Khomo lachiberekero precancerous zotupa. matenda khomo lachiberekero: zimayambitsa, zizindikiro, matenda ndi mankhwala

Maselo wabwinobwino wa khomo pachibelekeropo aphimbidwa ndi stratified squamous epithelium. Amakhala ndi zigawo zitatu: woyambira, wapakatikati ndi kungotengeka. kusintha kusasitsa kapena zosiyanasiyana maselo zaminyewa, madokotala angatchedwe dysplasia. Mawu amenewa nthawi zambiri amatchedwa zotupa zonse khomo lachiberekero precancerous.

matenda zotheka

Madokotala apeza angapo zinthu pathological, amene kwenikweni ayenera kulabadira. Choncho, gulu osiyana ophatikizidwa otchedwa njira maziko. Zikuphatikizapo kukokoloka woona, leukoplakia losavuta, ndi tizilombo ting'onoting'ono, ectopia khomo pachibelekeropo erythroplakia. Payokha allocated chikhalidwe precancerous otchedwa khomo lachiberekero intraepithelial neoplasia kapena dysplasia. Nkofunika kuzindikira kuti moyo ndi predkartsernyh madera a pathogenesis osiyana.

Koma chiyambi ndi mawonetseredwe a zotupa precancerous ndi khansa ofanana. Chifukwa chimodzi ambiri otchedwa HPV. Choncho, pamaso pa anthu papilloma HIV m'thupi si chitsimikizo cha zomwe ndithu kukhala khansa. Koma kwa akazi amene aona chisanadze khansa chikhalidwe khomo lachiberekero 90% milandu wakhala anapezeka ndi HPV. Koma ayenera kumvetsa kuti mitundu zoposa 60 anati HIV kumaliseche bwanji za 20, ndi 11 amaonedwa High- serotypes.

papillomavirus

Anthu ambiri sadziwa kuti thupi lawo lili HPV. Ena mwa matenda kumachitika mu mawonekedwe zobisika. Izi zikutanthauza kuti anthu ali ndi kachilombo, koma mawonetseredwe iliyonse iwo satero. Mu mawonekedwe subclinical matenda kusintha cytological. Kukomoka HPV akuoneka kudziwa pamene anawona condylomas exophytic ndi endophytic.

Ambiri ndi 16 TH ndi 18 TH papillomavirus serotype. Infection zambiri amaona kwathunthu ndipo si limodzi ndi maonekedwe a zizindikiro zilizonse. Koma nthawi yomweyo HIV infects khungu, inamangidwa mu malamulo awo majini akuyamba kugawanika kwa maselo a m'thupi. Izi n'kukumana ndi alibe awo ndipo chifukwa cha dysplasia kapena khansa.

Koma akukhulupirira kuti yofunika kwambiri mu kukula kwa chiwopsezo matenda umachita epithelium munthu ndi olumala wa asilikali chitetezo.

Mapangidwe njira maziko

Gynecologists matenda ena matenda khomo lachiberekero amene yodziwika ndi kusintha makamaka. Choncho, madokotala kusiyanitsa woona, titadziwa ndi wabodza kukokoloka.

Ngakhale atsikana gynecologist pa kafukufuku akhoza kuona kusintha kosangalatsa wa epithelium columnar. Pambuyo colposcopy, ndi zimaonekera kuti ndi ofiira owala mtundu. Pa utoto chomwecho ndi "Lugol" njira n'zosatheka. chikhalidwe ichi mChipangano zoyerekeza kapena ectopia. Zimakhala kobadwa nako kapena kugula. Koma uwu si chikhalidwe precancerous wa khomo pachibelekeropo, kotero kuti kukokoloka zimenezi popanda mankhwala. Ndikofunikira kusunga nthawi.

Ngati wodwalayo mucous nembanemba wa ngalande khomo lachiberekero mozondoka mu gawo ukazi wa khomo pachibelekeropo, ndiye chikhalidwe ichi amatchedwa ectropion. Izi osakaniza chilonda mapindikidwe minofu khomo pachibelekeropo wawo. Kuzionetsetsa, dokotala aone khosi olumala ndi kudula kapena maw gaping ndi yamawangamawanga yofiira epithelium columnar. Nthawi zambiri angakhale zone kusinthika.

