Chithunzicho chinapitiriza kufotokoza momwe zochitikazo zinali zoopsa komanso momwe zinakhudzira moyo wa zikwi za anthu wamba. Kenako boma la Vietnamese linagwiritsa ntchito mtsikanayo ngati chizindikiro chotsutsa nkhondo, ndipo analibe mwayi wophunzira ku yunivesite. Zinthu zinasintha kokha mu 1986, pamene adaloledwa kupitiriza maphunziro ake. Kim Fook adaphunzitsidwa ku umodzi wa mabungwe a Cuba, komwe anakumana ndi mwamuna wake wam'tsogolo. Atafika mu 1992, adapempha kuti apolisi athawire ku boma la Canada, atathaŵa ndegeyo ku eyapoti ku Newfoundland. Masiku ano, Kim ndi banja lake amakhala m'dziko lino, m'chigawo cha Ontario (m'mudzi wina wa Toronto). Iye anakhazikitsa bungwe kuti liwathandize chithandizo chachipatala ndi maganizo kwa iwo amene adasandulika nkhondo.

Kuzindikira kwa chithunzi

Kwa chithunzithunzi ichi, Nick adapatsidwa mphoto ya Pulitzer, yomwe ili yotchuka kwa atolankhani.

Chithunzi "Napalm ku Vietnam" wakhala imodzi mwa zithunzi zotchuka kwambiri, zikuwonetsa zochitika za nkhondo imeneyo. Iye anadodometsa chiwerengero cha anthu a ku America ndipo adayambitsa kusintha kwa maiko m'dzikoli kutsutsana ndi nkhondo. Chithunzichi chili mndandanda wa zithunzi zokhudzana kwambiri ndi zaka za m'ma 1900 (malinga ndi mndandanda wa Columbia University).