Wina ndondomeko maziko ndi leukoplakia, dzina la matenda likumasuliridwa kuti "malo woyera". Mu matenda kwanuko cornified epithelium multilayer. Choncho stroma padziko mitsempha anapanga infiltrates. Leukoplakia akhoza kukhala wophweka, ndiye wachinsinsi monga njira maziko. Ngati matenda imeneyi maselo nthenda, ndiye tikulankhula precancer.

matenda ena ndi erythroplakia, koma anapeza kaŵirikaŵiri. Dzina limeneli kwenikweni likumasuliridwa kuti "malo wofiira". Mu chikhalidwe ichi, stratified epithelium manja, izo tapers kwa zigawo angapo. maselo wapakatikati kutha. Kudzera thinned epithelium ziwiya translucent, kotero mbali amaoneka ngati mawanga ofiira.

Komanso, pamene kuonera dokotala aone zophuka, yokutidwa ndi epithelium. Iwo akutchedwa tizilombo ting'onoting'ono. Izi yowala maphunziro pinki, kumene kungakhale tsamba-mphako kapena oblong. Iwo anapachika kwa Os khomo lachiberekero.

Zimayambitsa kukokoloka

Nthawi zambiri, mavuto angathe kuonedwa pamene anayendera chizolowezi kapena colposcopy. Ngati dotolo akuona kusintha, zikhoza kufotokoza zimene zikuoneka kukokoloka khomo lachiberekero. Choncho, zomwe zimakonda ndi:

- matenda opatsirana, Pakati pa chlamydia ambiri, trichomoniasis, chinzonono, ureaplasmosis, genetalny nsungu, papillomavirus;

- m'chiuno yotupa matenda;

- kuwonongeka mawotchi nembanemba mucous;

- kusintha m'thupi.

Chifukwa cha zimenezi, kusintha epithelium stratified, amene zigawo kutsatira bwino ndipo mwachisawawa odzaza, nthawi zina exfoliated ndi kuonongeka. Zinaonetsa kuti ndi maulendo 5 wamba zambiri akazi ndi kulephera kupita kumwezi, akhoza ngakhale wamkulu kukokoloka kwa khomo pachibelekeropo. M'malo kupanga columnar epithelium desquamated wosanjikiza.

zinthu kukulitsa amatchedwa zolephera mu kuzungulira, kusintha kuja abwenzi, oyambirira kugonana, ndi utachepa chitetezo chokwanira. Ambiri mwa anthu amene apeza mavuto awa, ndi chidwi ngati pali malamulo alionse pamene kukokoloka kwa chiberekero wakhala matenda. Kodi si kuchita matenda? Aliyense molimba palibe malamulo. Nkofunika chabe kuyang'aniridwa zonse ndi gynecologist, tengani mayeso zonse zofunika osati kusiya mankhwala amene wapatsidwa.

Matenda a njira maziko

Tinganene, akazi ndi khomo pachibelekeropo matenda pa zimene si kudandaula. Aliyense erosions popanda zizindikiro. N'zoona kuti pali ena kumaliseche yochitidwa, amene amayambitsa kusapeza iliyonse. Kugonana kutachitika angayambe zoonera kapena sanies. Pankhaniyi, posachedwapa kuwona dotolo. Iye athe kuwunika boma, kuti aone ngati pali khomo lachiberekero kukokoloka. Dzina la matenda zimenezo n'kofunika kwambiri kwa dokotala. Ilo lachokera vuto kuzindikiridwa kudzadalira njira zina zochizira.

Pa zoyerekeza Kupenda izo zikuwoneka ngati banga lofiira zoumbika mosiyanasiyana. Iye waima pafupi ndi mucous wotumbululuka. Pa colposcopy, zakhala zoonekeratu kuti madera vuto okutidwa ndi wofiira papillae chonse kapena oblong mu mawonekedwe, chifukwa pamwamba zikuwoneka ngati veleveti. Musachite mantha colposcopy basi anayendera ntchito chipangizo wapadera, okhoza kuonjezera gawo la nthawi 30-40.

Diagnostics matenda monga leukoplakia, kumakhala vuto. Odwala ena tentha mthupi zigawo selo kuoneka apoyera iwo amaoneka ngati yamawangamawanga woyera womwe kukudza ectocervix (gawo khomo lachiberekero projecting mu nyini). Ena angathe kuonedwa lokha pa colposcopy. Kwa matenda a minofu khomo lachiberekero akhoza ankachitira ndi njira ayodini. m'madera tentha mthupi anakhudzidwa si akuda mu bulauni, amaoneka ngati pamwamba okulira ndi yochitidwa filimu. Kudziwa chikhalidwe cha leukoplakia (kumveka kapena ndi maselo atypical) zofunika kuti achite biopsy.

Komanso, pamene kuonera gynecologist aone cysts pa khomo pachibelekeropo. zimayambitsa awo ali motere:

- matenda maliseche zimene zimachititsa kuti chitukuko cha matenda yotupa;

- kuvulala kwa chiberekero pobereka, mimba, dilatation ndi curettage ;

- m'thupi matenda.

Cysts kuyang'ana ngati matumba kuti ndizodzazidwa ndi ntchofu. Iwo kutuluka Nabothian zopangitsa, amene amaoneka ngati swellings yaing'ono woyera. Ngati pali zolephera mwa ntchito zawo, ducts amakhala otseka. Ngati kumene kuonekera pamene kuonera chikwama chimodzi chokha, umatchedwa chotupa endometriodnyh. Koma pali nthawi zina pamene pali zingapo. Zikatero, adotolo akuti ndi cysts Nabothian pa khomo pachibelekeropo. zimayambitsa awo, ndi zofunika kuti tipeze. Ataonekera awo amayamba ndi matenda amene amafunika chithandizo. Kawirikawiri, madokotala amalangiza njira imodzi yokha ya mankhwala - kuchotsa cysts. Izi zachitika mwa puncturing thumba, kuchotsa yomata ntchofu ndi processing malo a pakuwonekera kwake.

njira za chithandizo

Pa nthawi imene dokotala detects vuto ndi khomo pachibelekeropo, ayenera kukuuzani kuti muyenera kuchita lotsatira. Choncho, poyamba pa zonse kugwira katswiri colposcopy, kutenga mfundo cytological kuona ndi ngati n'koyenera, kupereka kuchita biopsy. The kafukufuku zonse n'zotheka kudziwa zimene zikuoneka kukokoloka khomo lachiberekero. N'kofunikanso kuti smears pa zomera, ndi kudziwa ngati pali matenda. Ndi kuvomerezedwa kuti apeze ngati wodwalayo ali ndi HIV, chindoko kapena matenda a chiwindi. Komanso, gynecologist akhoza kupereka malangizo kuchita mosamala kuti Trichomonas, ureaplasma, HPV, chlamydia, mycoplasmas, Gardnerella.

Mukhoza kupitirira mankhwala. Malinga ndi kukula, zimapangitsa, ndi zinthu zina gynecologist adzadzipereka current kuti cauterize khosi la chiberekero, kupanga cryotherapy, laser coagulation kapena kugwiritsa ntchito njira wailesi yoweyula.

Nthawi zina, pongofuna penyani kukokoloka. njira zimenezi osankhidwa milandu kumene opezeka atsikana nulliparous. Nthawi zambiri, iwo ndi chifukwa yatsoka kusintha wake m'thupi.

Kufotokozera za mankhwala

Moxibustion ndi imodzi mwa njira ambiri. Koma pamene ndondomeko kwambiri mavuto. Chifukwa cha cauterization akhoza kutulutsa amamuyambitsa timabala kwambiri, yopapatiza m'kamwa mwa njira khomo pachibelekeropo. Komanso, machiritso pambuyo ndondomeko chimaonetsa nthawi yaitali. Koma ngakhale zolakwa zonse, nthawi zambiri ntchito moxibustion khomo lachiberekero kukokoloka. Reviews amasonyeza kuti ndondomeko ndi wosasangalala, koma ndi zopweteka kwambiri kuti sitinganene kuti. akazi ambiri chabe kulankhula za mmene cha ululu pamimba m'munsi. Komanso, pambuyo ndondomeko kungakhale ukazi kumaliseche.

dokotala ayeneranso kupewa zingapo zimene sitingathe. Ndi kuvomerezedwa kuti zina kugonana kwa zaka zosachepera mwezi ndondomeko. Palinso zitsulo zoletsa - akhoza kufooka zosaposa 2 kg. Lamulo pa saunas, osambira, kutenga malo osambira, sonyezani mphamvu ya thupi.

Cryodestruction zambiri kumayambitsa kufupikitsa khomo lachiberekero. Komanso, chifukwa cha ndondomeko akhoza mwapang'ono os khomo lachiberekero. Mwauchidakwa chowawa otchedwa cryotherapy n'zosathekadi, odwala kukusokonezani m'munsichi chosangalatsa fungo.

Anthu ambiri amakonda kugwiritsa ntchito njira zamakono kwambiri, monga wailesi-yoweyula chithandizo cha kukokoloka khomo lachiberekero. Anali ndi zida wapadera "Surgitron". Ali m'bukuli elekitirodi chimachokera mafunde-pafupipafupi, iwo apanga kutentha pamene kukumana ndi zimakhala thupi. Pankhaniyi, maselo ankaoneka asanduke nthunzi.

Amagwiritsidwanso ankaona kuti kwambiri ogwira laser mankhwala. Ndinakumana ndi mtanda wa mafunde amachititsa kuti maselo nthenda achotsedwa. Pankhaniyi, zimakhala ozungulira amakhudzidwa pang'ono. Njira imatengedwa wamng'ono zoopsa.

Kaperekedwe dysplasia

Nthawi zambiri kukhala zotupa precancerous mu zotupa zoopsa wa khomo pachibelekeropo. Samalani wapadera ayenera kukhala anthu kukokoloka khomo lachiberekero. Cancer chapansipansi izo nkomwe kuyamba kukhazikitsa, koma munda wa dysplasia nthawi zina anapeza pa zoyerekeza maziko.

Akatswiri kudziwa magawo atatu a matenda. digiri woyamba amatchedwa kuwala. Pamene anapha zigawo chozama - ndi woyambira ndi parabasal maselo zaminyewa. zigawo chapamwamba n'zabwinobwino. zizindikiro kunja kwa matendawa ndi kwina. Iwo akhoza wapezeka lokha pa cytology, ndi kuchipala ayenera kumwedwa kwambiri.

Mu digiri yachiwiri - zolimbitsa dysplasia - kusintha zingakhudze mpaka 2/3 ya maselo zaminyewa. Pa nthawi imeneyi maselo atypical sayenera.

Mu dysplasia aakulu wachitatu digiri kusasitsa ndi zosiyanasiyana maselo chikuchitika okha wosanjikiza pamwamba. The zigawo otsala akhudzidwa. Kafukufuku More mwatsatanetsatane akusonyeza pamaso pa maselo ndi atypia.

Oterewa dysplasia si yapafupi. Matendawa amapezeka popanda zizindikiro zilizonse kutchulidwa, iwo alibe zizindikiro khalidwe. Kuzionetsetsa, ndi gynecologist tingadziwire ectopia, leukoplakia, papilloma angamuone. Nthawi zina zimachitika pamene dysplasia kuti chiberekero ndi sanasinthe.

matenda A n'zotheka ndi cytology kuipitsa mbiri otengedwa khomo pachibelekeropo. Ngati njira ya zofufuza, chinapezeka kuti kutenga chuma ali maselo ndi dikariozom (kusintha mu phata la), m'pofunika kuchita histology. Chopangidwa kuchokera ku zipangizo anatengedwa pa biopsy lapansi.

Zimayambitsa dysplasia

Nthawi zambiri zimakhala zovuta kumvetsa zimene anali maziko zikamera wa mavuto ndi Ziwalo zoberekera za amayi. Koma pali zinthu zingapo zimene zimachititsa isanayambike matenda. Mwachitsanzo, ngati wodwalayo stitches mu khomo pachibelekeropo, choncho ndi kuperewera kwa zakudya m'thupi zimakhala. Ndipo akhoza kukhala kutsogolera kwa chitukuko cha matenda.

Ndi precipitating zinthu mulinso:

- chitetezo ndi mahomoni matenda;

- pamaso pa zotupa erosive - koopsa ndi zone kusintha pakati pa lathyathyathya ndi cylindrical epithelium, zabweretsa ku gawo lakunja kwa khosi;

- kukhalapo mu thupi High chiopsezo mitundu HPV.

Zifukwa izi:

- isanayambe ntchito chibwenzi chogonana pa nthawi, pamene epithelium alibe bwino anapanga;

- kugwiritsa ntchito nthawi yaitali kulera m'thupi ndi intrauterine;

- angapo kubadwa;

- pamaso pa matenda, opatsirana pogonana;

- kuchepa zakudya ndi kuperewera kwa mavitamini C, A ndi beta-carotene.

Ndipo anapezanso kuti zotsatira za maonekedwe a matenda amenewa likukhudza amayi ndi thanzi anthu. Smegma kuti amatenga pansi khungu la zingachititse kuti chidzasintha khomo lachiberekero zotupa precancerous. Ichi ndi chifukwa kukhalapo mu izo wa zinthu carcinogenic, amene kugwera pa kugonana ndi khomo pachibelekeropo.

njira zotheka wa ndiyotani pakuchotsa vuto

Njira za chithandizo zikudalira mlingo wa dysplasia anapezeka. Choncho gawo loyamba kawirikawiri analimbikitsa penyani monga mphamvu minofu ndi kuchita mankhwala ndiwofatsa, zomwe cholinga chake ndi kuthetsa zomwe zingayambitse matendawa. Zambiri imachitikira mavairasi oyambitsa kapena antibacterial mankhwala cholinga kuthetsa tizilombo toyambitsa matenda. Popeza mphamvu zabwino, komanso milandu anthu, pamene anali kamodzi dianostirovana dysplasia 2 kapena digiri 3, yovomereza chithandizo opaleshoni.

Mu nkhani iyi, akhoza kuchitika komanso cauterization osefukira wa khomo pachibelekeropo. Reviews bwanji kuti njira imeneyi amapereka zotsatira zabwino kwambiri. Komanso, cryosurgery kapena laser mankhwala akhoza kugwiritsidwa ntchito. Nthawi zina, ntchito diatermokonizatsiya. Njira imeneyi imakhala chakuti minofu kusinthidwa excised mu mawonekedwe a chulucho, ndi pamwamba limene mwachindunji kwa Os mkati. m'madera akumidzi a minofu zina anatumiza histology.

Nkofunika kudziwa kuti odwala dysplasia chiopsezo cha khansa nthawi 10-20 kuposa anthu amene alibe vutoli. Mu gawo loyamba pali kuthekera kwa n'zosiyana chitukuko cha matenda - ili amapezeka pafupifupi theka la milandu. Koma 40% ya akazi izo patsogolo, ena - athe ziziyenda.

zochiritsira zosagwiritsidwa

Kumva zosasangalatsa kwa matenda, si onse amavomereza kuti chithandizo cha njira za makolo. Ngakhale ngati dotolo zikusonyeza ndithu wofatsa ndi njira kwambiri kothandiza wa radiowave chithandizo cha kukokoloka khomo lachiberekero, pali anthu amene amakana mankhwala.

Ena ayamba kuyang'ana njira zina. Wotchuka kwambiri douching kuchepetsa tincture wa calendula (1 hr. L. Pa ¼ chikho madzi), bulugamu (1 hr. L., sitimadzipereka mu kapu ya madzi), nyanja buckthorn mafuta ndi tampons kapena Mitembo yokhala.

Koma si njira zonse angathe kuchitidwa monga mankhwala khomo lachiberekero mankhwala wowerengeka. Ochiritsa ena amalangiza moŵa kwa douching liziwawa St. John pa mlingo wa 1 tbsp. L. theka lita madzi otentha. Grass ayenera owiritsa kwa mphindi 10 ndi atolankhani osachepera ola limodzi.

Ngati mwaganiza kupereka chithandizo choyenera ndi lidzachitiridwa ndi njira izi, kupita gynecologist pa nthawi zonse kuti kuyan'ana mkhalidwe wa khomo pachibelekeropo. Mwa njira iyi idzakhala nthawi kuwona kuwonongeka ndi kuyesa athetse vutoli.